Sanat, Siyasal Propaganda Ve Aktivizm

Öz

Bu makalede propagandist sanatýn aktivist sanata dönüþümünün tartýþýlmasý amaçlanmaktadýr. Propaganda siyasal söylemin temel kavramlarýndan biridir. Izleyici kitlesine kitle iletiþim araçlarý ile iletilmekle birlikte, tarihin erken dönemlerinden baþlayarak, antik devletlerin bile hem kendi halkýna, hem de düþmanlarýna gücünü göstermenin bir yolu olarak sanatý kullanmýþtýr. Bu makalede Birinci ve Ýkinci Dünya Savaþý öncesi ve sonrasýnda Almanya, Sovyetler Birliði ve Amerika Birleþik Devletleri’nde üretilmiþ kimi tipik örnekler aracýlýðýyla konu irdelenecektir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Propaganda
• Sanat
• Aktivizm
• Aktivist Sanat.

Art, Political Propaganda and Activism

Öz

This paper aims to discuss the transformation of propagandist art into an activist one. Propaganda has been one of the major concepts of political discourse. Though it is mostly conveyed to the audience through mass media, from the early beginnings of history, even the ancient states made use of various channels to convey their power and strength to both their citizens and the rival states through art. In this paper, exemplary art works, which were produced before and after World War I and II in Germany, Soviet Russia and USA, will be studied and demonstrated their sphere of infl uence.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Propaganda
• Art
• Activism
• Activist Art.

Kaynakça

1. Becker, Carol. (1994). The Subversive Imagination: The Artist, Society and Social Responsibility. London: Routledge.
2. Berlin, Isaiah. (2004). The Soviet Mind: Russian Culture Under Communism.
3. Washington D.C.: Brookings Institution Press.
4. Chakrabor, James. (2000). German Architecture for a Mass Audience. London: Spon Press.
5. Clark, Toby. (1997). Art and Propaganda in the Twentieth Century. New York: Harry Abrams.
6. Cunningham, Lawrence S., John J. Reich. (2005). Culture and Values. New York: Thomson Wadsworth.
7. Cuomo, Glenn R., (Ed.). (1999). National Socialist Cultural Policy. London: Palgrave Macmillan.
8. Dotson, Edisol W. (1999). Behold th Man: The Hype and Selling of Male Beauty. New York: Haworth Press.

9. Edelman, Murray. (1996). From Art to Politics: How Artistic Creations Shape Political Conceptions. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
10. Evans, Jane DeRose. (1992). The Art of Persuasion. Michigan: University of Michigan Press.
11. Greenberg, Reesa, Bruce W. Ferguson. (1996). Thinking About Exhibitions. London: Routledge.
12. Gutkin, Irina. (1997). The cultural Origins of the Socialist Realist Aesthetics: 1890-1934.
13. Chicago: Northwestern University Press.
14. Hoffmann, Hilmar. (1997). The Triumph of Propaganda: Film and National Socialism, 1933-1945. New York: Berghahn Books.
15. Hopkins, David. (2000). After Modern Art, 1945-2000. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
16. Johnson, Abby Arthur. (1991). Propaganda and Aesthetics. Massachussets: University of Massachussets Press.
17. Neumaier, Diane. (2004). Beyond Memory: Soviet Nonconformist Photography and Photo-Related Works of Art. New Jersey: Rutgers University Press.
18. Nijman, Elisabeth. (2004). The Concept of International Legal Personality. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
19. Oguibe, Olu. (2004). The Culture Game. Minneasota: University of Minnesota Press.
20. Öndin, Nilüfer. (2003). Cumhuriyet’in Kültür Politikasý ve Sanat. Ýstanbul: Ýnsancýl Yayýnlarý.
21. Roberts, John. (1998). The Art of Interruption: Realism, Photography, and the Everyday. Manchester: Manchester University Press.
22. Steinweis, Alan E. (1996). Art, Ideology, and Economics in Nazi Germany: The Reich Chambers of Music. London: Routledge.
23. Sumner, Colin. (1997). Violence, Culture and Censure. London: Routledge.
24. Welch, David. (2002). The Third Reich: Politics and Propaganda. London: Routledge.