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ARRHYTHMIAS DEVELOPING DURING ACUTE RHEUMATIC FEVER: A LONG-TERM SINGLE CENTRE EXPERIENCE

Year 2025, Volume: 8 Issue: 1, 21 - 26, 04.03.2025
https://doi.org/10.26650/JARHS2025-1623143

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence, types, and clinical significance of arrhythmias observed during acute rheumatic fever (ARF) episodes and their association with the severity of carditis in a single centre paediatric cohort.

Material and Methods: A retrospective review of medical records from 118 patients diagnosed with ARF based on the revised Jones criteria was performed. Electrocardiograms (ECGs) recorded during the acute phase were analysed for arrhythmias, including atrioventricular (AV) blocks, supraventricular and ventricular arrhythmias, and conduction disturbances. Patients were stratified into mild-moderate and severe carditis groups. Statistical analyses were conducted using SPSS 26.0, with p-values<0.05 considered significant.

Results: Among the 118 patients (mean age 10.5±1.7 years; 55% female), 51.6% exhibited first-degree AV block. The other arrhythmias included second-degree AV block (4.2%), complete AV block (0.8%), supraventricular tachycardia (0.8%), non-sustained ventricular tachycardia (0.8%), and junctional rhythm (1.7%). Supraventricular and ventricular extrasystoles were identified in 4.2% and 5.9% of the patients, respectively. Most arrhythmias occurred in the mild-to-moderate carditis group and resolved spontaneously or with minimal intervention. No arrhythmias were associated with mortality or long-term complications.

Conclusion: Arrhythmias during ARF are relatively uncommon but may reflect myocardial inflammation. While typically benign and self-limiting, vigilant monitoring is essential for timely management. Further research is needed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and optimise treatment strategies for arrhythmias in ARF.

References

  • Lahiri S, Sanyahumbi A. Acute Rheumatic Fever. Pediatr Rev 2021;42(5):221-32. google scholar
  • Agnew J, Wilson N, Skinner J, Nicholson R. Beyond first-degree heart block in the diagnosis of acute rheumatic fever. Cardiol Young 2019;29(6):744-8. google scholar
  • Karacan M, Işıkay S, Olgun H, Ceviz N. Asymptomatic rhythm and conduction abnormalities in children with acute rheumatic fever: 24-hour electrocardiography study. Cardiol Young 2010;20(6):620-30. google scholar
  • Balli S, Oflaz MB, Kibar AE, Ece I. Rhythm and conduction analysis of patients with acute rheumatic fever. Pediatr Cardiol 2013;34(2):383-9. google scholar
  • Clarke M, Keith JD. Atrioventricular conduction in acute rheumatic fever. Br Heart J 1972;34(5):472-9. google scholar
  • Cristal N, Stern J, Gueron M. Atrioventricular dissociation in acute rheumatic fever. Br Heart J 1971;33(1):12-5. google scholar
  • Parkinson J, Gosse AH, Gunson EB. The heart and its rhythm in acute rheumatism. QJ Med 1920;13:363-79. google scholar
  • Ceviz N, Celik V, Olgun H, Karacan M. Accelerated junctional rhythm in children with acute rheumatic fever: is it specific to the disease? Cardiol Young 2014;24(3):464-8. google scholar
  • Zalzstein E, Maor R, Zucker N, Katz A. Advanced atrioventricular conduction block in acute rheumatic fever. Cardiol Young 2003;13(6):506-8. google scholar
  • Carano N, Bo I, Tchana B, Vecchione E, Fantoni S, Agnetti A. Adams-Stokes attack as the first symptom of acute rheumatic fever: report of an adolescent case and review of the literature. Ital J Pediatr 2012;38:61. google scholar
  • Iqbal M, Sukmadja A, Syafitri R, Karwiky G, Achmad C. Bidirectional ventricular tachycardia in rheumatic fever reactivation. Int Res J Med Med Sci 2018;6(4):120-3. google scholar
  • Ramoğlu MG, Epçaçan S, Yeşilbaş O. Acute rheumatic fever presenting with severe endocarditis involving four valves, and ventricular tachycardia Cardiol Young 2019;29(1):78-81. google scholar
  • Granier M, Massin F, Pasquie JL. Pro- and anti-arrhythmic effects of anti-inflammatory drugs. Antiinflamm Antiallergy Agents Med Chem 2013;12(1):83-93. google scholar

AKUT ROMATİZMAL ATEŞ ATAĞI SIRASINDA GELİŞEN ARİTMİLER: UZUN DÖNEM TEK MERKEZ DENEYİMİ

Year 2025, Volume: 8 Issue: 1, 21 - 26, 04.03.2025
https://doi.org/10.26650/JARHS2025-1623143

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışma, akut romatizmal ateş (ARA) sırasında gelişen aritmilerin prevalansını, türlerini ve klinik önemini değerlendirmeyi ve bu aritmilerin kardit şiddetiyle ilişkisini incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır.

Gereç ve Yöntemler: Revize edilmiş Jones kriterlerine göre ARA tanısı konulan 118 hastanın tıbbi kayıtları retrospektif olarak incelendi. Akut dönemde kaydedilen elektrokardiyogramlar (EKG) atriyoventriküler (AV) bloklar, supraventriküler ve ventriküler aritmiler ile iletim bozuklukları açısından değerlendirildi. Hastalar hafif-orta ve şiddetli kardit gruplarına ayrıldı. İstatistiksel analizler SPSS 26.0 kullanılarak yapıldı ve p < 0.05 anlamlı kabul edildi.

Bulgular: Çalışmaya dahil edilen 118 hastanın (ortalama yaş 10,5±1,7 yıl; %55’i kız) %51,6’sında birinci derece AV blok tespit edildi. Diğer aritmiler arasında ikinci derece AV blok (%4,2), tam AV blok (%0,8), supraventriküler taşikardi (%0,8), “non-sustained” ventriküler taşikardi (%0,8) ve “junctio nal” ritim (%1,7) yer aldı. Supraventriküler ve ventriküler ekstrasistol ise sırasıyla %4,2 ve %5,9 hastada saptandı. Aritmilerin büyük çoğunluğu hafif-orta kardit grubunda görüldü ve genellikle spontan olarak veya mini mal müdahale ile düzeldi. Aritmilere bağlı ölüm veya uzun dönem kompli kasyon bildirilmedi.

Sonuç: ARA sırasında gelişen aritmiler nadir görülmekle birlikte, miyokar diyal inflamasyonu yansıtabilir. Genellikle iyi huylu ve kendiliğinden düze len bu durumların zamanında tanınması ve izlenmesi önemlidir. ARA’da aritmilerin altında yatan mekanizmaların ve tedavi yaklaşımlarının optimi ze edilmesi için daha fazla araştırmaya ihtiyaç vardır.

References

  • Lahiri S, Sanyahumbi A. Acute Rheumatic Fever. Pediatr Rev 2021;42(5):221-32. google scholar
  • Agnew J, Wilson N, Skinner J, Nicholson R. Beyond first-degree heart block in the diagnosis of acute rheumatic fever. Cardiol Young 2019;29(6):744-8. google scholar
  • Karacan M, Işıkay S, Olgun H, Ceviz N. Asymptomatic rhythm and conduction abnormalities in children with acute rheumatic fever: 24-hour electrocardiography study. Cardiol Young 2010;20(6):620-30. google scholar
  • Balli S, Oflaz MB, Kibar AE, Ece I. Rhythm and conduction analysis of patients with acute rheumatic fever. Pediatr Cardiol 2013;34(2):383-9. google scholar
  • Clarke M, Keith JD. Atrioventricular conduction in acute rheumatic fever. Br Heart J 1972;34(5):472-9. google scholar
  • Cristal N, Stern J, Gueron M. Atrioventricular dissociation in acute rheumatic fever. Br Heart J 1971;33(1):12-5. google scholar
  • Parkinson J, Gosse AH, Gunson EB. The heart and its rhythm in acute rheumatism. QJ Med 1920;13:363-79. google scholar
  • Ceviz N, Celik V, Olgun H, Karacan M. Accelerated junctional rhythm in children with acute rheumatic fever: is it specific to the disease? Cardiol Young 2014;24(3):464-8. google scholar
  • Zalzstein E, Maor R, Zucker N, Katz A. Advanced atrioventricular conduction block in acute rheumatic fever. Cardiol Young 2003;13(6):506-8. google scholar
  • Carano N, Bo I, Tchana B, Vecchione E, Fantoni S, Agnetti A. Adams-Stokes attack as the first symptom of acute rheumatic fever: report of an adolescent case and review of the literature. Ital J Pediatr 2012;38:61. google scholar
  • Iqbal M, Sukmadja A, Syafitri R, Karwiky G, Achmad C. Bidirectional ventricular tachycardia in rheumatic fever reactivation. Int Res J Med Med Sci 2018;6(4):120-3. google scholar
  • Ramoğlu MG, Epçaçan S, Yeşilbaş O. Acute rheumatic fever presenting with severe endocarditis involving four valves, and ventricular tachycardia Cardiol Young 2019;29(1):78-81. google scholar
  • Granier M, Massin F, Pasquie JL. Pro- and anti-arrhythmic effects of anti-inflammatory drugs. Antiinflamm Antiallergy Agents Med Chem 2013;12(1):83-93. google scholar
There are 13 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Pediatric Cardiology
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Serra Karaca 0000-0001-5421-0191

Kemal Nişli 0000-0001-9085-9852

Publication Date March 4, 2025
Submission Date January 20, 2025
Acceptance Date February 10, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 8 Issue: 1

Cite

MLA Karaca, Serra and Kemal Nişli. “ARRHYTHMIAS DEVELOPING DURING ACUTE RHEUMATIC FEVER: A LONG-TERM SINGLE CENTRE EXPERIENCE”. Journal of Advanced Research in Health Sciences, vol. 8, no. 1, 2025, pp. 21-26, doi:10.26650/JARHS2025-1623143.