The Effects of Indoor Environment Color on Cardiovascular Fitness in Healthy Young Adults

Deniz Kaan Yazıcı; Janset Alpay; Batuhan Şahin; Mehmet Berberoglu; Mustafa Söğüt

doi:10.54141/psbd.1869320

The Effects of Indoor Environment Color on Cardiovascular Fitness in Healthy Young Adults

Abstract

Color plays an important role in human perception, and lighting conditions in indoor environments may influence perceptual and physiological responses. Recently, the potential effects of environmental factors such as room lighting on physical performance and training outcomes have received increasing attention. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the effects of indoor environment color on cardiovascular fitness. Thirteen healthy young adults (6 females, 7 males; mean age: 24.38 ± 3.13 years) participated in the study. Participants were randomly assigned to four experimental conditions and completed four separate measurement sessions. Each session was conducted under a different indoor environment color (fluorescent, red, green, and blue) while participants performed the standard Bruce Protocol on a treadmill. Heart rate recovery was recorded at 1-, 2-, 3-, and 5-minute post-exercise. Anthropometric measurements (height, body mass, and body fat percentage) were obtained prior to the first session. The results indicated that illumination color had no statistically significant effect on recovery heart rates (p > .05), with small effect sizes across conditions (η²p range = .019–.091). These findings suggest that the color of the indoor environment alone may not substantially influence cardiovascular responses during submaximal treadmill exercise. However, the observed tendencies may provide practical considerations for designers and exercise professionals when planning indoor sports and training environments.

Keywords

References

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Exercise Physiology, Sports Science and Exercise (Other)

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Deniz Kaan Yazıcı ^*
0009-0009-1066-1092
Türkiye

Janset Alpay
0009-0009-5372-7936
Türkiye

Batuhan Şahin
0000-0001-7121-5568
Türkiye

Mehmet Berberoglu
0000-0003-4592-7419
Türkiye

Mustafa Söğüt
0000-0003-1826-8235
Türkiye

Early Pub Date

July 16, 2026

Publication Date

-

Submission Date

January 22, 2026

Acceptance Date

April 16, 2026

Published in Issue

Year 2026 Number: Advanced Online Publication

DOI

https://doi.org/10.54141/psbd.1869320

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA34XH73JL

Cite

RIS / Bibtex

APA

Yazıcı, D. K., Alpay, J., Şahin, B., Berberoglu, M., & Söğüt, M. (2026). The Effects of Indoor Environment Color on Cardiovascular Fitness in Healthy Young Adults. Pamukkale Journal of Sport Sciences, Advanced Online Publication. https://doi.org/10.54141/psbd.1869320

AMA

1.Yazıcı DK, Alpay J, Şahin B, Berberoglu M, Söğüt M. The Effects of Indoor Environment Color on Cardiovascular Fitness in Healthy Young Adults. Pamukkale J Sport Sci. 2026;(Advanced Online Publication). doi:10.54141/psbd.1869320

Chicago

Yazıcı, Deniz Kaan, Janset Alpay, Batuhan Şahin, Mehmet Berberoglu, and Mustafa Söğüt. 2026. “The Effects of Indoor Environment Color on Cardiovascular Fitness in Healthy Young Adults”. Pamukkale Journal of Sport Sciences, no. Advanced Online Publication. https://doi.org/10.54141/psbd.1869320.

EndNote

Yazıcı DK, Alpay J, Şahin B, Berberoglu M, Söğüt M (July 1, 2026) The Effects of Indoor Environment Color on Cardiovascular Fitness in Healthy Young Adults. Pamukkale Journal of Sport Sciences Advanced Online Publication

IEEE

[1]D. K. Yazıcı, J. Alpay, B. Şahin, M. Berberoglu, and M. Söğüt, “The Effects of Indoor Environment Color on Cardiovascular Fitness in Healthy Young Adults”, Pamukkale J Sport Sci, no. Advanced Online Publication, July 2026, doi: 10.54141/psbd.1869320.

ISNAD

Yazıcı, Deniz Kaan - Alpay, Janset - Şahin, Batuhan - Berberoglu, Mehmet - Söğüt, Mustafa. “The Effects of Indoor Environment Color on Cardiovascular Fitness in Healthy Young Adults”. Pamukkale Journal of Sport Sciences. Advanced Online Publication (July 1, 2026). https://doi.org/10.54141/psbd.1869320.

JAMA

1.Yazıcı DK, Alpay J, Şahin B, Berberoglu M, Söğüt M. The Effects of Indoor Environment Color on Cardiovascular Fitness in Healthy Young Adults. Pamukkale J Sport Sci. 2026. doi:10.54141/psbd.1869320.

MLA

Yazıcı, Deniz Kaan, et al. “The Effects of Indoor Environment Color on Cardiovascular Fitness in Healthy Young Adults”. Pamukkale Journal of Sport Sciences, no. Advanced Online Publication, July 2026, doi:10.54141/psbd.1869320.

Vancouver

1.Deniz Kaan Yazıcı, Janset Alpay, Batuhan Şahin, Mehmet Berberoglu, Mustafa Söğüt. The Effects of Indoor Environment Color on Cardiovascular Fitness in Healthy Young Adults. Pamukkale J Sport Sci. 2026 Jul. 1;(Advanced Online Publication). doi:10.54141/psbd.1869320