Research Article

FROM BORDER DISPUTES TO CONFLICT:THE ARMENIA -GEORGIA WAR (1918)

Number: 54 October 27, 2026

FROM BORDER DISPUTES TO CONFLICT:THE ARMENIA -GEORGIA WAR (1918)

Abstract

Özet Kafkasya, tarih boyunca jeopolitik konumu ve zengin yer altı kaynakları nedeniyle büyük güçlerin sürekli ilgisini çeken bir bölge olmuş ve bu durum onu sıklıkla askeri ve siyasi çatışmaların merkezine yerleştirmiştir. Özellikle 1917 Ekim Devrimi sonrasında Rusya İmparatorluğu’nun dağılmasıyla bölgede yeni siyasi aktörler ortaya çıkmış ve bu aktörler arasındaki güç mücadelesi, çeşitli savaşlara zemin hazırlamıştır. Bu bağlamda, 1918 yılı Ekim-Aralık ayları arasında Ermenistan ile Gürcistan arasında yaşanan savaş, dönemin en dikkat çekici bölgesel çatışmalarından biridir. Ermeni Taşnak yönetimi, Osmanlı ordusunun Mondros Mütarekesi sonrası bölgeden çekilmesiyle oluşan otorite boşluğunu değerlendirmiş; komşu halkların topraklarını hedef alan yayılmacı politikalarını hayata geçirmiştir. Savaşın temel nedeni, Taşnakların maksimalist toprak talepleri ve bu talepler doğrultusunda uygulamaya koyduğu saldırgan stratejilerdir. Ancak bu yaklaşım, hem Ermenistan’ın bölgedeki diplomatik yalnızlığını artırmış hem de ciddi insani kayıplara neden olmuştur. Ermenistan, savaş sürecinde ekonomik ve toplumsal açıdan derin bir çöküş yaşamış; gıda, ilaç ve temel yaşam malzemelerine erişim büyük ölçüde imkânsız hâle gelmiştir. Ülkede adeta bir insani felaket yaşanmıştır. Büyük Britanya’nın bölgeye müdahalesi, Ermenistan’ın yıkımdan kurtulmasında belirleyici olmuş; savaşın durdurulmasıyla birlikte kısa süreli bir denge sağlanabilmiştir. Bu savaş, Ermeni milliyetçiliğinin militarist ve bölücü karakterini anlamak açısından tarihsel bir örnek teşkil etmektedir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Transkafkasya, Gürcistan, Ermenistan, Gürcistan-Ermenistan Savaşı, Taşnak Hükümeti. Abstract Throughout history, the Caucasus region has attracted sustained interest from major powers due to its strategic geopolitical location and abundant natural resources. This persistent attention has often placed the region at the center of military and political conflicts. Following the collapse of the Russian Empire after the October Revolution of 1917, new political actors emerged in the region, and the ensuing power struggle among them laid the groundwork for several armed conflicts. In this context, the war between Armenia and Georgia from October to December 1918 stands out as one of the most notable regional confrontations of the period. The Armenian Dashnak government sought to exploit the power vacuum created by the withdrawal of Ottoman forces after the Armistice of Mudros, pursuing expansionist policies that targeted the territories of neighboring peoples. The primary cause of the conflict was the Dashnaks’ maximalist territorial demands and their aggressive strategies aimed at realizing these ambitions. However, this approach not only deepened Armenia’s diplomatic isolation in the region but also resulted in severe humanitarian consequences. During the war, Armenia experienced a profound economic and social collapse, with access to food, medicine, and basic necessities becoming nearly impossible. The country faced what can only be described as a humanitarian catastrophe. British intervention in the region played a decisive role in preventing Armenia’s total devastation, and a temporary balance was achieved following the cessation of hostilities. This war serves as a historical case study for understanding the militaristic and divisive nature of Armenian nationalism. Keywords: Transcaucasia, Georgia, Armenia, Georgian-Armenian War, Dashnak Government

Keywords

Supporting Institution

no

Project Number

111

Ethical Statement

All kinds of research conducted with qualitative or quantitative approaches that require data collection from participants using questionnaires, interviews, focus group work, observation, experimentation, interview techniques.

Thanks

Prof. Dr. Ali Asker, Dr. Teoman Ertuğrul Tulun, Prof. Dr. Guram Markhulia

References

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  4. Çaycıoğlu, Serdar Oğuzhan. Russia’s Caucasus Policy: The Period of General Paskevich’s Command (1827–1831). Ph. D. Thesis, Istanbul: Marmara University Institute of Turkish Studies, 2018.
  5. Həsənli, Cəmil. The Foreign Policy of the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic (1918–1920). Vol. 1, Baku: Garisma, 2009, 33.
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  7. Kazemzadeh, Firuz. *The Struggle for Transcaucasia (1917–1921)*. New York: Philosophical Library, 1951.
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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Political History (Other)

Journal Section

Research Article

Publication Date

October 27, 2026

Submission Date

July 3, 2025

Acceptance Date

October 10, 2026

Published in Issue

Year 2026 Number: 54

APA
Salimov, M. (2026). FROM BORDER DISPUTES TO CONFLICT:THE ARMENIA -GEORGIA WAR (1918). Review of Armenian Studies, 54. https://doi.org/10.54842/ras.1733881
AMA
1.Salimov M. FROM BORDER DISPUTES TO CONFLICT:THE ARMENIA -GEORGIA WAR (1918). RAS. 2026;(54). doi:10.54842/ras.1733881
Chicago
Salimov, Mehdi. 2026. “FROM BORDER DISPUTES TO CONFLICT:THE ARMENIA -GEORGIA WAR (1918)”. Review of Armenian Studies, nos. 54. https://doi.org/10.54842/ras.1733881.
EndNote
Salimov M (October 1, 2026) FROM BORDER DISPUTES TO CONFLICT:THE ARMENIA -GEORGIA WAR (1918). Review of Armenian Studies 54
IEEE
[1]M. Salimov, “FROM BORDER DISPUTES TO CONFLICT:THE ARMENIA -GEORGIA WAR (1918)”, RAS, no. 54, Oct. 2026, doi: 10.54842/ras.1733881.
ISNAD
Salimov, Mehdi. “FROM BORDER DISPUTES TO CONFLICT:THE ARMENIA -GEORGIA WAR (1918)”. Review of Armenian Studies. 54 (October 1, 2026). https://doi.org/10.54842/ras.1733881.
JAMA
1.Salimov M. FROM BORDER DISPUTES TO CONFLICT:THE ARMENIA -GEORGIA WAR (1918). RAS. 2026. doi:10.54842/ras.1733881.
MLA
Salimov, Mehdi. “FROM BORDER DISPUTES TO CONFLICT:THE ARMENIA -GEORGIA WAR (1918)”. Review of Armenian Studies, no. 54, Oct. 2026, doi:10.54842/ras.1733881.
Vancouver
1.Mehdi Salimov. FROM BORDER DISPUTES TO CONFLICT:THE ARMENIA -GEORGIA WAR (1918). RAS. 2026 Oct. 1;(54). doi:10.54842/ras.1733881