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            <front>

                <journal-meta>
                                    <journal-id></journal-id>
            <journal-title-group>
                                                                                    <journal-title>Resilience</journal-title>
            </journal-title-group>
                                        <issn pub-type="epub">2602-4667</issn>
                                                                                            <publisher>
                    <publisher-name>Eskişehir Teknik Üniversitesi</publisher-name>
                </publisher>
                    </journal-meta>
                <article-meta>
                                        <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32569/resilience.1391398</article-id>
                                                                <article-categories>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="en">
                                                            <subject>Emergency Medicine</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="tr">
                                                            <subject>Acil Tıp</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                    </article-categories>
                                                                                                                                                        <title-group>
                                                                                                                        <trans-title-group xml:lang="tr">
                                    <trans-title>Afetlerde sağlık diplomasisi, uluslararası halk sağlığı politikaları ve iklime dayanıklı şehirler için model geliştirme</trans-title>
                                </trans-title-group>
                                                                                                                                                                                                <article-title>Paving the complex path to building climate resilient cities through disaster health diplomacy and international public health policy</article-title>
                                                                                                    </title-group>
            
                                                    <contrib-group content-type="authors">
                                                                        <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                    <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">
                                        https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4965-9231</contrib-id>
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Tunalıgıl (md, Mph, Phd)</surname>
                                    <given-names>Verda</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>TR MoH Health Directorate of Istanbul | T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı İstanbul İl Sağlık Müdürlüğü</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                                                </contrib-group>
                        
                                        <pub-date pub-type="pub" iso-8601-date="20240628">
                    <day>06</day>
                    <month>28</month>
                    <year>2024</year>
                </pub-date>
                                        <volume>8</volume>
                                        <issue>1</issue>
                                        <fpage>31</fpage>
                                        <lpage>43</lpage>
                        
                        <history>
                                    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="20231115">
                        <day>11</day>
                        <month>15</month>
                        <year>2023</year>
                    </date>
                                                    <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="20240528">
                        <day>05</day>
                        <month>28</month>
                        <year>2024</year>
                    </date>
                            </history>
                                        <permissions>
                    <copyright-statement>Copyright © 2017, Resilience</copyright-statement>
                    <copyright-year>2017</copyright-year>
                    <copyright-holder>Resilience</copyright-holder>
                </permissions>
            
                                                                                                <trans-abstract xml:lang="tr">
                            <p>Afetlerde dirençlilik, toplumun olağan dışı durumlara direnme/uyum sağlama/atlatabilme yeteneklerini tanımlar. Sendai Afet Risklerini Azaltma Çerçeve Belgesi 2015 afet risklerini azaltmadaki öncelikleri ve eylem planlarını ana hatlarıyla sunmaktadır. Afet diplomasisi, hızla büyüyen disiplinler arası bir alandır. Doğal afetler, çatışan devletler arasında, diplomatik etkileşim fırsatları doğurur. İklim krizi, tüm dünyada büyümektedir. Dünya çapında en sıcak yaz, 2023 yılında kaydedildi. Paris Antlaşması 2015, önemli bir dönüm noktasıydı. Birleşmiş Milletler tarafından, “evrensel afet hakları beyannamesi” önerilmektedir. İklim değişikliğinin insan sağlığı üzerinde, yaygın etkileri vardır. “Yirmi birinci yüzyılın, en büyük sağlık tehdidi” olan iklim değişikliği, sağlığın sosyo çevresel belirleyicilerini, temiz hava/su/yiyecek/barınmayı etkiler. Afetlerin %90’ı iklim/hava durumuyla bağlantılıdır; son on yılda 410.000&#039;den fazla ölümle sonuçlanmıştır; 2030 2050&#039;de yetersiz beslenme/sıtma/ishal/sıcaklık stresinden, yılda 250.000 ek ölüme neden olması beklenmektedir. Uluslararası Kızılay Kızılhaç Dernekleri Federasyonu, “sahiplenme/toplum liderliği/sosyal yardımlar/finansman/öngörülebirlik” odaklı eylemlerin güçlendirilmesi yönünde önerilerde bulunmaktadır. Yaklaşmakta olan iklim krizlerinin, erken uyarıları “flashpoints” olarak adlandırılır. Türkiye ve Yunanistan&#039;ın iklim değişikliği/afetlere dayanıklılık açısından pek çok ortak noktası bulunmaktadır. Son on yılda art arda yaşanan depremler, iki ülke arasında kurtarma müdahalelerine/karşılıklı yardımlaşmalara/artan sempatiye neden oldu. Aşırı hava olayları/artan sıcaklıklar/şiddetli yağışlar, her iki ülkeyi etkilemeye devam ediyor. Küresel ısınma, Güneydoğu Avrupa/Güneybatı Asya&#039;da yoğun sel/orman yangınlarına yol açıyor. İklim değişikliğinin Akdeniz Havzasında oluşturduğu karmaşık mekanizmaların, insan göçünün en önemli itici gücü olması bekleniyor. Yunanistan küresel iklim krizi karşısında, mevcut göç politikalarını sürdürmekte zorlanabilir. Çevresel değişimin insan sağlığı üzerinde potansiyel olumsuz etkileri vardır. Uluslararası ilişkilerde sağlık diplomasisi sağlığın/refahın korunması için çalışır. Geçmişte, dış politika olarak, “sağlık müdahalelerinin, diplomatik afet çabalarıyla ilişkilendirilemeyeceği” bildirilmişti. Bu sözlü sunumda, daha önceki görüşlere karşı kanaat bildirilmektedir. Afetlere karşı dayanıklılık kapasitelerini geliştirmek amacıyla, yeni bir “iklim değişikliği sağlık diplomasi modeli” önerilmektedir. Dünya genelinde sağlık çalışanları, kendilerine özgü/evrensel bir dil kullanmaktadırlar. &quot;Çıkarları olağan durumlarda çatışan” ülkelerin, doğal afetler karşısında, dayanışma içinde oldukları gözlemlenmektedir. Afet riskleri/sağlık diplomasisi/iklim değişikliği konularında, “sürdürülebilir iş birliği ilkelerinin” detaylandırılması yoluyla, uluslararası ilişkilerde, dünya ülkelerine hizmet edecek bir “afet sağlık diplomasi modeli” geliştirilebilir. Bu amaçla, 1  mevcut afet diplomasisi çabaları kapsamında, iletişim yollarının açıkça tanımlanması, 2  risklerin, afet diplomasisi planına dahil edilmesi, 3  “afetlerde sağlık” konularında, iyi planlanmış bir anlaşma zemininin açıkça tanımlanabilmesi için, öneri taslağı sunulmaktadır. Türk atasözünde olduğu gibi, “HER İŞİN BAŞI SAĞLIK”.</p></trans-abstract>
                                                                                                                                    <abstract><p>Disaster resilience defines society’s capabilities to resist/adapt/recover from hazardous  events. Priorities  for  action were outlined at the Sendai  Framework  for  Disaster  Risk  Reduction to reduce disaster risks by understanding the process, strengthening governance, investing in resilience, improving preparedness/effective  response  capacities/rehabilitation  processes/reconstruction  procedures. Disaster diplomacy is a fast  growing interdisciplinary field. Natural  disasters potentially generate opportunities for diplomatic  interaction between rival  parties/conflicting  states. Climate  crisis is growing. By large, Summer  2023 was globally the warmest on record. The 2015  Paris  Agreement was a landmark; UNOHCHR proposes a universal decleration of disaster rights. Climate  change has widespread impacts on human  health. “The greatest  health  threat of the 21stcentury” affects socio  environmental  determinants  of  health, clean  air/water/food/shelter. Ninety  percent of all disasters are climate/weather  related, resulting in &amp;gt;410,000deaths in the last decade, expected to cause 250,000 additional deaths/year from malnutrition/malaria,/diarrhoea/heat stress in 2030  2050. IFRC focuses on strengthening ownership/community  leadership/outreach/funding/forecasting/anticipatory  action. Climate  related  flashpoints are the early warnings of impending crises. Turkey  Greece have a lot  in  common from a climate  change/disaster  resilience viewpoint. Successive  earthquakes generated rescue  responses/mutual  aid/outpouring  of  sympathy between the two countries within the last decade. Extreme weather events, high temperatures, severe rainfalls continue to batter both countries. Global  warming  brought intense flooding/wildfires to Southeast  Europe/Southwest  Asia. Climate  change is expected to become the strongest driver of human  migration through complex mechanisms in the  Mediterranean  Basin. The sustainability of Greece’s migration  policies may be challenged against the global  climate  crisis. Environmental  change has potential impacts on human health. Health  diplomacy in international relations focuses on protecting health/well  being. In the past, health  interventions as foreign  policy were regarded not  to  be  associated with diplomatic  disaster  efforts. This oral  presentation challenges earlier opinions and proposes a “climate  change  health  diplomacy  model” for improving capacities in disaster  resilience. Around the world, health  care  professionals speak a unique/universal language of their own. Countries with “otherwise  conflicting  interests,” stand in solidarity during natural  disasters. Through further elaborating on the principles of sustainable  collaboration on disaster  risks/health  diplomacy/climate  change, a “first  time  disaster  health  diplomacy  model” may be developed to serve the world. An outline is hereby presented, 1   to define paths  of  communication versus the current ad  hoc  disaster  diplomacy  efforts, 2   to incorporate risks into the disaster diplomacy plan, 3   to incorporate a well  planned disaster  health  diplomacy  agreement. As the Turkish saying goes, “HEALTH COMES FIRST”.</p></abstract>
                                                            
            
                                                                                        <kwd-group>
                                                    <kwd>climate change</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  adaptation</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  health resilience</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  political science</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  international relations</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC)</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  United Nations Human Rights Office of the High Commissioner (OHCHR)</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                            
                                                <kwd-group xml:lang="tr">
                                                    <kwd>iklim değişikliği</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  uyum</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  sağlıkta dayanıklılık</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  siyaset bilimi</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  uluslararası ilişkiler</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Uluslararası Kızılhaç ve Kızılay Dernekleri Federasyonu (IFRC)</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Birleşmiş Milletler İnsan Hakları Yüksek Komiserliği (OHCHR)</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                                                                                                                                    <funding-group specific-use="FundRef">
                    <award-group>
                                                    <funding-source>
                                <named-content content-type="funder_name">YOK</named-content>
                            </funding-source>
                                                                            <award-id>YOK</award-id>
                                            </award-group>
                </funding-group>
                                </article-meta>
    </front>
    <back>
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