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ACCUMULATION OF RECYCLED WASTE TYRE WITHIN DIFFERENT RUBBERS: A KINETIC STUDY

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 37 Sayı: 4, 1167 - 1179, 01.12.2019

Öz

Waste tyres around the world are increased severely in the last century. The accumulation of waste tyre within poly dimethyl siloxane (silicone) and ethylene–propylene–diene monomer rubber (EPDM) rubbers were examined. The moving die rheometer were used for the kinetic analysis of the samples. The MDR results showed that the silicone sample that has 5% waste tyre content has the better rheological results. Kinetic study examination of both EPDM and silicone rubber were done according to non-linear curve fitting model. The fitting model were conducted as Kamal-Sourour Model. In addition, the fitted model was corrected with fourth order Runge-Kutta model. Moreover, activation energy of both samples were calculated from Arrhenius plot for both rubbers. For EPDM case, it was found 99 kJ/mole and 66 kJ/mole for mth order and nth order, respectively. For silicone case, it was found to 87 kJ/mole for nth order. The results were hearting enough to pursue the accumulation of waste tyre on other rubbers.

Kaynakça

  • [1] S. Ramarad, M. Khalid, C. T. Ratnam, A. L. Chuah, and W. Rashmi, “Waste tire rubber in polymer blends: A review on the evolution, properties and future,” Prog. Mater. Sci., vol. 72, pp. 100–140, Jul. 2015.
  • [2] IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, “Carbon black, titanium dioxide, and talc.,” IARC Monogr. Eval. Carcinog. Risks Hum., vol. 93, pp. 1–413, 2010.
  • [3] İ. K. Akbay, A. Güngör, and T. Özdemir, “Optimization of the vulcanization parameters for ethylene–propylene–diene termonomer (EPDM)/ground waste tyre composite using response surface methodology,” Polym. Bull., pp. 1–15, Mar. 2017.
  • [4] A. Press, “Spain evacuates 9,000 from massive tire fire near Madrid | Daily Mail Online,” Daily Mail, 2016. [Online]. Available: http://www.dailymail.co.uk/wires/ap/article-3588494/Spanish-town-residents-ordered-indoors-tire-dump-blaze.html. [Accessed: 24-May-2016].
  • [5] T. Yasin, S. Khan, Y.-C. Nho, and R. Ahmad, “Effect of polyfunctional monomers on properties of radiation crosslinked EPDM/waste tire dust blend,” Radiat. Phys. Chem., vol. 81, no. 4, pp. 421–425, Apr. 2012.
  • [6] M. Awang, H. Ismail, and M. a. Hazizan, “Polypropylene-based blends containing waste tire dust: Effects of trans-polyoctylene rubber (TOR) and dynamic vulcanization,” Polym. Test., vol. 26, no. 6, pp. 779–787, 2007.
  • [7] G. Wypych, “EPDM ethylene-propylene diene terpolymer,” Handb. Polym., pp. 117–120, 2012.
  • [8] P. S. Ravishankar, “Treatise on Epdm,” Rubber Chem. Technol., vol. 85, no. 3, pp. 327–349, 2012.
  • [9] I.-K. Hong and S. Lee, “Cure kinetics and modeling the reaction of silicone rubber,” Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, vol. 19, no. 1. pp. 42–47, 2013.
  • [10] K. Formela and J. T. Haponiuk, “Curing characteristics, mechanical properties and morphology of butyl rubber filled with ground tire rubber (GTR),” Iran. Polym. J., vol. 23, no. 3, pp. 185–194, Mar. 2014.
  • [11] X. Lu, W. Wang, and L. Yu, “Waste ground rubber tire powder/thermoplastic vulcanizate blends: Preparation, characterization, and compatibility,” J. Appl. Polym. Sci., vol. 131, no. 3, p. n/a-n/a, Feb. 2014.
  • [12] J. Datta and M. Włoch, “Morphology and properties of recycled polyethylene/ground tyre rubber/thermoplastic poly(ester-urethane) blends,” Macromol. Res., vol. 23, no. 12, pp. 1117–1125, Dec. 2015.
  • [13] T. Yasin, S. Khan, M. Shafiq, and R. Gill, “Radiation crosslinking of styrene–butadiene rubber containing waste tire rubber and polyfunctional monomers,” Radiat. Phys. Chem., vol. 106, pp. 343–347, Jan. 2015.
  • [14] E. Leroy, A. Souid, A. Sarda, and R. Deterre, “A knowledge based approach for elastomer cure kinetic parameters estimation,” Polymer Testing, vol. 32, no. 1. pp. 9–14, 2013.
  • [15] M. R. Kamal and S. Sourour, “Kinetics and thermal characterization of thermoset cure,” Polym. Eng. Sci., vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 59–64, Jan. 1973.
  • [16] I.-K. Hong and S. Lee, “Cure kinetics and modeling the reaction of silicone rubber,” J. Ind. Eng. Chem., vol. 19, no. 1, pp. 42–47, Jan. 2013.
Yıl 2019, Cilt: 37 Sayı: 4, 1167 - 1179, 01.12.2019

Öz

Kaynakça

  • [1] S. Ramarad, M. Khalid, C. T. Ratnam, A. L. Chuah, and W. Rashmi, “Waste tire rubber in polymer blends: A review on the evolution, properties and future,” Prog. Mater. Sci., vol. 72, pp. 100–140, Jul. 2015.
  • [2] IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, “Carbon black, titanium dioxide, and talc.,” IARC Monogr. Eval. Carcinog. Risks Hum., vol. 93, pp. 1–413, 2010.
  • [3] İ. K. Akbay, A. Güngör, and T. Özdemir, “Optimization of the vulcanization parameters for ethylene–propylene–diene termonomer (EPDM)/ground waste tyre composite using response surface methodology,” Polym. Bull., pp. 1–15, Mar. 2017.
  • [4] A. Press, “Spain evacuates 9,000 from massive tire fire near Madrid | Daily Mail Online,” Daily Mail, 2016. [Online]. Available: http://www.dailymail.co.uk/wires/ap/article-3588494/Spanish-town-residents-ordered-indoors-tire-dump-blaze.html. [Accessed: 24-May-2016].
  • [5] T. Yasin, S. Khan, Y.-C. Nho, and R. Ahmad, “Effect of polyfunctional monomers on properties of radiation crosslinked EPDM/waste tire dust blend,” Radiat. Phys. Chem., vol. 81, no. 4, pp. 421–425, Apr. 2012.
  • [6] M. Awang, H. Ismail, and M. a. Hazizan, “Polypropylene-based blends containing waste tire dust: Effects of trans-polyoctylene rubber (TOR) and dynamic vulcanization,” Polym. Test., vol. 26, no. 6, pp. 779–787, 2007.
  • [7] G. Wypych, “EPDM ethylene-propylene diene terpolymer,” Handb. Polym., pp. 117–120, 2012.
  • [8] P. S. Ravishankar, “Treatise on Epdm,” Rubber Chem. Technol., vol. 85, no. 3, pp. 327–349, 2012.
  • [9] I.-K. Hong and S. Lee, “Cure kinetics and modeling the reaction of silicone rubber,” Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, vol. 19, no. 1. pp. 42–47, 2013.
  • [10] K. Formela and J. T. Haponiuk, “Curing characteristics, mechanical properties and morphology of butyl rubber filled with ground tire rubber (GTR),” Iran. Polym. J., vol. 23, no. 3, pp. 185–194, Mar. 2014.
  • [11] X. Lu, W. Wang, and L. Yu, “Waste ground rubber tire powder/thermoplastic vulcanizate blends: Preparation, characterization, and compatibility,” J. Appl. Polym. Sci., vol. 131, no. 3, p. n/a-n/a, Feb. 2014.
  • [12] J. Datta and M. Włoch, “Morphology and properties of recycled polyethylene/ground tyre rubber/thermoplastic poly(ester-urethane) blends,” Macromol. Res., vol. 23, no. 12, pp. 1117–1125, Dec. 2015.
  • [13] T. Yasin, S. Khan, M. Shafiq, and R. Gill, “Radiation crosslinking of styrene–butadiene rubber containing waste tire rubber and polyfunctional monomers,” Radiat. Phys. Chem., vol. 106, pp. 343–347, Jan. 2015.
  • [14] E. Leroy, A. Souid, A. Sarda, and R. Deterre, “A knowledge based approach for elastomer cure kinetic parameters estimation,” Polymer Testing, vol. 32, no. 1. pp. 9–14, 2013.
  • [15] M. R. Kamal and S. Sourour, “Kinetics and thermal characterization of thermoset cure,” Polym. Eng. Sci., vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 59–64, Jan. 1973.
  • [16] I.-K. Hong and S. Lee, “Cure kinetics and modeling the reaction of silicone rubber,” J. Ind. Eng. Chem., vol. 19, no. 1, pp. 42–47, Jan. 2013.
Toplam 16 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Bölüm Research Articles
Yazarlar

Ahmet Güngör Bu kişi benim 0000-0002-8319-1652

İsmail Kutlugün Akbay Bu kişi benim 0000-0002-0685-8660

Tonguç Özdemir Bu kişi benim 0000-0001-8019-5829

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Aralık 2019
Gönderilme Tarihi 16 Şubat 2018
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2019 Cilt: 37 Sayı: 4

Kaynak Göster

Vancouver Güngör A, Akbay İK, Özdemir T. ACCUMULATION OF RECYCLED WASTE TYRE WITHIN DIFFERENT RUBBERS: A KINETIC STUDY. SIGMA. 2019;37(4):1167-79.

IMPORTANT NOTE: JOURNAL SUBMISSION LINK https://eds.yildiz.edu.tr/sigma/