sdü tıp fak derg Medical Journal of Süleyman Demirel University 2602-2109 Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi 10.17343/sdutfd.757320 Health Care Administration Sağlık Kurumları Yönetimi THE EVALUATION OF INTERNET USAGE HABITS AND POSSIBLE INTERNET ADDICTION AND CYBERBULLYING-VICTIMIZATION LEVELS OF SELF-DESTRUCTIVE ADOLESCENTS KENDİNE ZARAR VEREN ERGENLERİN İNTERNET KULLANIM ALIŞKANLIKLARI İLE OLASI İNTERNET BAĞIMLILIĞI VE SİBER ZORBALIK-MAĞDURİYET DÜZEYLERİNİN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3082-4428 Aktepe Evrim SÜLEYMAN DEMİREL ÜNİVERSİTESİ, TIP FAKÜLTESİ, DAHİLİ TIP BİLİMLERİ BÖLÜMÜ, ÇOCUK VE ERGEN RUH SAĞLIĞI HASTALIKLARI ANABİLİM DALI https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7504-5604 Kocaman Orhan Kütahya Evliya Çelebi Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi Çocuk ve Ergen Psikiyatrisi Bölümü https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4079-1009 Özyay Eroğlu Funda Mehmet Akif Inan Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi Çocuk ve Ergen Psikiyatrisi Bölümü, Şanlıurfa https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5064-7353 Özen Emel Isparta Şehir Hastanesi, Çocuk ve Ergen Psikiyatrisi Bölümü https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8059-7975 Sönmez Yonca AKDENİZ ÜNİVERSİTESİ, TIP FAKÜLTESİ, DAHİLİ TIP BİLİMLERİ BÖLÜMÜ, HALK SAĞLIĞI ANABİLİM DALI https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0028-0327 Eroğlu Yüksel BAYBURT ÜNİVERSİTESİ, BAYBURT EĞİTİM FAKÜLTESİ 06 15 2021 28 2 255 262 06 24 2020 08 13 2020 Copyright © 1994, Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi 1994 Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi

This study aimed to evaluate internet usage habitsand possible internet addiction and the cyberbullying-victimization levels of adolescents who werefound to engage in self-destructive behaviors.Material and MethodsThis was a case-control study. This study includeda total of 206 adolescents between 14 and 18 yearsand they were examined under two groups as ‘self-destructive adolescents’ (n= 103) and ‘Control’ (n=103). The Self-Harm Behavior Questionnaire (SHBQ)was administered to 14- to 18-year-old adolescentsadmitted to our outpatient clinic. Then The InternetUsage Form (IUF), Internet Addiction Inventory (IAI),and Cyber Victim and Bullying Scale (CVBS) wereadministered to both groups.ResultsThe case group was found to use significantly moresocial networking sites, chatrooms, shopping websites,and instant messaging sites. The case group wasdetermined to use the internet significantly more toestablish communication and to access the internetsignificantly more every day. When the total scoresand subscale scores of CVBS of the groups wereexamined, the case group was determined to havesignificantly higher scores. The case group was foundto be significantly more possible internet addicts andto display significantly more risky internet behaviors.ConclusionsThe self-destructive adolescents in our study whouse the internet in risky ways and are at risk for internetaddiction show that this group is vulnerable tothe dangers of the virtual world. Taking this into consideration,examining the internet usage habits of self-destructive adolescents who are assessed in AdolescentMental Health Clinics would be a preventiveapproach.

AmaçBu çalışma kendine zarar verme davranışında bulunanergenlerin internet kullanım alışkanlıklarını veolası internet bağımlılığı ile siber zorbalık-mağduriyetdüzeylerini değerlendirmeyi amaçlamıştır.Gereç ve YöntemBu bir olgu kontrol çalışmasıydı. Bu çalışma “kendinezarar veren ergenler” (n = 103) ve “Kontrol” (n = 103)olmak üzere iki grup altında incelenen 14-18 yaşlarıarasındaki toplam 206 ergeni kapsamaktadır. Polikliniğimizebaşvuran 14-18 yaş arası ergenlere KendineZarar Verme Davranışı Anketi uygulandı. Dahasonra her iki gruba İnternet Kullanım Formu, İnternetBağımlılığı Envanteri ve Siber Mağdur ve Zorbalık Ölçeği(CVBS) uygulandı.BulgularOlgu grubunun sosyal paylaşım sitelerini, sohbet odalarını,alışveriş sitelerini ve anlık mesajlaşmayı sağlayansiteleri anlamlı oranda daha fazla kullandıklarısaptanmıştır.. Olgu grubunun interneti anlamlı orandadaha fazla iletişim kurmak için kullandığı ve anlamlıoranda daha fazla haftanın her günü internete girdikleribelirlenmiştir. Grupların siber mağdur ve zorbalıkölçeği toplam puanları ve alt ölçek puanlarına bakıldığındaolgu grubunun anlamlı oranda daha yüksekpuanlar aldıkları belirlenmiştir. Olgu grubunun anlamlıoranda daha fazla olası internet bağımlısı oldukları veanlamlı oranda daha fazla riskli internet davranışlarısergiledikleri bulunmuştur.SonuçÇalışmamızdaki kendine zarar veren ergenlerin internetiriskli şekilde kullanmaları ve internet bağımlılığı açısından risk altında olmaları bu grubun sanaldünyadaki tehlikelere açık bir grup olduğunu göstermektedir.Bu durum göz önüne alındığında ergen ruhsağlığı polikliniklerinde değerlendirilen kendine zararveren ergenlerin internet kullanım özelliklerinin sorgulanmasıkoruyucu bir yaklaşım olacaktır.

 Internet ergen bağımlılık Internet adolescent addiction References 1. Ceyhan AA. University students' problematic internet useand communication skills according to the internet use purposes. Educational Sciences: Theory&Practice 2011;11:59-77. 2. Cetin AB, Ceyhan AA. Adolescents’ identity experiments on the internet and problematic internet use behavior. Addicta: The Turkish Journal on Addictions 2014;1:5-46. 3. Eroglu Y, Guler N. The investigation relationships among contingencies of self-worth, risky internet behaviors and cyberbullying/cybervictimization. Sakarya University Journal of Education 2015;5:118-29. 4. Akca EB, Sayimer I, Ergul S. Middle school students' social media use and their cyberbullying experience: a case study from Ankara. Global Media Journal: Turkish Edition 2015;5:71-86. 5. Aktepe E. Self-injurious behavior in adolescents. TAF Preventive Medicine Bulletin 2011;10:201-10. 6. Duggan JM, Heath NL, Lewis SP, Baxter AL. An examination of the scope and nature of nonsuicidal self injury online activities: implications for school mental health professionals. School Mental Health 2012;4:56-67. 7. Tseng FY, Yang HJ. Internet use and web communication networks, sources of social support and forms of suicidal and nonsuicidal self injury among adolescents: different patterns between genders. Suicide Life Threat Behav 2015;45:178-91. 8. Kalkan M, Kaygusuz C, editors. Internet addiction problems and solutions. 1nd ed. Ankara: Ani Publishers; 2013. 9. Fischer G, Brunner R, Parzer P, Klug K, Durkee T, Carli V, et all. Depression, deliberate self harm and suicidal behaviour in adolescents engaging in risky and pathological internet use. Prax Kinderpsychol Kinderpsychiatr 2012;61:16-31. 10. Daine K, Hawton K, Singaravelu V, Stewart A, Simkin S, Montgomery P. The power of the web: a systematic review of studies of the influence of the internet on self-harm and suicide in young people. Plos One 2013; 8: e77555. 11. Klonsky ED, Glenn C. Assessing the functions of non-suicidal self-injury: psychometric properties of the inventory of statements about self-injury (ISAS). Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment 2009;31:215-19. 12. Bildik T, Somer O, Basay BK, Basay O, Ozbaran B. The validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the inventory of statements about self-injury. Turkish Journal of Psychiatry 2012;23:49-57. 13. Ybarra ML, Mitchell KJ. Youth engaging in online harrassment: associations with caregiver-child relationships, internet use and personal characteristics. J Adolesc 2004;27:319-36. 14. Nichols LA, Nicki R. Development of a psychometrically sound internet addiction test: a preliminary step. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors 2004;18:381-84. 15. Canan F, Ataoglu A, Nichols LA, Yildirim T, Ozturk O. Evaluation of psychometric properties of the internet addiction scale in a sample of Turkish high school students. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, Social Network 2010;13:317-20. 16. Griffiths MD. A components model of addiction within a biopsychosocial framework. Journal of Substance Use 2005;10:191-97. 17. Cetin B, Yaman E, Peker A. Cyber victim and bullying scale: a study of validity and reliability. Computers&Education 2011;57:2261-71. 18. Ybarra ML, Alexander C, Mitchell KJ. Depressive symptomatology, youth internet use, and online interactions: a national survey. J Adolesc Health 2005;36:9-18. 19. Mitchell KJ, Ybarra ML. Online behavior of youth who engage in self harm provides clues for preventive intervention. Prev Med 2007;45:392-6. 20. Helweg-Larsen K, Schütt N, Larsen HB. Predictors and protective factors for adolescent internet victimization: results from a 2008 nation wide Danish youth survey. Acta Paediatr 2012;101:533-9. 21. Liau AK, Khoo A, Ang PH. Factors influencing adolescents engagement in risky internet behavior. CyberPsychology&Behavior 2005;8:513-20. 22. Kirik O. Internet cafes and their problems: research on primary school students, teachers and internet café business managers. (Unpublished observations) Adnan Menderes University, Aydin, Turkey, 2007. 23. Yang SC, Tung CJ. Comparison of internet addicts and non-addicts in Taiwanese high school. Computers in Human Behaviour 2007;23:79-96. 24. Gunuc S. Cart and chaid analyses of some variables that predict internet addiction. Turkish Journal of Psychology 2013;28:88-101. 25. Rice E, Winetrobe H, Holloway IW, Montaya J, Plant A, Kordic T. Cell phone internet access, online sexual solicitation, partner seeking and sexual risk behavior among adolescents. Arch Sex Behav 2015;44:755-63. 26. Ozascilar M. Mobile use of young people and individual security: The use of mobile phones of the university students for individual security purposes. Journal of Sociological Research 2012;15:43-74. 27. Peker A. Investigating the predictive role of negative affect on cyberbullying and victimization. Kastamonu Education Journal 2015;23:1633-46. 28. Beebe TJ, Asche SE, Harrison PA, Quinlan KB. Heightened vulnerability and increased risk-taking among adolescent chatroomusers: results from a state wide school survey. J Adolesc Health 2004;35:116-23. 29. Bottino SM, Bottino CM, Regina CG, Correia AV, Ribeiro WS. Cyberbullying and adolescent mental health: systematic review. Cadernos de Saúde Pública 2015;31:463-75. 30. Chang FC, Chiu CH, Lee CM, Chen PH, Miao NF. Predictors of the initiation and persistence of internet addiction among adolescents in Taiwan. Addict Behav 2014;39:1434-40. 31. Aricak OT, Kinay H, Tanrikulu T. The first psychometric findings of cyberbullying scale. HAYEF Journal of Education 2012;17:101-14. 32. Ceyhan E. Predictiveness of identity status, main internet use purposes and gender on university students’ the problematic internet use. Educational Sciences: Theory&Practice 2010;10:1323-55. 33. Sampasa-Kanyinga H, Lewis RF. Frequent use of social networking sites is associated with poor psychological functioning among children and adolescent. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, Social Network 2015;18:380-5. 34. Muehlenkamp J, Brausch A, Quigley K, Whitlock J. Interpersonal features and functions of nonsuicidal self-injury. Suicide Life Threat Behav 2013;43:67-80. 35. Akbulut Y. Developmental implications of computer and internet use among children and adolescents. Trakya University Journal of Education 2013;3:53-68. 36. Lam LT, Peng Z, Mai J, Jing J. The association between internet addiction and self-injurious behaviour among adolescents. Inj Prev 2009;15:403-8. 37. Aktepe E, Dundar NO, Soyoz O, Sonmez Y. Possible internet addiction in high school students in the city center of Isparta and associated factors: a cross-sectional study. Turk J Pediatr 2013;55:417-25. 38. Oktan V. Investigation of self-injuriousbehavior in adolescents in terms of risk-taking behavior and self-esteem. Education and Science 2014;175:183-91. 39. Messina ES, Iwasaki Y. Internet use and self-injurious behaviors among adolescents and young adults: an interdisciplinary literature review and implications for health professionals. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, Social Network 2011;14:161-8.