Politeknik Dergisi 2147-9429 Gazi Üniversitesi 10.2339/politeknik.1569099 Internal Combustion Engines İçten Yanmalı Motorlar Bir Kompresörün İkinci Kademesi İçin Silindir Yaslanmasız Krank-Biyel Mekanizmasının Tasarımı ve Analizleri Design and Analysis of an Crank-Connecting Rod Mechanism without Cylinder Thrusting for the Second Stage of a Compressor https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7052-2275 Çetin Özgür GAZİ ÜNİVERSİTESİ, FEN BİLİMLERİ ENSTİTÜSÜ, OTOMOTİV MÜHENDİSLİĞİ (DR) https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6017-1050 Okur Melih GAZİ ÜNİVERSİTESİ, FEN BİLİMLERİ ENSTİTÜSÜ, OTOMOTİV MÜHENDİSLİĞİ (PROF.) 12 04 2025 28 6 1771 1781 10 17 2024 03 23 2025 Copyright © 1998, Politeknik Dergisi 1998 Politeknik Dergisi

Geleneksel krank-biyel mekanizmaları, basitliği ve montaj kolaylığından dolayı tercih edilse de, ikincil hareket nedeniyle pistonun istenmeyen hareketlere maruz kalması; sistemde gürültü, titreşim, gaz kaçağı, sürtünme ve aşınma gibi olumsuzluklara neden olmaktadır. Bu çalışmada geleneksel krank-biyel mekanizmasında tespit edilen mekanik olumsuzlukları en aza indirmek amacıyla yeni bir tasarıma ve bu tasarımın geleneksel mekanizma ile karşılaştırmalı analizlerine yer verilmiştir. Hesaplamalar ve analizlerde ağır vasıta araçlarda yaygın olarak kullanılan geleneksel krank-biyel mekanizmasına sahip iki kademeli bir fren hava kompresörü modelinden faydalanılmıştır. Yeni tasarımda, daha kısa biyel kolu, piston pimi ile bütünleşik bir rod ve yanal sürtünmeyi azaltan, bloğa sabitlenmiş lineer yatak yer almaktadır. Yapılan hesaplamalar ile mekanizmalar piston konum, hız, ivme ve piston yanal kuvvetleri bakımından karşılaştırılmış ve FEA modelleri ile doğrulanmıştır. Yeni mekanizmada daha düşük biyel/krank oranından dolayı artan biyel açısının etkisiyle piston-silindir arayüzeyindeki yaslanma kuvvetinin arttığı fakat lineer yatağın düşük sürtünme katsayısı nedeniyle sürtünme kuvvetinin geleneksel sisteme göre yaklaşık %92 oranında azaldığı belirlenmiştir.

Although traditional crank-connecting rod mechanisms are preferred due to their simplicity and ease of assembly, the piston is subjected to unwanted movements due to secondary motion, causing problems such as noise, vibration, gas leakage, friction and wear in the system.In this study, a new design and comparative analysis of this design with the conventional mechanism are presented in order to minimize the mechanical disadvantages identified in the conventional crank-connecting rod mechanism. In the calculations and analysis, a two-stage brake air compressor model with a conventional crank-connecting rod mechanism commonly used in heavy-duty vehicles was used. The new design features a shorter connecting rod, a rod integrated with the piston pin and a linear bearing fixed to the block, which reduces lateral friction. With the calculations performed, the mechanisms were compared in terms of piston position, velocity, acceleration and piston lateral forces and verified with FEA models. In the new mechanism, it was determined that the leaning force at the piston-cylinder interface increased with the effect of increasing connecting rod angle due to the lower connecting rod / crank ratio, but the friction force decreased by approximately 92% compared to the conventional system due to the low friction coefficient of the linear bearing.

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