Yıl 2024,
Cilt: 4 Sayı: 3, 71 - 76, 03.07.2024
Aysun Aras
,
Mustafa Bayraktar
Kaynakça
- 1. World Health Organization (WHO). Coronavirus (COVID-19) Dashboard: WHO. (Accessed: 17.10.2022). Available from: https://covid19.who.int/
- 2. Turkish Ministry of Health, COVID-19 Information Platform. COVID-19 Guidelines. In Turkish. (Accessed: 17.10.2022). Available from: https://covid19.saglik.gov.tr/TR-66301/covid-19-rehberi.html
- 3. Vindegaard N, Benros ME. COVID-19 pandemic and mental health consequences: Systematic review of the current evidence. Brain Behav. Immun. 2020;89:531-542. [CrossRef]
- 4. Talevi D, Socci V, Carai M, Carnaghi G, Faleri S, Trebbi E, et al. Mental health outcomes of the CoViD-19 pandemic. Riv. Psichiatr. 2020;55(3):137-144. [CrossRef]
- 5. Guan W, Ni Z, Hu Y, et al. Clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 in China. N. Engl. J. Med. 2020;382(18):1708-1720. [CrossRef]
- 6. Ahorsu DK, Lin CY, Imani V, et al. The fear of COVID-19 scale: development and initial validation. Int. J. Ment. Health Addict. 2022;20(3):t 1537-1545. [CrossRef]
- 7. Pappas PG, Kauffman CA, Andes D, et al. Clinical practice guidelines for the management of candidiasis: 2009 update by the infectious diseases society of America. Clin. Infect. Dis. 2009;48(5):503-535. [CrossRef]
- 8. Barahmand U, Haji A. The impact of intolerance of uncertainty, worry and irritability on quality of life in persons with epilepsy: Irritability as mediator. Epilepsy Research. 2014;108(8):1335-1344. [CrossRef]
- 9. Silva RR, De Assis Teles Santos D, Costa BA, et al. Prevalence of fear of COVID-19, depression, and anxiety among undergraduate students during remote classes. Acta Neuropsychiatr. 2023;35(5):303-313. [CrossRef]
- 10. Satici B, Saricali M, Satici SA, Griffiths MD. Intolerance of uncertainty and mental wellbeing: serial mediation by rumination and fear of COVID-19. Int. J. Ment. Health Addict. 2022;20(5):2731-2742. [CrossRef]
- 11. Li Y, Wang Y, Jiang J, et al. Psychological distress among health professional students during the COVID-19 outbreak. Psychol. Med. 2021;51(11):1952-1954. [CrossRef]
- 12. Baticulon RE, Sy JJ, Alberto NRI, Baron MBC, Mabulay REC, Rizada LGT, et al. Barriers to online learning in the time of covid-19: a national survey of medical students in the philippines. Med. Sci. Educ. 2021;24;31(2):615-626. [CrossRef]
- 13. Arima M, Takamiya Y, Furuta A, Siriratsivawong K, Tsuchiya S, Izumi M. Factors associated with the mental health status of medical students during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study in Japan. BMJ Open. 2020; 10;10(12):e043728. [CrossRef]
- 14. Oseni TIA, Agbede RO, Fatusin BB, Odewale MA. The role of the family physician in the fight against Coronavirus disease 2019 in Nigeria. Afr. J. Prim. Health Care Fam. Med. 2020;12(1). [CrossRef]
- 15. Zimmermann C, Tansella M. Psychosocial factors and physical illness in primary care: Promoting the biopsychosocial model in medical practice. J. Psychosom. Res. 1996;40(4):351-358. [CrossRef]
- 16. Satici B, Gocet-Tekin E, Deniz ME, Satici SA. Adaptation of the Fear of COVID-19 Scale: Its Association with Psychological Distress and Life Satisfaction in Turkey. Int. J. Ment. Health Addict. 2020;19(6):1980-1988. [CrossRef]
- 17. Carleton RN, Norton MAPJ, Asmundson GJG. Fearing the unknown: A short version of the Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale. J. Anxiety Disord. 2007;21(1):105-117. [CrossRef]
- 18. Sarıçam H, Erguvan FM, Akın A, Akça MŞ. The Turkish short version of the intolerance of uncertainty (IUS-12) scale: The study of validity and reliability. RESS Journal. 2014;1(3):148-157.
- 19. Overfield T, de Baat J. Confidence Signaling, Gender, and Crowdfunding Outcomes. Master’s Thesis. Uppsala University. Department of Business Studies. 2018.
- 20. Bakioğlu F, Korkmaz O, Ercan H. Fear of COVID-19 and Positivity: Mediating Role of Intolerance of Uncertainty, Depression, Anxiety, and Stress. Int. J. Ment. Health Addict. 2020;19(6):2369-2382. [CrossRef]
- 21. Wang C, Pan R, Wan X, et al. Immediate psychological responses and associated factors during the initial stage of the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) epidemic among the general population in China. Int. J. Ment. Health Addict. 2020;17(5):1729. [CrossRef]
- 22. Boelen PA, Reijntjes A, Carleton RN. Intolerance of uncertainty and adult separation anxiety. Cogn. Behav. Ther. 2014;43(2):133-144. [CrossRef]
- 23. Geçgin FM, Sahranç Ü. Belirsizliğe tahammülsüzlük ile psikolojik iyi oluş arasındaki ilişki. Sakarya Uni. J. of Educ. 2017;7(4):739-755. [CrossRef]
- 24. Duman N. Üniversite öğrencilerinde COVID-19 korkusu ve belirsizliğe tahammülsüzlük. J. Soc. Sci. 2020;4(8):426-437.
- 25. Zhang W, Wang K, Yin L, et al. Mental health and psychosocial problems of medical health workers during the COVID-19 epidemic in China. Psychother. Psychosom. 2020;89(4):242-250. [CrossRef]
- 26. Parlapani E, Holeva V, Nikopoulou VA, et al. Intolerance of Uncertainty and Loneliness in Older Adults During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Front. Psychol. 2020;11. [CrossRef]
COVID-19 Fear and Uncertainty Intolerance in Medical Students
Yıl 2024,
Cilt: 4 Sayı: 3, 71 - 76, 03.07.2024
Aysun Aras
,
Mustafa Bayraktar
Öz
Objective: To investigate the COVID-19 fear and uncertainty intolerance in first-year medical students in the first year of the pandemic.
Methods: In the academic year 2020-2021, a cross-sectional study was carried out among students in the first year of medical school. They were asked to complete an online survey which included demographic information and two five-item (1 to 5) Likert scales. The scales were the Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCS) and the Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale-12 (IUS-12).
Results: Of the 237 students included (participation rate 81.7%), the median age was 19.0 [IQR=1.0] years and 60.3% were female (n=143). The median FCS score was 17.0 [IQR=7.0] and the mean IUS-12 score was 37.4±8.8. A significant positive correlation was found between FCS and IUS-12 scores (r=0.316, P<.001). Elevated FCS scores were significantly associated with female gender, never smokers, and those reporting a need for psychological support (P<.05). High IUS-12 scores were also significantly associated with the need for psychological support, but also with feeling lonely, home stress, and not watching online lectures (P<.05).
Conclusion: High levels of COVID-19 fear and uncertainty intolerance were found in first-year medical students. Students' need for psychological support tended to be significantly higher at both higher scaled.
Etik Beyan
Ethics committee approval was obtained from Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Medicine of the Atatürk University (Date: 05.11.2020, Number: 09-14)
Destekleyen Kurum
The authors declared that this study has received no financial support.
Kaynakça
- 1. World Health Organization (WHO). Coronavirus (COVID-19) Dashboard: WHO. (Accessed: 17.10.2022). Available from: https://covid19.who.int/
- 2. Turkish Ministry of Health, COVID-19 Information Platform. COVID-19 Guidelines. In Turkish. (Accessed: 17.10.2022). Available from: https://covid19.saglik.gov.tr/TR-66301/covid-19-rehberi.html
- 3. Vindegaard N, Benros ME. COVID-19 pandemic and mental health consequences: Systematic review of the current evidence. Brain Behav. Immun. 2020;89:531-542. [CrossRef]
- 4. Talevi D, Socci V, Carai M, Carnaghi G, Faleri S, Trebbi E, et al. Mental health outcomes of the CoViD-19 pandemic. Riv. Psichiatr. 2020;55(3):137-144. [CrossRef]
- 5. Guan W, Ni Z, Hu Y, et al. Clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 in China. N. Engl. J. Med. 2020;382(18):1708-1720. [CrossRef]
- 6. Ahorsu DK, Lin CY, Imani V, et al. The fear of COVID-19 scale: development and initial validation. Int. J. Ment. Health Addict. 2022;20(3):t 1537-1545. [CrossRef]
- 7. Pappas PG, Kauffman CA, Andes D, et al. Clinical practice guidelines for the management of candidiasis: 2009 update by the infectious diseases society of America. Clin. Infect. Dis. 2009;48(5):503-535. [CrossRef]
- 8. Barahmand U, Haji A. The impact of intolerance of uncertainty, worry and irritability on quality of life in persons with epilepsy: Irritability as mediator. Epilepsy Research. 2014;108(8):1335-1344. [CrossRef]
- 9. Silva RR, De Assis Teles Santos D, Costa BA, et al. Prevalence of fear of COVID-19, depression, and anxiety among undergraduate students during remote classes. Acta Neuropsychiatr. 2023;35(5):303-313. [CrossRef]
- 10. Satici B, Saricali M, Satici SA, Griffiths MD. Intolerance of uncertainty and mental wellbeing: serial mediation by rumination and fear of COVID-19. Int. J. Ment. Health Addict. 2022;20(5):2731-2742. [CrossRef]
- 11. Li Y, Wang Y, Jiang J, et al. Psychological distress among health professional students during the COVID-19 outbreak. Psychol. Med. 2021;51(11):1952-1954. [CrossRef]
- 12. Baticulon RE, Sy JJ, Alberto NRI, Baron MBC, Mabulay REC, Rizada LGT, et al. Barriers to online learning in the time of covid-19: a national survey of medical students in the philippines. Med. Sci. Educ. 2021;24;31(2):615-626. [CrossRef]
- 13. Arima M, Takamiya Y, Furuta A, Siriratsivawong K, Tsuchiya S, Izumi M. Factors associated with the mental health status of medical students during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study in Japan. BMJ Open. 2020; 10;10(12):e043728. [CrossRef]
- 14. Oseni TIA, Agbede RO, Fatusin BB, Odewale MA. The role of the family physician in the fight against Coronavirus disease 2019 in Nigeria. Afr. J. Prim. Health Care Fam. Med. 2020;12(1). [CrossRef]
- 15. Zimmermann C, Tansella M. Psychosocial factors and physical illness in primary care: Promoting the biopsychosocial model in medical practice. J. Psychosom. Res. 1996;40(4):351-358. [CrossRef]
- 16. Satici B, Gocet-Tekin E, Deniz ME, Satici SA. Adaptation of the Fear of COVID-19 Scale: Its Association with Psychological Distress and Life Satisfaction in Turkey. Int. J. Ment. Health Addict. 2020;19(6):1980-1988. [CrossRef]
- 17. Carleton RN, Norton MAPJ, Asmundson GJG. Fearing the unknown: A short version of the Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale. J. Anxiety Disord. 2007;21(1):105-117. [CrossRef]
- 18. Sarıçam H, Erguvan FM, Akın A, Akça MŞ. The Turkish short version of the intolerance of uncertainty (IUS-12) scale: The study of validity and reliability. RESS Journal. 2014;1(3):148-157.
- 19. Overfield T, de Baat J. Confidence Signaling, Gender, and Crowdfunding Outcomes. Master’s Thesis. Uppsala University. Department of Business Studies. 2018.
- 20. Bakioğlu F, Korkmaz O, Ercan H. Fear of COVID-19 and Positivity: Mediating Role of Intolerance of Uncertainty, Depression, Anxiety, and Stress. Int. J. Ment. Health Addict. 2020;19(6):2369-2382. [CrossRef]
- 21. Wang C, Pan R, Wan X, et al. Immediate psychological responses and associated factors during the initial stage of the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) epidemic among the general population in China. Int. J. Ment. Health Addict. 2020;17(5):1729. [CrossRef]
- 22. Boelen PA, Reijntjes A, Carleton RN. Intolerance of uncertainty and adult separation anxiety. Cogn. Behav. Ther. 2014;43(2):133-144. [CrossRef]
- 23. Geçgin FM, Sahranç Ü. Belirsizliğe tahammülsüzlük ile psikolojik iyi oluş arasındaki ilişki. Sakarya Uni. J. of Educ. 2017;7(4):739-755. [CrossRef]
- 24. Duman N. Üniversite öğrencilerinde COVID-19 korkusu ve belirsizliğe tahammülsüzlük. J. Soc. Sci. 2020;4(8):426-437.
- 25. Zhang W, Wang K, Yin L, et al. Mental health and psychosocial problems of medical health workers during the COVID-19 epidemic in China. Psychother. Psychosom. 2020;89(4):242-250. [CrossRef]
- 26. Parlapani E, Holeva V, Nikopoulou VA, et al. Intolerance of Uncertainty and Loneliness in Older Adults During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Front. Psychol. 2020;11. [CrossRef]