Postpartum Dönemde Uygulanan Farkındalık ve Merhamet Temelli Ebeveynlik Müdahaleleri: Derleme

Abstract

Amaç: Postpartum dönem, ebeveynler ile bebekleri arasında gelişen etkileşimlerin kalitesini etkileyebilecek müdahaleleri kapsarken, bebek gelişimini yavaşlatabilecek, ebeveyn ruh sağlığıyla birlikte ebeveyn bebek bağlanmasını olumsuz etkileyebilecek çeşitli psikolojik ve duygusal güçlükleri de içermektedir. Farkındalık ve şefkat temelli ebeveynlik müdahaleler, birbiriyle uyum içinde etkileşime destek olan ebeveynlik becerileri geliştirmelerine ve bu hassas dönemde bebeğin doğumuyla başlayan ebeveynlik rolüne daha iyi uyum sağlamalarına yardımcı olmakta ve ebeveynlerin sosyal, fiziksel ve ruhsal durumları üzerinde pozitif etkileri bulunmaktadır. Bu müdahaleler kapsamında postpartum dönemde dahil olmak üzere erken ebeveynlik sürecinde anne-baba-bebek ilişkilerini ebeveynlik becerilerini ve kalitesini olumlu yönde geliştirmek için faydalı görünen farklı terapötik teknikleri kullanılmaktadır. Yöntem: Derleme türündeki bu makalede Türkçe ve İngilizce “postpartum”, “farkındalık temelli ebeveynlik” ve “merhamet temelli ebeveynlik” anahtar kelimeleri kullanılarak Google Scholar, Pubmed, Science Direct ve Ulakbim veri tabanları taranmıştır. Mart 2013 - Mart 2023 tarihleri arasında ulusal ve uluslararası dergilerde yayınlanmış çalışmalar değerlendirilmiştir. Bulgular: Literatür incelemesi sonucunda, farkındalık ve merhamet temelli ebeveynlik müdahaleleri; ebeveynlerin, ebeveynlik sürecinde düşüncelerini ve duygularını daha iyi aktarmalarına, aktarımların düzenlemelerine, yeni edindikleri ebeveynlik rol ve sorumluluklarını yerine getirmelerine imkân veren, bu rol sorumlulukları geliştirilebilen ve bebekle güvenli bağlanma kurulmasına katkı sağlayan koruyucu beceriler olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Sonuç: Farkındalık ve şefkat temelli ebeveynlik müdahaleleri, sağlıklı ve güvenli ebeveynlik becerilerini pozitif yönde etkilemekte postpartum dönemde ebeveyn-bebek bağlanmasının yanı sıra ebeveyn bebek ilişkilerinin kalitesini artırabilmektedir.

Keywords

• Postpartum dönem
• farkındalık temelli ebeveynlik
• merhamet temelli ebeveynlik
• ebeveynlik müdahalesi

Mindfulness and Compassion-Based Parenting Interventions in the Postpartum Period: Review

Abstract

Objective: While the postpartum period includes interventions that may affect the quality of interactions between parents and their babies, it also includes various psychological and emotional difficulties that may slow down baby development and negatively affect parental mental health and attachment to the baby. Mindfulness and compassion-based parenting and interventions help them develop parenting skills that support harmonious interaction with each other and better adapt to the parenting role that begins with the birth of the baby in this sensitive period, and have positive effects on the social, physical and mental states of the parents. Within the scope of these interventions, different therapeutic techniques are used that seem useful to positively improve parenting skills and quality of parent-infant relationships during the early parenting process, including the postpartum period. Methods: In this review article, Google Scholar, Pubmed, Science Direct and Ulakbim databases were searched using “postpartum”, “mindful parenting”, and “compassionate parenting” as keywords in Turkish and English. Studies published in national and international journals between March 2013 and March 2023 were evaluated. Results: As a result of the literature review, compassion-based and mindfulness parenting interventions; It is defined as protective skills that allow parents to better convey their thoughts and feelings during the parenting process, to regulate transfers, to fulfill their newly acquired parenting roles and responsibilities, which can be improved and contribute to the establishment of a secure attachment with the baby. Conclusion: Mindfulness and compassion-based parenting interventions positively affect healthy and safe parenting skills and can improve parent-infant attachment and the quality of their relationships with each other in the postpartum period.

Keywords

• Postpartum period
• mindful parenting
• compassion-based parenting
• parenting intervention

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