Araştırma Makalesi
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Urban Textures in the Context of Ecological Smart City

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 04 Sayı: 01-02, 1 - 23, 23.05.2023
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8068248

Öz

Different planning approaches are required due to urban spaces being affected by various environmental adversities and their quality of space and life decreases. It is argued that the smart city approach is a solution to these problems both in cities built from scratch and on existing cities and contributes to the sustainability of the cities. In this context, smart city examples and the features that smart cities should have been examined. The investigation revealed that the smart city is based on fundamentals such as reducing carbon emissions, energy efficiency and green infrastructure, as well as technological solutions. The contents of these titles were determined based on the examples of smart cities, and the field of study to be applied to existing cities were determined.

Kaynakça

  • “Flaneur in the Desert”. Erişim tarihi: 21.01.2020. https://www.urbanslate.com/viii
  • “Lighthouse Cities”. Erişim tarihi: 10.12.2019. https://www.matchup-project.eu/cities/
  • “Smart Cities and Communities Lighthouse Projects”. Erişim tarihi: 01.06.2019. https://smartcities-infosystem.eu/scc-lighthouse-projects
  • Ahvenniemi, H., Huovila, A., Pinto-Seppä, I. ve Airaksinen, M. 2017. “What are the differences between sustainable and smart cities?” Cities, 60(Part A): 234-245.
  • Akande, A., Cabral, P., Gomes, P., ve Casteleyn, S. 2019. “The Lisbon ranking for smart sustainable cities in Europe.” Sustainable Cities and Society, 44: 475-487.
  • Akkan, M. M. 2018. Akıllı Kent ve Akıllı Uygulamalar: Konya-Barcelona İncelemesi. Araştırma Raporu. Konya: Konya Ticaret Odası, Ekonomik Araştırmalar ve Proje Müdürlüğü.
  • Akkar Ercan, M. ve Belge, Z.S. 2017. “Yaşanabilir Kentler İçin Mikro Ölçek Bir Yürünebilirlik Modeli.” METU JFA, 34(1): 231-265.
  • Albino, V., Birardi, U. ve Dangelico, R.M. 2015. “Smart Cities: Definitions, Dimensions, Performance, and Initiatives.” Journal of Urban Technology, 22(1): 3-21.
  • Aletà, N.B., Alonso, C.M. ve Ruiz, R.M.A. 2017. “Smart Mobility and Smart Environment in the Spanish cities.” Transportation Research Procedia, 24(2017): 163-170.
  • Alpaslan, A. ve Ortaçeşme, V. 2019. “Antalya Kentinde Enerji Etkin Planlama Kapsamında Yeşil Altyapının Yeri ve Önemi.” Peyzaj Araştırmaları ve Uygulamaları Dergisi, 1(2):31-37. 
  • Angelidou, M. 2017. “The Role of Smart City Characteristics in the Plans of Fifteen Cities.” Journal of Urban Technology, 24(4): pp 3-28.
  • Antalya BB. 2013. Antalya’nın Karbon Ayakizi Envanteri ve Sürdürülebilir Enerji Eylem Planı. Erişim tarihi: 17.05.2023. https://matchupantalya.org/Uploads/d9eda15f80eb4a7ca36376ea568ba8aa.pdf
  • Antalya BB. 2017. Aksu - Döşemealtı -Kepez -Muratpaşa -Konyaaltı -Serik İlçeleri 2040 Yılı 1/25000 Ölçekli Nazım İmar Planı Plan Açıklama Raporu.
  • Appio, F.P., Lima, M. ve Paroutis, S. 2019. “Understanding Smart Cities: Innovation ecosystems, technological advancements, and societal challenges.” Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 142(May 2019): 1-14.
  • Arafah, Y. ve Winarso, H. 2017. “Redefining smart city concept with resilience approach.” IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 70: 012065.
  • Boğaziçi Proje. 2019. “Antalya Ulaşım Ana Planı.” Erişim tarihi: 13.12.2019. https://www.bogaziciproje.com.tr/projelerimiz/antalya-ulasim-ana-plani
  • Brass, K. 2017. “Redesigning the Grid: Barcelona’s Experiment with Superblocks.” Erişim tarihi: 11.05.2020. https://urbanland.uli.org/planning-design/barcelonas-experiment-superblocks/
  • Brisbane City Council. 2018. “Transport Plan for Brisbane — Strategic Directions.” Erişim tarihi: 17.05.2023. https://www.brisbane.qld.gov.au/sites/default/files/20181115_-_transport_plan_for_brisbane_-_strategic_directions.pdf
  • Camboim, G.F., Zawislak, P.A. ve Pufal, N.A. 2019. “Driving elements to make cities smarter: Evidences from European projects.” Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 142(May 2019): 154-167. Caragliu , A., Del Bo, C. ve Nijkamp, P. 2011. “Smart Cities in Europe.” Journal of Urban Technology, 18(2): 65-82. Casini, M. 2017. “Green Technology for Smart Cities.” IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 83(1): 012014. Chen, X. 2017. A Comparative Study of Supergrid and Superblock Urban Structure in China and Japan- Rethinking the Chinese Superblocks: Learning from Japanese Experience. A Thesis Submitted for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy, The University of Sydney, Australia.
  • Chourabi H., Nam, T.,Walker, S., Gil-Garcia, J. R., Mellouli, S., Nahon, K., Pardo, T. A. ve Scholl, H. J. 2012. “Understanding Smart Cities: An Integrative Framework.” 45th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, 2289-2297, Maui, HI, USA.
  • Cirit, F. 2014. Sürdürülebilir Kent İçi Ulaşım Politikaları ve Toplu Taşıma Sistemlerinin Karşılaştırılması. Uzmanlık Tezi, TC Kalkınma Bakanlığı, İktisadi Sektörler ve Koordinasyonlar Genel Müdürlüğü, Ankara.
  • Colding, J. ve Barthel, S. 2017. “An urban ecology critique on the “Smart City” model.” Journal of Cleaner Production, 164(15): 95-101.
  • Contreras, G. ve Platonia, F. 2019. “Economic and policy uncertainty in climate change mitigation: The London Smart City case scenario.” Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 142(May 2019): 384-393.
  • EIP-SCC ve European Commission. 2016. “Towards a Joint Investment Programme for European Smart Cities, Marketplace of the European Innovation Partnership on Smart Cities and Communities.” A Consultation Paper to Stimulate Action. Erişim tarihi: 15.02.2020. https://eu-smartcities.eu/sites/default/files/2018-06/EIP SCC_TOWARDS%20A%20JOINT%20INVESTMENT-Paper.pdf
  • Foster, J., Lowe, A. ve Winkelman, S. 2011. The Value of Green Infrastructure for Urban Climate Adaptation. Washington DC: The Center for Clean Air Policy. Erişim tarihi: 17.05.2023. https://savetherain.us/wp-content/uploads/2011/10/Green_Infrastructure_Urban_Climate_Adaptation.pdf
  • Francini, M., Chieffallo, L., Palermo, A. ve Viapiana, M.F. 2019. “Estimation of the Smart Land Index: application to the rural context of the Crati Valley.” European Planning Studies, 28(4): 749-770.
  • Giffinger, R. ve Gudrun, H. 2010. “Smart Cities Ranking: An Effective Instrument for the Positioning Of Cities?” Architecture, City and Environment = Arquitectura, Ciudad y Entorno, IV(12): 7-25.
  • GYODER. 2017. “Antalya İli Yatırım Alanları Vizyon Raporu.” Gelişen Kentler Zirvesi. Erişim tarihi: 17.05.2023. https://www.gyoder.org.tr/uploads/Yay%C4%B1nlar/arastirma_raporlari/ar1.pdf Harrison, C. ve Donnelly, I.A. 2011. “A Theory of Smart Cities.” 55th Annual Meeting of the ISSS-2011, 17-22, Hull.
  • Heinrich Böll Stiftung Derneği Türkiye Temsilciliği 2013. “Yeşil Ulaşım.” 3. Yeşil Ekonomi Konferansı, 23–24 Haziran 2012, İstanbul.
  • Hollands, R.G. 2008. “Will the real smart city please stand up? City: Analysis of Urban trends, culture, theory, policy, action.” City, 12(3): 303-320.
  • Kelkar V.S. 2017. Investigating the Concept of Green City Design Criteria on the Urban Form and the User Experience of the New Songdo City in South Korea. Master Thesis, Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Seoul National University.
  • Koçak, İ., Sarı, C. ve Özen, H. 2005. "Antalya da Kentiçi Ulaşımının Çeşitlendirilmesine Bir Öneri Bisiklet Kullanımı." Antalya Yöresinin İnşaat Mühendisliği Sorunları Kongresi, Cilt.2, 497-511, Antalya.
  • Kolotouchkina, O. ve Seisdedos, G. 2018. “Place branding strategies in the context of new smart cities: Songdo IBD, Masdar and Skolkovo.” Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, 12(2): 115–124.
  • Konyaaltı Belediyesi. 2019. T.C. Konyaaltı Belediye Başkanlığı 2020-2024 Yılları Stratejik Planı. Antalya.
  • Lichá, A. 2018. “"Green" and "Smart" Cities Diffusion: The Case of Songdo, Korea.” International Perspectives on Translation, Education, and Innovation in Japanese and Korean Societies içinde (der.) D. G. Hebert, 223-240. Springer International Publishing.
  • Manavoğlu, E. ve Ortaçeşme, V. 2015. “Antalya Kenti Yeşil Alanlarının Çok Ölçütlü Analizi ve Planlama Stratejilerinin Geliştirilmesi.” Akdeniz Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 28(1): 11-19.
  • Manavoğlu, E. ve Ortaçeşme, V. 2007. “Konyaaltı Kentsel Alanında Bir Yeşil Alan Sistem Önerisi Geliştirilmesi.” Akdeniz Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 20(2): 261-271.
  • Marsal-Llacuna M.L., Colomer-Llinàs J. ve Meléndez-Frigola J. 2015. “Lessons in urban monitoring taken from sustainable and livable cities to better address the Smart Cities initiative.” Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 90(Part B): 611-622.
  • Martin, C.J., Evans, J. ve Karvonen, A. 2018. “Smart and sustainable? Five tensions in the visions and practices of the smart-sustainable city in Europe and North America.” Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 133(August 2018): 269-278.
  • Mueller, N., David Rojas-Rueda, D., Khreis, H., Cirach, M., Andrés, D., Ballester, J., Bartoll, X., Daher, C., Deluca, A., Echave, C., Milà, C., Márquez, S., Palou, J., Pérez, K., Tonne, C., Stevenson, M., Rueda, S. ve Nieuwenhuijsen, M. 2020. “Changing the urban design of cities for health: The superblock model.” Environment International, 134(January 2020): 105132.
  • Nouri, H. Chavoshi Borujeni, S. ve Hoekstra, A.Y. 2019. “The blue water footprint of urban green spaces: An example for Adelaide, Australia.” Landscape and Urban Planning, 190(October 2019): 103613.
  • Ortaçeşme V., Yıldırım E. ve Manavoğlu E. 2005. “Kentsel Yeşil Alan Fonksiyonları Düzleminde Antalya Kenti Yeşil Alanlarına Bir Bakış.” Antalya Yöresinin İnşaat Mühendisliği Sorunları Kongresi, 22-24 Eylül 2005, Cilt 2, 539-549, Antalya.
  • Perez-del Hoyo, R. ve Lees, M.C. 2017. “Redefining the Smart City concept: the importance of humanizing ‘Intelligent’ cities.” 24th ISUF International Conference: City and territory in the Globalization Age Conference, 27-29 September 2017, Valencia.
  • Polo Lopez, C. S. ve Frontini, F. 2015. Städtische Verdichtung und Energie Verhalten der Bestehenden Gebäude. University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland, VerGe Project, Lugano/Canobbio.
  • Rueda, S. 2019. “Superblocks for the Design of New Cities and Renovation of Existing Ones: Barcelona’s Case.” Integrating Human Health into Urban and Transport Planning içinde (der.) M. Nieuwenhuijsen ve H. Khreis, 135-153. Springer International Publishing.
  • Schuetze, T. ve Chelleri L. 2015. “Urban Sustainability Versus Green-Washing—Fallacy and Reality of Urban Regeneration in Downtown Seoul.” Sustainability, 8(1): 33.
  • Scoppa, M. Bawazir K. ve Alawadia, K. 2018. “Walking the superblocks: Street layout efficiency and the sikkak system in Abu Dhabi.” Sustainable Cities and Society, 38(April 2018): 359-369.
  • Serbanica, C. ve Constantin, D.L. 2017. “Sustainable cities in central and eastern European countries. Moving towards smart specialization.” Habitat International, 68(October 2017): 55-63.
  • Sorin-George, T. ve Andreea, S. 2018. “Learning from a Smart City-State in the Age of Globalization.” Basiq International Conference: New Trends in Sustainable Business and Consumption, 706-713.
  • Vardakas, J.S., Zenginis, I., Zorba, N., Echave, C., Morato, M. ve Verikoukis, C. 2018. “Electrical Energy Savings through Efficient Cooperation of Urban Buildings: The Smart Community Case of Superblocks' in Barcelona.” IEEE Communications Magazine, 56(11): 102-109.
  • Vassileva, I. Dahlquist, E. ve Campillo, J. 2016. “The citizens’ role in energy smart city development.” Energy Procedia, 88:200-204.
  • Wang, D., Li, X.(R.) ve Li, Y. 2013. “China's “smart tourism destination” initiative: A taste of the service-dominant logic.” Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 2(2): 59-61.
  • Wise, S. 2008. “Green Infrastructure Rising Best practices in stormwater management.” Planning, 74(8): 14–19.
  • Wlodarczak, P. 2017. “Smart Cities – Enabling Technologies for Future Living.” City Networks, içinde (der.) A. Karakitsiou vd., 1-16. Springer International Publishing.
  • Wood, L. 2011.  “Global Marine Protection Targets: How S.M.A.R.T are They?” Environmental Management, 47: 525–535.
  • Yiğitcanlar, T., Han, H., Kamruzzaman, M., Ioppolo, G., ve Marquese, S. 2019. “The making of smart cities: Are Songdo, Masdar, Amsterdam, San Francisco and Brisbane the best we could build?” Land Use Policy, 88(November 2019): 104187.

Ekolojik Akıllı Kent Bağlamında Kentsel Dokular

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 04 Sayı: 01-02, 1 - 23, 23.05.2023
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8068248

Öz

Son dönemde çeşitli çevresel olumsuzluklardan etkilenen, kent dokularında izlenen bozulmaların, kentsel yaşam ve mekan kalitesinin azalmasına neden olduğu ve bu duruma çözümler geliştirmek için teknolojik ve ekolojik anlamda farklı planlama ve tasarım yaklaşımlarına gereksinim duyulmaktadır. Akıllı şehir yaklaşımının hem sıfırdan yeni inşa edilen kentlerde hem de mevcut kentler üzerinde söz konusu sorunlara çözüm niteliği taşıdığı ve kentlerin sürdürülebilirliğine katkı sağladığı savunulmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, akıllı şehir örnekleri ve özellikle akıllı şehirlerin taşıması gereken ekolojik özellikler incelenmiş ve ekolojik akıllı şehrin ya da çevrenin teknolojik çözümlerin yanında karbon emisyonunun azaltılması, enerji verimliliği ve yeşil altyapı gibi temellere dayanması gerektiği belirlenmiştir. Bu başlıkların genel içerikleri yine akıllı şehir örneklerinden yola çıkarak belirlenmiş ve mevcut kentsel dokulara uygulanabilirliği üzerinden bir değerlendirme yapılmıştır.

Kaynakça

  • “Flaneur in the Desert”. Erişim tarihi: 21.01.2020. https://www.urbanslate.com/viii
  • “Lighthouse Cities”. Erişim tarihi: 10.12.2019. https://www.matchup-project.eu/cities/
  • “Smart Cities and Communities Lighthouse Projects”. Erişim tarihi: 01.06.2019. https://smartcities-infosystem.eu/scc-lighthouse-projects
  • Ahvenniemi, H., Huovila, A., Pinto-Seppä, I. ve Airaksinen, M. 2017. “What are the differences between sustainable and smart cities?” Cities, 60(Part A): 234-245.
  • Akande, A., Cabral, P., Gomes, P., ve Casteleyn, S. 2019. “The Lisbon ranking for smart sustainable cities in Europe.” Sustainable Cities and Society, 44: 475-487.
  • Akkan, M. M. 2018. Akıllı Kent ve Akıllı Uygulamalar: Konya-Barcelona İncelemesi. Araştırma Raporu. Konya: Konya Ticaret Odası, Ekonomik Araştırmalar ve Proje Müdürlüğü.
  • Akkar Ercan, M. ve Belge, Z.S. 2017. “Yaşanabilir Kentler İçin Mikro Ölçek Bir Yürünebilirlik Modeli.” METU JFA, 34(1): 231-265.
  • Albino, V., Birardi, U. ve Dangelico, R.M. 2015. “Smart Cities: Definitions, Dimensions, Performance, and Initiatives.” Journal of Urban Technology, 22(1): 3-21.
  • Aletà, N.B., Alonso, C.M. ve Ruiz, R.M.A. 2017. “Smart Mobility and Smart Environment in the Spanish cities.” Transportation Research Procedia, 24(2017): 163-170.
  • Alpaslan, A. ve Ortaçeşme, V. 2019. “Antalya Kentinde Enerji Etkin Planlama Kapsamında Yeşil Altyapının Yeri ve Önemi.” Peyzaj Araştırmaları ve Uygulamaları Dergisi, 1(2):31-37. 
  • Angelidou, M. 2017. “The Role of Smart City Characteristics in the Plans of Fifteen Cities.” Journal of Urban Technology, 24(4): pp 3-28.
  • Antalya BB. 2013. Antalya’nın Karbon Ayakizi Envanteri ve Sürdürülebilir Enerji Eylem Planı. Erişim tarihi: 17.05.2023. https://matchupantalya.org/Uploads/d9eda15f80eb4a7ca36376ea568ba8aa.pdf
  • Antalya BB. 2017. Aksu - Döşemealtı -Kepez -Muratpaşa -Konyaaltı -Serik İlçeleri 2040 Yılı 1/25000 Ölçekli Nazım İmar Planı Plan Açıklama Raporu.
  • Appio, F.P., Lima, M. ve Paroutis, S. 2019. “Understanding Smart Cities: Innovation ecosystems, technological advancements, and societal challenges.” Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 142(May 2019): 1-14.
  • Arafah, Y. ve Winarso, H. 2017. “Redefining smart city concept with resilience approach.” IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 70: 012065.
  • Boğaziçi Proje. 2019. “Antalya Ulaşım Ana Planı.” Erişim tarihi: 13.12.2019. https://www.bogaziciproje.com.tr/projelerimiz/antalya-ulasim-ana-plani
  • Brass, K. 2017. “Redesigning the Grid: Barcelona’s Experiment with Superblocks.” Erişim tarihi: 11.05.2020. https://urbanland.uli.org/planning-design/barcelonas-experiment-superblocks/
  • Brisbane City Council. 2018. “Transport Plan for Brisbane — Strategic Directions.” Erişim tarihi: 17.05.2023. https://www.brisbane.qld.gov.au/sites/default/files/20181115_-_transport_plan_for_brisbane_-_strategic_directions.pdf
  • Camboim, G.F., Zawislak, P.A. ve Pufal, N.A. 2019. “Driving elements to make cities smarter: Evidences from European projects.” Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 142(May 2019): 154-167. Caragliu , A., Del Bo, C. ve Nijkamp, P. 2011. “Smart Cities in Europe.” Journal of Urban Technology, 18(2): 65-82. Casini, M. 2017. “Green Technology for Smart Cities.” IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 83(1): 012014. Chen, X. 2017. A Comparative Study of Supergrid and Superblock Urban Structure in China and Japan- Rethinking the Chinese Superblocks: Learning from Japanese Experience. A Thesis Submitted for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy, The University of Sydney, Australia.
  • Chourabi H., Nam, T.,Walker, S., Gil-Garcia, J. R., Mellouli, S., Nahon, K., Pardo, T. A. ve Scholl, H. J. 2012. “Understanding Smart Cities: An Integrative Framework.” 45th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, 2289-2297, Maui, HI, USA.
  • Cirit, F. 2014. Sürdürülebilir Kent İçi Ulaşım Politikaları ve Toplu Taşıma Sistemlerinin Karşılaştırılması. Uzmanlık Tezi, TC Kalkınma Bakanlığı, İktisadi Sektörler ve Koordinasyonlar Genel Müdürlüğü, Ankara.
  • Colding, J. ve Barthel, S. 2017. “An urban ecology critique on the “Smart City” model.” Journal of Cleaner Production, 164(15): 95-101.
  • Contreras, G. ve Platonia, F. 2019. “Economic and policy uncertainty in climate change mitigation: The London Smart City case scenario.” Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 142(May 2019): 384-393.
  • EIP-SCC ve European Commission. 2016. “Towards a Joint Investment Programme for European Smart Cities, Marketplace of the European Innovation Partnership on Smart Cities and Communities.” A Consultation Paper to Stimulate Action. Erişim tarihi: 15.02.2020. https://eu-smartcities.eu/sites/default/files/2018-06/EIP SCC_TOWARDS%20A%20JOINT%20INVESTMENT-Paper.pdf
  • Foster, J., Lowe, A. ve Winkelman, S. 2011. The Value of Green Infrastructure for Urban Climate Adaptation. Washington DC: The Center for Clean Air Policy. Erişim tarihi: 17.05.2023. https://savetherain.us/wp-content/uploads/2011/10/Green_Infrastructure_Urban_Climate_Adaptation.pdf
  • Francini, M., Chieffallo, L., Palermo, A. ve Viapiana, M.F. 2019. “Estimation of the Smart Land Index: application to the rural context of the Crati Valley.” European Planning Studies, 28(4): 749-770.
  • Giffinger, R. ve Gudrun, H. 2010. “Smart Cities Ranking: An Effective Instrument for the Positioning Of Cities?” Architecture, City and Environment = Arquitectura, Ciudad y Entorno, IV(12): 7-25.
  • GYODER. 2017. “Antalya İli Yatırım Alanları Vizyon Raporu.” Gelişen Kentler Zirvesi. Erişim tarihi: 17.05.2023. https://www.gyoder.org.tr/uploads/Yay%C4%B1nlar/arastirma_raporlari/ar1.pdf Harrison, C. ve Donnelly, I.A. 2011. “A Theory of Smart Cities.” 55th Annual Meeting of the ISSS-2011, 17-22, Hull.
  • Heinrich Böll Stiftung Derneği Türkiye Temsilciliği 2013. “Yeşil Ulaşım.” 3. Yeşil Ekonomi Konferansı, 23–24 Haziran 2012, İstanbul.
  • Hollands, R.G. 2008. “Will the real smart city please stand up? City: Analysis of Urban trends, culture, theory, policy, action.” City, 12(3): 303-320.
  • Kelkar V.S. 2017. Investigating the Concept of Green City Design Criteria on the Urban Form and the User Experience of the New Songdo City in South Korea. Master Thesis, Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Seoul National University.
  • Koçak, İ., Sarı, C. ve Özen, H. 2005. "Antalya da Kentiçi Ulaşımının Çeşitlendirilmesine Bir Öneri Bisiklet Kullanımı." Antalya Yöresinin İnşaat Mühendisliği Sorunları Kongresi, Cilt.2, 497-511, Antalya.
  • Kolotouchkina, O. ve Seisdedos, G. 2018. “Place branding strategies in the context of new smart cities: Songdo IBD, Masdar and Skolkovo.” Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, 12(2): 115–124.
  • Konyaaltı Belediyesi. 2019. T.C. Konyaaltı Belediye Başkanlığı 2020-2024 Yılları Stratejik Planı. Antalya.
  • Lichá, A. 2018. “"Green" and "Smart" Cities Diffusion: The Case of Songdo, Korea.” International Perspectives on Translation, Education, and Innovation in Japanese and Korean Societies içinde (der.) D. G. Hebert, 223-240. Springer International Publishing.
  • Manavoğlu, E. ve Ortaçeşme, V. 2015. “Antalya Kenti Yeşil Alanlarının Çok Ölçütlü Analizi ve Planlama Stratejilerinin Geliştirilmesi.” Akdeniz Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 28(1): 11-19.
  • Manavoğlu, E. ve Ortaçeşme, V. 2007. “Konyaaltı Kentsel Alanında Bir Yeşil Alan Sistem Önerisi Geliştirilmesi.” Akdeniz Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 20(2): 261-271.
  • Marsal-Llacuna M.L., Colomer-Llinàs J. ve Meléndez-Frigola J. 2015. “Lessons in urban monitoring taken from sustainable and livable cities to better address the Smart Cities initiative.” Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 90(Part B): 611-622.
  • Martin, C.J., Evans, J. ve Karvonen, A. 2018. “Smart and sustainable? Five tensions in the visions and practices of the smart-sustainable city in Europe and North America.” Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 133(August 2018): 269-278.
  • Mueller, N., David Rojas-Rueda, D., Khreis, H., Cirach, M., Andrés, D., Ballester, J., Bartoll, X., Daher, C., Deluca, A., Echave, C., Milà, C., Márquez, S., Palou, J., Pérez, K., Tonne, C., Stevenson, M., Rueda, S. ve Nieuwenhuijsen, M. 2020. “Changing the urban design of cities for health: The superblock model.” Environment International, 134(January 2020): 105132.
  • Nouri, H. Chavoshi Borujeni, S. ve Hoekstra, A.Y. 2019. “The blue water footprint of urban green spaces: An example for Adelaide, Australia.” Landscape and Urban Planning, 190(October 2019): 103613.
  • Ortaçeşme V., Yıldırım E. ve Manavoğlu E. 2005. “Kentsel Yeşil Alan Fonksiyonları Düzleminde Antalya Kenti Yeşil Alanlarına Bir Bakış.” Antalya Yöresinin İnşaat Mühendisliği Sorunları Kongresi, 22-24 Eylül 2005, Cilt 2, 539-549, Antalya.
  • Perez-del Hoyo, R. ve Lees, M.C. 2017. “Redefining the Smart City concept: the importance of humanizing ‘Intelligent’ cities.” 24th ISUF International Conference: City and territory in the Globalization Age Conference, 27-29 September 2017, Valencia.
  • Polo Lopez, C. S. ve Frontini, F. 2015. Städtische Verdichtung und Energie Verhalten der Bestehenden Gebäude. University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland, VerGe Project, Lugano/Canobbio.
  • Rueda, S. 2019. “Superblocks for the Design of New Cities and Renovation of Existing Ones: Barcelona’s Case.” Integrating Human Health into Urban and Transport Planning içinde (der.) M. Nieuwenhuijsen ve H. Khreis, 135-153. Springer International Publishing.
  • Schuetze, T. ve Chelleri L. 2015. “Urban Sustainability Versus Green-Washing—Fallacy and Reality of Urban Regeneration in Downtown Seoul.” Sustainability, 8(1): 33.
  • Scoppa, M. Bawazir K. ve Alawadia, K. 2018. “Walking the superblocks: Street layout efficiency and the sikkak system in Abu Dhabi.” Sustainable Cities and Society, 38(April 2018): 359-369.
  • Serbanica, C. ve Constantin, D.L. 2017. “Sustainable cities in central and eastern European countries. Moving towards smart specialization.” Habitat International, 68(October 2017): 55-63.
  • Sorin-George, T. ve Andreea, S. 2018. “Learning from a Smart City-State in the Age of Globalization.” Basiq International Conference: New Trends in Sustainable Business and Consumption, 706-713.
  • Vardakas, J.S., Zenginis, I., Zorba, N., Echave, C., Morato, M. ve Verikoukis, C. 2018. “Electrical Energy Savings through Efficient Cooperation of Urban Buildings: The Smart Community Case of Superblocks' in Barcelona.” IEEE Communications Magazine, 56(11): 102-109.
  • Vassileva, I. Dahlquist, E. ve Campillo, J. 2016. “The citizens’ role in energy smart city development.” Energy Procedia, 88:200-204.
  • Wang, D., Li, X.(R.) ve Li, Y. 2013. “China's “smart tourism destination” initiative: A taste of the service-dominant logic.” Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 2(2): 59-61.
  • Wise, S. 2008. “Green Infrastructure Rising Best practices in stormwater management.” Planning, 74(8): 14–19.
  • Wlodarczak, P. 2017. “Smart Cities – Enabling Technologies for Future Living.” City Networks, içinde (der.) A. Karakitsiou vd., 1-16. Springer International Publishing.
  • Wood, L. 2011.  “Global Marine Protection Targets: How S.M.A.R.T are They?” Environmental Management, 47: 525–535.
  • Yiğitcanlar, T., Han, H., Kamruzzaman, M., Ioppolo, G., ve Marquese, S. 2019. “The making of smart cities: Are Songdo, Masdar, Amsterdam, San Francisco and Brisbane the best we could build?” Land Use Policy, 88(November 2019): 104187.
Toplam 56 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Şehir ve Bölge Planlama
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Fatmana Arslan Bu kişi benim 0000-0002-2332-0467

Ziya Gençel Bu kişi benim 0000-0001-5143-3306

Yayımlanma Tarihi 23 Mayıs 2023
Gönderilme Tarihi 18 Ağustos 2020
Kabul Tarihi 28 Kasım 2022
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2022 Cilt: 04 Sayı: 01-02

Kaynak Göster

APA Arslan, F., & Gençel, Z. (2023). Ekolojik Akıllı Kent Bağlamında Kentsel Dokular. Eskiz: Şehir Ve Bölge PLanlama Dergisi, 04(01-02), 1-23. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8068248