Sanat ve Tasarım Dergisi 2146-9059 2146-9059 Anadolu Üniversitesi 10.20488/sanattasarim.971660 MODERNİTEYE KARŞIT POSTMODERNİTE: KENT PARKLARININ TASARIM KALİTESİNİN AHS İLE DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ MODERNITY VS. POSTMODERNITY: ASSESSING THE DESIGN QUALITY OF URBAN PARKS BY AHP https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9636-1406 Kutay Karaçor Elif DÜZCE ÜNİVERSİTESİ https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9754-7552 Uzun Yüksel Kıymet DÜZCE ÜNİVERSİTESİ https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8988-7100 Şenik Berfin DÜZCE ÜNİVERSİTESİ 07 09 2021 11 1 63 72 03 12 2020 11 06 2020 Copyright © 2011, Sanat ve Tasarım Dergisi 2011 Sanat ve Tasarım Dergisi

Fiziksel mekanların algısal tasarım kalitesi son yıllarda literatürde giderek daha fazla çalışılmaktadır. Ancak, farklı dönemlerde inşa edilen kent parklarının tasarım kalitesinin bugün nasıl algılandığı konusunda peyzaj mimarlığı alanındaki çalışmalar yetersiz kalmaktadır. Bu çalışma, modern ve postmodern tasarımları yansıtan kentsel parkları tasarım kalite kriterleri açısından karşılaştırmayı amaçlamaktadır. Bu bağlamda, Prospect Park ve Parc des Buttes-Chaumont modern dönem parkları ile Millennium Park ve Parc de la Villette postmodern dönem parkları için 4 sübjektif tasarım kalite kriteri (imgelenebilirlik, okunabilirlik, canlılık, çeşitlilik) değerlendirilmiştir. Tasarım kriterlerinin ve kent parklarının seçiminde uzman görüşüne başvurulmuştur. Modern ve postmodern dönem parklarını karşılaştırmak için Analitik Hiyerarşi Süreci’ne başvurulmuş ve Expert Choice yazılımı kullanılmıştır. Bu çalışmada 4 kent parkı alternatif, 4 tasarım kalitesi ise kriter olarak tanımlanmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular, postmodern tasarım çizgisini yansıtan kent parklarının daha yüksek kaliteli algılandığını ortaya koymuştur. Ayrıca, tasarım kriterleri arasında en fazla öne çıkan kriter “imgelenebilirlik” olarak bulunmuştur. Bu çalışma, farklı dönemlerdeki kent parklarının tasarım kalitesinin karşılaştırılmasına algısal açıdan katkı sağlamaktadır.

The perceptual design quality of physical spaces has been increasingly studied in the literature in recent years. However, the studies in the field of landscape architecture are insufficient about how the design quality of urban parks built in different periods is perceived today. This study aims to compare urban parks that reflect modern and postmodern designs in terms of design quality criteria. In this context, 4 subjective design quality criteria (imageability, legibility, vitality, diversity) were evaluated for Prospect Park and Parc des Buttes-Chaumont modern period parks, and Millennium Park and Parc de la Villette postmodern period parks. Expert opinion was consulted in design criteria and selection of city parks. Analytic Hierarchy Process was used to compare modern and postmodern period parks and Expert Choice software was used. In this study, 4 urban parks were defined as alternatives and 4 design qualities were defined as criteria. The results revealed that the designs of the city parks reflect the postmodern design line that perceived with higher quality. Besides, the most prominent criterion among the design criteria was found as Imageability. This study makes a perceptual contribution to the comparison of the design quality of urban parks of different periods.

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