The Effect of Long-Term Heavy Smoking on Gingival Crevicular Fluid IL-4 levels

Yıl 2012, Cilt: 3 Sayı: 2, 69 - 76, 22.10.2012

Prof. Dr. Fatma Kırzıoğlu Doç. Dr. Zuhal Yetkin Ay Yrd. Doç. Dr. Medine Cumhur Cüre Doç. Dr. Recep Sütçü Doç. Dr. Reha Demirel

Öz

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of long-term and heavy smoking on the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) interleukin–4 (IL-4) levels in chronic periodontitis patients.
Methods: The study population included 126 non-smoker (NS) and long-term and heavy smoker (S) chronic periodontitis patients and 17 non-smoker healthy controls (C). The NS and S groups were divided into three subgroups according to the probing depth (PD) categories: a: PD ≤ 3 mm, b: PD= 4-5 mm, c: PD > 5 mm. For each individual, clinical data were recorded.
Results: All of the NS subgroups had higher IL–4 concentrations than the C group (p<0.05). But in the S a- and b-subgroups, lower IL–4 levels were found than that in the C group (p<0.05). The NS a- and b-subgroups showed significant negative correlations between IL–4 and gingival inflammation symptoms (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Our study has supported that long-term and heavy smoking impairs the immune response in periodontitis patients.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Interleukin–4, gingival crevicular fluid, periodontitis, smoking

Uzun dönem aşırı sigara kullanımının kronik periodontitisli bireylerde dişeti oluğu sıvısı interlökin 4 düzeylerine etkisi

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı uzun dönem aşırı sigara kullanımının kronik periodontitis hastalarında dişeti oluğu sıvısı (DOS) interlökin (IL)-4 düzeylerine etkisini belirlemekti. Yöntem ve Gereç: Çalışma popülasyonu sigara içmeyen (S-), uzun dönem aşırı sigara içen (S+) 126 kronik periodontitisli ve 17 sağlıklı kontrol (K) bireyden oluştu. Sigara içen ve içmeyen gruplar cep derinliği (CD) kategorilerine göre üçer alt gruba (a: CD ≤ 3 mm, b: CD= 4-5 mm, c: CD > 5 mm) ayrıldı. Bireylerden klinik ölçümler kaydedildi.
Bulgular: Sigara içmeyen tüm S- alt gruplarında K grubuna göre DOS IL–4 düzeyleri yüksekti (p<0.05). Ancak DOS IL–4 düzeyleri S+a ve S+b alt gruplarında K grubuna göre anlamlı derecede düşük bulundu (p<0.05). Dişeti inflamasyon belirteçleri ve IL–4 düzeyleri arasındaki korelasyonlar S-a ve S-b alt gruplarında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı ve negatifti (p<0.05).
Sonuçlar: Çalışmamızın sonuçları uzun dönemli aşırı sigara kullanımının periodontitisli bireylerde immün cevapta bazı bozulmalara yol açabileceğini desteklemektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

İnterlökin–4, dişeti oluğu sıvısı, periodontitis, sigara kullanımı

Kaynakça

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