The Relativity Of Self-Determination Conceptions Regarding The Nagorno- Karabakh Conflict

Year 2020, Issue: 41, 77 - 106, 28.07.2020

Deniz Akçay Translator: Center For Eurasian Studies Avim

Abstract

The fact that Nagorno-Karabakh is under the sovereignty of the Republic of Azerbaijan is accepted undisputedly not only in the framework of the Alma-Ata Declaration but was also accepted during the examination of the memberships of Azerbaijan and Armenia to the United Nations. In addition, the four resolutions of the UN Security Council adopted in 1993, embracing the same approach, highlighted that the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict shall be resolved in accordance with the principles of territorial integrity and inviolability of borders of Azerbaijan.

The Minsk Group, which was established within the OSCE in 1996, has focused on the self-determination formula since 1998 to submit recommendations on this issue. However, the implementation of the Resolution 1514(XV) on the granting of independence to colonial countries and peoples is legally impossible in this case, since Nagorno-Karabakh is under the sovereignty and within the territorial integrity of a State and it is not considered as a “colonial country”.

Moreover, it is also impossible to implement the articles of the UN General Assembly Resolution 2625(XXV) regarding the self-determination in case of the non-existence of widespread human rights violations and oppressions.

On the other hand, the Chiragov judgement of the ECHR established that self-determination cannot not be introduced as a realistic settlement formula with regards to Nagorno-Karabakh, which is under the military, political, and economic influence of Armenia.

Keywords

Territorial Integrity, Self-determination, UN Security Council, Resolution 2625(XXV), Resolution 1514(XXV), Chiragov judgement

Dağlık Karabağ Uyuşmazlığında Self-Determinasyon Tezlerinin Göreceliği

Abstract

Dağlık Karabağ’ın Azerbaycan Cumhuriyeti’nin egemenliği altında bulunduğu gerek Alma Ata Bildirisi çerçevesinde, gerek Azerbaycan ile Ermenistan’ın Birleşmiş Milletler’e üyeliklerinin incelenmesi kapsamında itirazsız kabul edilmiştir. BM Güvenlik Konseyi’nin 1993 yılında kabul ettiği dört karar da aynı yaklaşımı benimseyerek, Dağlık Karabağ uyuşmazlığının Azerbaycan’ın ülke bütünlüğü ve sınırlarının dokunulmazlığı ilkelerine uygun biçimde çözümlenmesi gerektiğini vurgulamıştır.

Bu konuda, önerilerde bulunmak üzere, 1996’da AGİT çerçevesinde oluşturulan Minsk Grubu, 1998’den itibaren self-determinasyon formülü üzerine odaklanmıştır. Ancak, bir devletin egemenliği ve ülke bütünlüğü ile bağlantılı olan ve ayrıca, sömürge statüsünde olmayan Dağlık Karabağ açısından bir uyuşmazlıkta, BM Genel Kurulu’nun sömürge rejimlerinin sona erdirilmesine ilişkin 1514(XV) sayılı Bildirisi’nin uygulanması hukuken mümkün değildir.

Ayrıca, yaygın insan hakları ihlalleri ve baskılarının söz konusu olmadığı durumlarda, BM Genel Kurulu’nun 2625(XXV) sayılı Bildirisi’ndeki self-determinasyonla ilgili maddelerinin de uygulanması mümkün değildir.

Öte yandan, AİHM’nin Chiragov kararı da self-determinasyonun Ermenistan’ın askerî, siyasi ve ekonomik nüfuzu altında bulunan Dağlık Karabağ açısından gerçekçi bir çözüm oluşturamayacağını ortaya koymuştur.

Keywords

Ülke Bütünlüğü, Self-determinasyon, BM Güvenlik Konseyi, 2625(XXV) sayılı Bildiri, 1514(XXV) sayılı Bildiri, Chiragov Kararı

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