Politeknik Dergisi 2147-9429 Gazi Üniversitesi 10.2339/politeknik.627825 Engineering Mühendislik Nesnelerin İnterneti (IoT) ve Kablosuz Algılayıcı Ağların Güvenliğine Yapılan Saldırıların Tespit Edilmesi ve Önlenmesi Detection and Prevention of Attacks on the Internet of Things (IoT) and Wireless Sensor Networks https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5019-3574 Taş Oğuzhan https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0354-9344 Kiani Farzad İSTANBUL AREL ÜNİVERSİTESİ 03 01 2021 24 1 219 235 10 01 2019 03 10 2020 Copyright © 1998, Politeknik Dergisi 1998 Politeknik Dergisi

IoT (Internet of Things) ya da diğer adıyla Nesnelerin İnterneti kavramı,internete bağlanan ve diğer cihazlarla iletişimde olan her nesneyikapsamaktadır. Artık hayatımızın bir parçası haline gelecek otonom araçlar,akıllı buzdolabılar, akıllı çamaşır makineleri, akıllı tost makineleri, akıllısaatler gibi birçok IoT cihazı birbiriyle farklı kablosuz ağ teknolojilerini kullanarakhaberleşebilirler. IoT cihazların birçok kritik alanda kullanılmasıylabirlikte IoT güveniğine karşı yapılan saldırılar artmıştır. Bu saldırılar IoT katmanlarına yapılarak veri gizliliği,veri bütünlüğü, veri tazeliği, veri erişilebilirliği, kimlik doğrulama gibikriterler ihlal edilebilmektedir. Bu saldırıları önlemek amacıyla birçokgüvenlik çözümü önerilmiştir, fakat sınırlı enerji, kısıtlı batarya süresi, zayıf işlemci gücü vesınırlı hafıza gibi sınırlamalardan dolayı düşük güçlü IoT cihazlar üzerinde gelenekselgüvenlik yöntemlerinin uygulanması mümkün değildir. Bu çalışmada, IoTcihazların güvenliğini tehdit eden saldırılar incelenerek, ağ katmanlarına göredetaylı şekilde sınıflandırılmış ve savunmateknikleri önerilmiştir.

Internet of Things (IoT)covers every object that connects to the Internet and communicates with otherdevices. Many IoT devices, such as autonomous vehicles, smart refrigerators,smart washing machines, smart toasters, smart watches that can become part ofour lives and they can communicate with each other using different wirelessnetwork technologies. Because of using IoT devices in many critical areas,attacks against IoT security have increased. By making these attacks on IoTlayers, criteria such as data privacy, data integrity, data freshness, dataaccessibility and authentication can be violated. Some security solutions have beenproposed to prevent these attacks, but it is not possible to apply traditionalsecurity methods on low-power IoT devices due to some constraints such aslimited energy, limited battery time, limited computational power and limitedmemory. In this paper, attacks that threaten the security of IoT devices areexamined and classified according to network layers and defense techniques areproposed.

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