Meslek yüksek okulu öğrencilerinin ruhsal durum algıları ile müzik tercihlerinin incelenmesi

Abstract

Bu araştırma, Meslek Yüksekokulu öğrencilerinin ruhsal durum algılarının değerlendirilip, öğrencilerin mevcut ruhsal durumlarını ortaya koymak suretiyle ruhsal semptom taraması yapılması ve müzik tercihlerinin ruhsal durumlarına nasıl etki ettiğini belirlemek için yapılmıştır. Tanımlayıcı kesitsel nitelikli araştırmanın evrenini, Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa Üniversitesi Pazar Meslek Yüksekokulunda 2016-2017 güz yarıyılında okuyan öğrenciler oluşturmaktadır. Örneklem hesabına gidilmemiş olup araştırmaya katılmayı kabul eden 198 öğrencinin katılımıyla (ulaşma oranı %80.2) çalışma gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmaya katılan öğrencilerin %73.7’si kadın, %26.3’ü erkek olup yaş ortalaması 19.7±2.2 yıldır. Ruhsal problem varlığı bulunan öğrenci oranı %57.1’dir. Katılımcıların GSI puan ortalamasına göre ruhsal problem varlığı bulunan alt gruplar arasında ilk üç sırada obsesif kompulsif, paranoid düşünceler ve kişiler arası duyarlılık bozuklukları bulunmuştur. Cinsiyet, yaşanılan yer ve ekonomik durum ile bazı SCL 90 alt grup puanları arasında istatistiki anlamlılık düzeyinde farklılaşma vardır. Öğrencilerin dinledikleri müzikler arasında ilk üç sırada pop müzik, arabesk ve halk müziği olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Buna istinaden ülkemiz üniversitelerinin de düzenli olarak ruhsal semptom tarama çalışmalarının yapılarak, müziğinde olumlu etkilerinden yararlanmak suretiyle disiplinler arası çalışmalar ve eylem planları oluşturması önerilmektedir.

Keywords

• SCL-90R
• Müzik Tercihi
• Üniversite Öğrencileri
• Ruhsal Durum
• Müzik Dinleme Tercihleri

Examination of the vocational high school students’ perceptions of psychological status and music preference

Abstract

This research was carried out to evaluate the mental state perceptions of Vocational School students, to conduct a screening of psychological symptoms by revealing the current mental states of the students, and to determine how their music preferences affect their mental state. The universe of the descriptive cross-sectional research consists of students studying at Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa University Pazar Vocational School in the fall semester of 2016-2017. Sample calculations were not made, but the study was carried out with the participation of 198 students who agreed to participate in the research (80.2% of the achievement rate). A questionnaire containing questions about the socio-demographic characteristics and music preferences of the students and the Psychological Symptom Screening Scale (SCL 90-R) were used as data collection tools. Ethics committee permission was obtained from Erciyes University Non-Clinical Research Ethics Committee and institutional permission from TOGU University Pazar Vocational School to conduct the study. 73.7% of the students participating in the study were female and 26.3% were male, with a mean age of 19.7±2.2 years. The rate of students with mental problems is 57.1%. Obsessive-compulsive, paranoid thoughts and interpersonal sensitivity disorders were found in the first three ranks among the subgroups with mental problems according to the GSI mean score of the participants. There is a statistically significant relationship between gender, place of residence and economic status and some SCL-90 subgroup scores. It has been determined that pop music, arabesque and folk music are in the first three places among the music that the students listen to. There is a statistically significant relationship between students’ liking to listen to music and somatization and anxiety subgroups. There was a statistically significant correlation between the frequency of listening to music and the phobic anxiety subgroup (p<0.05). Those who listen to heavy rhythm music have more somatization than those who listen to tempo music, with a subgroup score higher than 1 at the statistical significance level (p<0.05). According to the psychological symptom screening results of Vocational School students, the rate of mental problems is quite high. It has been determined that some socio-demographic characteristics and music preferences affect their mental states. Based on this, it is recommended that our country’s universities should regularly carry out psychological symptom screening studies and create interdisciplinary studies and action plans by taking advantage of the positive effects of their music.

Keywords

• SCL-90R
• Music Preference
• University Students
• Psychology of Music
• Music Listening Preferences

References

1. 1. Hargreaves DJ, North AC. The Social Psychology of Music. New York: Oxford University Press; 2009.
2. 2. North AC, Hargreaves DJ, Hargreaves JJ. Uses of Music in Everyday Life. Music Percept. 01 Eylül 2004;22(1):41-77.
3. 3. Rentfrow PJ. The Role of Music in Everyday Life: Current Directions in the Social Psychology of Music. Soc Personal Psychol Compass. 01 Mayıs 2012;6(5):402-16.
4. 4. Greb F, Schlotz W, Steffens J. Personal and situational influences on the functions of music listening: Psychol Music [Internet]. 24 Ağustos 2017 [a.yer 20 Aralık 2021]; Erişim adresi: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0305735617724883
5. 5. Kuntsche E, Mével LL, Berson I. Development of the four-dimensional Motives for Listening to Music Questionnaire (MLMQ) and associations with health and social issues among adolescents: Psychol Music [Internet]. 12 Ocak 2015 [a.yer 20 Aralık 2021]; Erişim adresi: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0305735614562635
6. 6. North AC, Hargreaves DJ, O’Neill SA. The importance of music to adolescents. Br J Educ Psychol. Haziran 2000;70:255-72.
7. 7. DSÖ. Dünya Sağlık Örgütü [Internet]. 2021 [a.yer 21 Aralık 2021]. Erişim adresi: https://www.who.int
8. 8. Şenel O. Müzik tercihinin karmaşık arka planı. Uluslararası Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi. 2014;7(30):213-27.

9. 9. Rentfrow PJ, McDanald JA, Oldmeadow JA. You are what you listen to: Young people’s stereotypes about music fans. - PsycNET [Internet]. APA PsycNET. 2009 [a.yer 19 Aralık 2021]. Erişim adresi: https://psycnet.apa.org/record/2009-07622-004
10. 10. Rentfrow PJ, Gosling SD. The do re mi’s of everyday life: The structure and personality correlates of music preferences. J Pers Soc Psychol. 2003;84(6):1236-56.
11. 11. Baker F, Bor W. Can music preference indicate mental health status in young people? Australas Psychiatry Bull R Aust N Z Coll Psychiatr. 2008;16(4):284-8.
12. 12. Şenel O. Müzik Tercihi Ve Sosyal Kimlik İlişkisi - The Relatıonshıp Between Musıc Preference And Socıal Identıty. 2014;
13. 13. Erdal B. Müzik Tercihi ve Kişilik İlişkisi. Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi. 2010;33(2):188-96.
14. 14. Rentfrow PJ, Mcdonald JA. Preference, Personality, and Emotion [Internet]. Handbook of Music and Emotion: Theory, Research, Applications. Oxford University Press; 2009 [a.yer 19 Aralık 2021]. Erişim adresi: https://oxford.universitypressscholarship.com/view/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199230143.001.0001/acprof-9780199230143-chapter-24
15. 15. Konečni V. 17 – Social Interaction and Musical Preference. undefined [Internet]. 1982 [a.yer 19 Aralık 2021]; Erişim adresi: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/17-%E2%80%93-Social-Interaction-and-Musical-Preference-Kone%C4%8Dni/800d7d5ed7f1305181e13e3d632c482e60fc9221
16. 16. Sezer F. The effects of music on anger and psychological symptoms. J Hum Sci. 19 Nisan 2011;8(1):1472-93.
17. 17. Güner N. Ergenlerin Dinledikleri Müzik Türü İle Saldırganlık Düzeyleri Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi. İçinde: Ergenlerin Dinledikleri Müzik Türü İle Saldırganlık Düzeyleri Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi [İnternet]. Konya; 1998 [a.yer 19 Aralık 2021]. s. 291-9. Erişim adresi: https://tez.yok.gov.tr/UlusalTezMerkezi/tezDetay.jsp?id=2bbAzIpTCYFUd_gu1cU9UQ&no=2bbAzIpTCYFUd_gu1cU9UQ
18. 18. Yağışan N. Musical Preferences of University Students and the Correlation Of These Preferences with Aggressiveness. SED J Art Educ [İnternet]. 13 Kasım 2013 [a.yer 19 Aralık 2021];1(2). Erişim adresi: http://dergipark.gov.tr/doi/10.7816/sed-01-02-07
19. 19. Juslin PN, Liljeström S, Västfjäll D, Barradas G, Silva A. An experience sampling study of emotional reactions to music: Listener, music, and situation. Emotion. 2008;8(5):668-83.
20. 20. Sittler MC, Worschech F, Wilz G, Fellgiebel A, Wuttke-Linnemann A. Psychobiological mechanisms underlying the health-beneficial effects of music in people living with dementia: A systematic review of the literature. Physiol Behav. 01 Mayıs 2021;233:113338.
21. 21. Soysal F. Listening To Foreign (Popular)1 Music: Research On The Music Preferences Of 11-13 Age Group Children in Turkey. RHESL. 2012;5(16):79-90.
22. 22. Barsky AJ, Peekna HM, Borus JF. Somatic symptom reporting in women and men. J Gen Intern Med. 01 Nisan 2001;16(4):266-75.
23. 23. Lei X, Liu C, Jiang H. Mental health of college students and associated factors in Hubei of China. PLOS ONE. 02 Temmuz 2021;16(7):e0254183.
24. 24. Zhang J, Zhang X. Chinese college students’ SCL-90 scores and their relations to the college performance. Asian J Psychiatry. 01 Nisan 2013;6(2):134-40.
25. 25. Auerbach RP, Mortier P, Bruffaerts R. WHO World Mental Health Surveys International College Student Project: Prevalence and distribution of mental disorders. - PsycNET. Journal of Abnormal Psychology [Internet]. 2018 [a.yer 21 Aralık 2021];127(7). Erişim adresi: https://psycnet.apa.org/doiLanding?doi=10.1037%2Fabn0000362
26. 26. Alonso J, Mortier P, Auerbach RP, Bruffaerts R, Vilagut G, Cuijpers P, vd. Severe role impairment associated with mental disorders: Results of the WHO World Mental Health Surveys International College Student Project. Depress Anxiety. 01 Eylül 2018;35(9):802-14.
27. 27. Auerbach RP, Alonso J, Axinn WG, Cuijpers P, Ebert DD, Green JG, vd. Mental disorders among college students in the World Health Organization World Mental Health Surveys. Psychol Med. Ekim 2016;46(14):2955-70.
28. 28. Bruffaerts R, Mortier P, Kiekens G, Auerbach RP, Cuijpers P, Demyttenaere K, vd. Mental health problems in college freshmen: Prevalence and academic functioning. J Affect Disord. 01 Ocak 2018;225:97-103.
29. 29. Shang Y. An Evaluation System For The Influence Of Modern Pop Music Teaching On Students’ Psychology in New Media Environment. Rev Argentİna Clin Psicol. 2020;29(1):1064-9.
30. 30. Sezer F. Öfke ve psikolojik belirtiler üzerine müziğin etkisi. 2011;22.