COVID-19 and Child

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 3 Sayı: S1, 40 - 48, 15.05.2020

Mehpare Sarı Yanartaş Selda Hançerli Törün

Öz

The novel Coronavirus disease 2019 is originated from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (COVID-19), which is a member of Betacoronavirus. COVID-19 was detected in large group of patients with acute respiratory failure syndrome in Wuhan, China in December 2019. Coronaviruses were isolated from several hosts including mice, chickens, pigs, dogs, cats, bats, rabbits, horses, cattle and humans. The virus may be transmitted by droplet, aerosolation and contact. Whether the transition of virus from mother to baby during pregnancy is uncertain. Common symptoms of infection are fever, cough, and dyspnea. The severity of disease could differentiate from asymptomatic to severe acute respiratory syndrome. The patients indicated for hospitalization are under one year old infants or children with chronic lung disease (asthma), cardiovascular disease and immunosuppressed children. Poor prognostic criteria are determined as; lymphocyte count is <800 / µl or CRP> 40 mg / l or ferritin> 500ng / ml or D-Dimer> 1000 ng / ml. Computed tomography may be helpful for making diagnosis and differential diagnosis. Typical radiological signs of COVID-19 pneumonia are interstitial inflammation, widespread consolidation, unilateral or bilateral patchy involvement, ground-glass opacities. There may be peripheral and subpleural involvement. Blocking the virus is one of the most restrictive points of treatment due to its large RNA, several repetitive parts, and usage of different receptors in different types.

Anahtar Kelimeler

COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, child

COVID-19 ve Çocuk

Öz

Yeni Koronavirüs 2019 hastalığı Betakoronavirus ailesinden şiddetli akut solunum yetmezliği koronavirus 2 (COVID-19) virüsünden kaynaklanmaktadır. COVID-19 hastalığı Çin, Wuhan’da büyük bir grup hastada görülen akut solunum yolu yetmezliği sendromu ile belirlenmiştir. Koronovirüsler fareleri, tavukları, hindileri, domuzları, köpekleri, kedileri, yarasaları, tavşanları, atları, sığırları ve insanları içine alan geniş birçok konak grubundan izole edilmiştir. İnsanlardaki CoV’un ana bulaş şekilleri damlacık enfeksiyonu, aerosolizasyon ve enfeksiyon nakletme özelliği olan eşyalarladır. Virüsün gebelikte anneden bebeğe geçip geçmediği belirsizdir. Enfeksiyonun yaygın belirtileri solunum semptomları, ateş, öksürük ve dispnedir. İnsanlarda koronavirüs enfeksiyonu asemptomatik olabileceği gibi ağır akut solunum sendromuna kadar değişkenlik gösterebilmektedir. Hastanede yatış gereken hastaların çoğunlukla bir yaş altı süt çocuğu olduğu ve eşlik eden hastalıklar olarak da çoğunlukla kronik akciğer hastalığı (astım), kardiyovasküler hastalık ve immunsüprese çocuklar olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Belirlenen kötü prognostik kriterler; lenfosit sayısı <800/ µl veya CRP>40 mg/l veya ferritin >500ng/ml veya D-Dimer>1000 ng/ml’dır. Bilgisayarlı Tomografi tanı koymada veya ayırıcı tanıda yardımcı olabilir. COVID-19 pnömonisinin tipik radyolojik bulguları interstisyel inflamasyon, yaygın konsolidasyon, tek taraflı veya bilateral yamasal tutulum ve buzlu cam opasiteleridir. Periferal ve subplevral tutulum olabilir. Büyük bir RNA’ya sahip olması, tekrarlayan kısımları fazla olması ve farklı türlerde farklı reseptörleri kullanması nedeni ile virüsü bloke etmek tedavinin en kısıtlayıcı noktalarındandır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, çocuk

Kaynakça

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