EFFICIENT REMOVAL OF BASIC YELLOW 51 DYE VIA CARBONIZED PAPER MILL SLUDGE USING SULFURIC ACID

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 36 Sayı: 3, 803 - 818, 01.09.2018

Ali Yaraş Hasan Arslanoğlu

Öz

In present study, paper mill sludge (PMS) in cellulosic structure carbonized with sulfuric acid was utilized for adsorption of cationic basic yellow 51 (BY 51) dye from synthetic solution. The parameters affecting on removal of BY 51 dye following; initial pH (2-11), amount of carbonized paper mill sludge (CPMS) (0.25-1.5 g/l), initial concentration (0.5-2 mM), time (0-360 min.) and temperature (25-55°C) were studied in the batch adsorption experiments. The physical and chemical properties of prepared CPMS were determined using elemental analyzes, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and BET techniques. Optimum initial pH was measured to be 7 for the removal of BY 51 dye. The obtained equilibrium data in various initial concentrations of BY 51 dye solution varied from 0.5 to 2.5 mM for three temperatures (25°C, 40°C and 55°C) were applied to Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms. The calculated maximum adsorption capacity (qmax) from Langmuir equation was achieved 1089.45 mg/g depending on increasing temperature from 25oC to 55oC. The experimental results for all temperatures were applied to pseudo-first order kinetic model, pseudo-second order kinetic model and intra-particle diffusion model. Consequently, it was good agreement with the second-order kinetic model and the activation energy (Ea) is calculated as 11.642 kJ/mol. Thermodynamic parameters such as enthalpy (∆H°, +19.32 kJ/mol), free energy (∆G°, -23.02 kJ/mol) and entropy (∆S°, 0.142 kJ/molK) were also calculated. The results showed that the adsorption phenomena of cationic BY 51 dye is of endothermic and spontaneous nature. The findings presented that CPMS could be utilized as adsorbent in the treatment of industrial wastewater.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Paper mill sludge, basic yellow 51, carbonization, adsorption, isotherm, kinetic

Kaynakça

• [1] Baughman GL, Perenich TA (1988) Fate of dyes in aquatic systems: I. Solubility and partitioning of some hydrophobic dyes and related compounds. Environ Toxicol Chem 7:183–199.
• [2] Weber EJ, Lee Wolfe N (1987) Kinetic studies of the reduction of aromatic azo compounds in anaerobic sediment/water systems. Environ Toxicol Chem 6:911–919.
• [3] Chung K-T, Fulk GE, Egan M (1978) Reduction of azo dyes by intestinal anaerobes. Appl Environ Microbiol 35:558–562.
• [4] King-Thom C (1993) Degradation of azo dyes by environmental microorganisms and helminthes. Env Toxicol Chem 13:2121–2132.
• [5] Allen SJ, Gan Q, Matthews R, Johnson PA (2003) Comparison of optimised isotherm models for basic dye adsorption by kudzu. Bioresour Technol 88:143–152.
• [6] Waranusantigul P, Pokethitiyook P, Kruatrachue M, Upatham ES (2003) Kinetics of basic dye (methylene blue) biosorption by giant duckweed (Spirodela polyrrhiza). Environ Pollut 125:385–392.
• [7] Robinson T, McMullan G, Marchant R, Nigam P (2001) Remediation of dyes in textile effluent: a critical review on current treatment technologies with a proposed alternative. Bioresour Technol 77:247–255.
• [8] Robinson T, Chandran B, Nigam P (2002) Removal of dyes from an artificial textile dye effluent by two agricultural waste residues, corncob and barley husk. Environ Int 28:29–33.
• [9] Robinson T, Chandran B, Nigam P (2002) Removal of dyes from a synthetic textile dye effluent by biosorption on apple pomace and wheat straw. Water Res 36:2824–2830.
• [10] Kocaer FO, Alkan U (2002) Boyarmadde Içeren Tekstil Atiksularinin Aritim Alternatifleri. Uludağ Üniversitesi Mühendislik Mimar Fakültesi Derg 7:47–55.
• [11] Demirbaş E, Kobya M, Öncel S, Şencan S (2002) Removal of Ni (II) from aqueous solution by adsorption onto hazelnut shell activated carbon: equilibrium studies. Bioresour Technol 84:291–293.
• [12] Kadirvelu K, Kavipriya M, Karthika C, et al (2003) Utilization of various agricultural wastes for activated carbon preparation and application for the removal of dyes and metal ions from aqueous solutions. Bioresour Technol 87:129–132.
• [13] Kobya M (2004) Removal of Cr (VI) from aqueous solutions by adsorption onto hazelnut shell activated carbon: kinetic and equilibrium studies. Bioresour Technol 91:317–321.
• [14] Méndez A, Barriga S, Fidalgo JM, Gascó G (2009) Adsorbent materials from paper industry waste materials and their use in Cu (II) removal from water. J Hazard Mater 165:736–743.
• [15] Mohamad S, Bakar NKA, Ishak AR, et al (2014) Removal of phosphate by paper mill sludge: Adsorption isotherm and kinetic study. Asian J Chem 26:3545.
• [16] Lagergren S (1898) Zur theorie der sogenannten adsorption geloster stoffe. K Sven vetenskapsakademiens Handl 24:1–39.
• [17] Ho Y-S (2006) Review of second-order models for adsorption systems. J Hazard Mater 136:681–689.
• [18] Weber WJ, Morris JC (1963) Kinetics of adsorption on carbon from solution. J Sanit Eng Div 89:31–60.
• [19] Freundlich HMF (1906) Over the adsorption in solution. J Phys Chem 57:1100–1107.
• [20] Langmuir I (1918) The adsorption of gases on plane surfaces of glass, mica and platinum. J Am Chem Soc 40:1361–1403.
• [21] Ho YS, Wang CC (2004) Pseudo-isotherms for the sorption of cadmium ion onto tree fern. Process Biochem 39:761–765.
• [22] Unnithan MR, Anirudhan TS (2001) The kinetics and thermodynamics of sorption of chromium (VI) onto the iron (III) complex of a carboxylated polyacrylamide-grafted sawdust. Ind Eng Chem Res 40:2693–2701.
• [23] Maddikeri GL, Pandit AB, Gogate PR (2012) Adsorptive removal of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids using ion-exchange resins. Ind Eng Chem Res 51:6869–6876.
• [24] Aguiar CRL, Fontana É, Valle JAB, et al (2016) Adsorption of Basic Yellow 28 onto chemically‐modified activated carbon: Characterization and adsorption mechanisms. Can J Chem Eng 94:947–955.
• [25] Tekin N, Şafaklı A, Bingöl D (2015) Process modeling and thermodynamics and kinetics evaluation of Basic Yellow 28 adsorption onto sepiolite. Desalin Water Treat 54:2023–2035.
• [26] Hajati S, Ghaedi M, Mazaheri H (2016) Removal of methylene blue from aqueous solution by walnut carbon: optimization using response surface methodology. Desalin Water Treat 57:3179–3193.
• [27] Kaykioğlu G, Güneş E (2016) Kinetic and equilibrium study of methylene blue adsorption using H2SO4− activated rice husk ash. Desalin Water Treat 57:7085–7097.
• [28] Guechi E-K, Hamdaoui O (2016) Biosorption of methylene blue from aqueous solution by potato (Solanum tuberosum) peel: equilibrium modelling, kinetic, and thermodynamic studies. Desalin Water Treat 57:10270–10285.
• [29] Pan X, Li X, Yang J, et al (2015) Litchi pericarps used as adsorbents for methylene blue removal from solution. Desalin Water Treat 55:1333–1341.
• [30] Feng Y, Yang F, Wang Y, et al (2011) Basic dye adsorption onto an agro-based waste material–Sesame hull (Sesamum indicum L.). Bioresour Technol 102:10280–10285.
• [31] Belala Z, Jeguirim M, Belhachemi M, et al (2011) Biosorption of basic dye from aqueous solutions by date stones and palm-trees waste: kinetic, equilibrium and thermodynamic studies. Desalination 271:80–87.
• [32] Premkumar Y, Vijayaraghavan K (2015) Biosorption potential of coco-peat in the removal of methylene blue from aqueous solutions. Sep Sci Technol 50:1439–1446.
• [33] Anirudhan TS, Ramachandran M (2015) Adsorptive removal of basic dyes from aqueous solutions by surfactant modified bentonite clay (organoclay): kinetic and competitive adsorption isotherm. Process Saf Environ Prot 95:215–225.