Yeni Çalışmalar Işığında Hypericum Türlerinin Farmakolojik Aktiviteleri

Abstract

Hypericaceae familyasına ait Hypericum türleri, özellikle en çok bilinen tür olan Hypericum perforatum, tüm dünyada en çok kullanılan tıbbi bitkilerdendir. Son yıllarda H. perforatum içeren ürün sayısı tüm dünyada ciddi oranda artmıştır.1 H. perforatum türünün özellikle yara iyi edici ve antidepresan özellikleri nedeniyle antik çağlardan beri kullanıldığına, hatta Ortaçağ Avrupası’nda kutsal kabul edildiğine ve birçok dini ritüelin parçası olduğuna dair kanıtlar mevcuttur.2 Türkçe’ de en bilinen ismi “Sarı Kantaron” olan bitki, yurt dışında “St. John’s Wort” ismiyle tanınmaktadır. Hypericum türlerinin kimyasal bileşenleri ve biyolojik aktiviteleri üzerinde çok sayıda çalışma yapılmıştır. Buna göre, H. perforatum türünün majör aktif bileşikleri bir floroglusinol türevi olan hiperforin ve bir naftodiantron bileşiği olan hiperisindir. Bitkide bunun yanında flavonoitler, fenolik asitler, tanenler, uçucu yağlar, ksanton bileşikleri gibi başka çeşitli biyolojik aktif maddeler de bulunmaktadır.3 Bugüne dek, Hypericum türlerinin birçok farklı farmakolojik etkisi kayıt altına alınmıştır. Bu çalışma; Hypericum türlerinin antidepresan etkisi, yara iyi edici etkisi, antienflamatuar etkisi, antioksidan etkisi, antimikrobiyal etkisi, nörodejeneratif hastalıklar üzerine etkisi, sitotoksik etkisi, analjezik ve antinosiseptif etkisi gibi önemli bazı etkileri ile ilgili yapılan güncel çalışmaları özet olarak sunmaktadır. 

Keywords

• Hypericum,Sarı Kantaron,Biyolojik Aktivite

Pharmacological Acti̇vi̇ti̇es of Hypericum Species in Light of New Studies

Abstract

The Hypericum species that belong to the family Hypericaceae, especially the most common Hypericum perforatum, are presently one of the most consumed medicinal plants in the world. In recent years, the use of products containing H. perforatum has increased dramatically all over the world.1 There is evidence that H. perforatum has been used for its wound healing and antidepressant effects since ancient times and was even believed to be “sacred” and was a part of religious rituals in medieval Europe.2 H. perforatum is known as “sarı kantaron” in Turkish, whereas the most common name in other countries is “St. John’s Wort”. Numerous studies have been conducted on the chemical constituents and biological activities of the Hypericum species. The major active constituents are considered to be hyperforin which is a phloroglucinol derivative, and hypericin, a naphthodianthrone compound. Furthermore, other biologically active constituents, such as flavonoids, phenolic acids, tannins, volatile compounds and xanthones are also present in the plant extracts.3 Several pharmacological activities of the Hypericum species have been documented so far. The present study gives a summary of the most recent studies related to some important properties, including its antidepressant effect, wound-healing effect, anti-inflammatory effect, antioxidant effect, antimicrobial effect, effects on neurodegenerative disorders, cytotoxic effect, analgesic, and antinociceptive effect. 

Keywords

• Hypericum,St. John’s Wort,Biological Activity

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