THE DETERMINATION OF MICROORGANISMS IN INDOOR AND OUTDOOR ATMOSPHERE IN THE Y.T.U. DAVUTPASA CAMPUS

Year 2019, Volume: 37 Issue: 2, 563 - 571, 01.06.2019

Feysa Baysal Elanur Adar Suleyman Sakar Yasar Nuhoglu

Abstract

Air can contain a number of foreign matters and microorganisms in various sizes, which may be harmful to human health besides essential substances necessary for respiration such as oxygen. The air quality in terms of microbiology in indoor and outdoor environments plays an important role in determining the possible risks and the precautions to be taken.
The aim of this study is to examine the microorganisms in indoor and outdoor air in the Davutpasa campus of Yildiz Technical University. The active and passive sampling methods were used in nine different indoor and outdoor atmospheric environments.
The best results were obtained by active sampling and membrane filtration methods. In the samples taken in March, the highest bacterial colony was detected in the wastewater laboratory at 35 °C. The highest bacterial and fungal colonies were found in the wastewater laboratory and in the middle garden, respectively. In the samples taken in April, the highest the number of bacteria at 20 °C was in the microbiology laboratory while the number of fungi showed differences according to the type of cultivation methods. In the gram staining, gram positive bacteria belonging to Sarcina sp, gram negative Monococcus sp., gram positive Diplococcus sp., gram positive Tetracoccus sp., gram-negative actinomycetes (branched bacteria), gram-negative Vibrio sp. and miscellaneous fungi have been observed.
As a result, it has observed that there are various bacteria and fungi in the indoor and outdoor air we breathe. The number of microorganisms has changed according to the environment conditions.

Keywords

Microorganisms, indoor, outdoor, atmosphere.

References

• [1] Beaumont F, Kauffman HF, Sluiter HJ, De VK. A volumetric-aerobiologic study of seasonal fungus prevalence inside and outside dwellings of asthmatic patients living in northeast Netherlands. Ann Allergy 1984; 53 (6):486- 492.
• [2] Siersted HC, Gravesen S. Extrinsic allergic alveolitis after exposure to the yeast Rhodotorula rubra. Allergy 1993; 48(4):298-299.
• [3] ACGIH. Threshold limit values and biological exposure indices for 1989-1990. American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygenists. Cincinnati, OH 41; 1989.
• [4] Ren P, Jankun TM, Leaderer BP. Comparisons of seasonal fungal prevalence in indoor and outdoor air and in house dusts of dwellings in one Northeast American county. J Expo Anal Environ Epidemiol 1999; 9(6):560-568.
• [5] Fabian MP, Miller SL, Reponen T, Hernandez MT. Ambient bioaerosol indices for indoor air quality assessments of flood reclamation. Journal of Aerosol Science 2005; 36:765-783.
• [6] BoresonJ., Dillner AM, Peccia J. Correlating bioaerosol load with PM2.5 and PM10cf concentrations: A comparison between natural desert and urbanfringe aerosols. Atmospheric Environment 2004; 38:6029-6041.
• [7] Adhikari A., Martuzevicius D., Reponen T., et al. Performance of the button personal inhalable sampler for the measurement of outdoor aeroallergens. Atmospheric Environment, 2003; 37:4723-4733.
• [8] Abbott SP. Molds and other fungi in indoor environments: summary of biology, known health effects and references. http://www.precisionenv.com/ PDFS/IndoorMolds1 pdf 2002 [Accessed date 24.12.2017].
• [9] Öner, M. Mikrobiyal ekoloji (In Turkish). Ege University Science Faculty. Series of books, No: 100, İzmir; 1978.
• [10] Nuhoglu Y., Oguz E., Uslu H., Ozbek A., Ipekoglu B., Ocak I., Hasenkoglu İ. The accelerating effects of the microorganisms on biodeterioration of stone monuments under air pollution and continental-cold climatic conditions in Erzurum, Turkey. Sci. Total Environ., 2006; 364: 273-283.
• [11] Nuhoglu Y. The biodeteriorative action of microorganisms and the effects on stone monuments under air pollution and continental-cold climatic condition ın Erzurum, Turkey. Fresenius Environmental Bulletin, 2004; 13, 591-599.
• [12] Nuhoğlu Y., Var M., Koçak E., Uslu H., Demir H., In situ investigation of the biodeteriorative microorganisms lived on stone surfaces of the Sumela Monastery (Trabzon, Turkey). Journal of Environmental & Analytical Toxicology, 2017:7, 506-515.
• [13] Akman. M., Gülmezoğlu, E., Tıbbi mikrobiyoloji (In Turkish). 3rd ed. Hacettepe University Publications; A15, Ankara; 1980
• [14] Burrell R. Microbiological agents as health risks in indoor air. Environmental Health Perspectives, 1991; 95, 29-34.
• [15] http://www.accuweather.com/tr/tr/istanbul/318251/month/318251?monyr=3/01/2016.