İkinci Küçük Azı Dişi Eksikliğinde Pedodontik Yaklaşım

Abstract

Diş eksikliği, insanlarda çok yaygın görülen kraniyofasial malformasyondur. İkinci küçük azı eksikliği, üçüncü büyük azı dişi eksikliğinden sonra en sık karşılaşılan durumdur. İkinci küçük azı dişleri oklüzyonu sağlamada önemli bir rol oynamakta ve bu dişlerin eksikliği çeşitli sorunlara neden olabilmektedir. Retine süt ikinci azı dişi varlığında ve konjenital ikinci küçük azı dişi eksikliğinde çeşitli tedavi alternatifleri uygulanmaktadır: Süt ikinci azı dişin korunması ve restoratif tedavisi, birinci azı dişin sürmesinden önce süt ikinci azı dişinin çekilmesi ile spontan boşluk kapatılması süt ikinci azı dişinin kontrollü kesimi ve hemiseksiyon ile boşluk kapatılması, süt ikinci azı dişinin çekimini takiben ortodontik olarak boşluğun kapatılması, ototransplantasyon, implant uygulaması, geleneksel sabit köprü uygulaması, rezin bağlı köprü uygulaması. Uzun vadede en iyi sonuçları verecek tedavi planının seçimi oldukça önemlidir. Tedavi planlaması sırasında süt ikinci azı dişinin durumu, hastanın yaşı, maloklüzyonun düzeltilmesi için yer gereksinimi, yüz profili, hastanın tedavi tercihi ve tedavi süresi gibi çeşitli faktörler göz önünde bulundurulmalıdır. Bu derlemede ikinci küçük azı dişi eksikliği ile ilgili tedavi planlamaları incelenerek optimal ağız sağlığı ve fonksiyonu sağlamak için uygulanan çeşitli stratejilere odaklanılmaktadır.

Keywords

• Hipodonti
• ikinci küçük azı
• konjenital diş eksikliği

A Pedodontic Approach to Second Premolar Agenesis in Children

Abstract

Tooth agenesis is a very common craniofacial malformation in humans. Second molar agenesis is the most common condition after third molar agenesis. Second premolars play an important role in maintaining occlusion, and their absence may cause various problems. Various treatment alternatives are applied in the presence of retained deciduous second molars and congenital second premolar agenesis: Preservation and restorative treatment of the deciduous second molar, spontaneous space closure by extraction of the deciduous second molar before the eruption of the first molar, space closure with controlled slicing and hemisection of the deciduous second molar, orthodontic space closure following extraction of the deciduous second molar, autotransplantation, implant replacement, conventional fixed bridge and resinbonded bridge. It is critical to choose the treatment plan that will give the best results in the long term. During treatment planning, various factors such as the condition of the deciduous second molar, the age of the patient, the space requirement for correction of the malocclusion, the facial profile, the patient's treatment preference and the duration of treatment should be taken into consideration. In this review, treatment planning for second premolar agenesis will be analysed, focusing on various strategies to ensure optimal oral health and function.

Keywords

• Hypodontia
• congenital missing teeth
• second premolar

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