Determination of the impacts of titanium dioxide nanoparticles on a number of xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes in rat liver

Abstract

Nanotechnology techniques are used in many applications, such as cancer treatment, radiological imaging methods, and pharmaceutical industry, as well as in the microbiology field, tissue regeneration, injury healing, treatment of some chronic diseases, and production of vaccines. Whereas products of nanotechnology have a lot of benefits mentioned in our life, they also have some systemic, genetic, and toxic effects in organisms. This study’s goal was to reveal the impacts of titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles on a number of xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes in the rat liver fraction. In the current research, adult Wistar albino rats having a weight of approximately 150-200 g and fed under normal conditions were utilized. The incubation of four various concentrations of TiO2 nanoparticles (0.5, 1, 5, and 10 ppm) was performed in the liver fractions. We studied the effects of TiO2 nanoparticles on some enzymes identified in the microsomal fraction, such as N-nitrosodimethylamine demethylase (cytochrome P4502E1), NADPH cytochrome c reductase, NADH cytochrome b5 reductase, and other enzymes found in the cytosolic fraction, e.g. glutathione-S-transferase (GST), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH), and glutathione level (GSH). GST, G6PDH, NADH-cytochrome b5 reductase, and NADPH cytochrome c reductase levels decreased statistically significantly, whereas the GSH level increased significantly in comparison with controls (p <0.05). Cytochrome P4502E1 induction did not change in comparison with controls (p> 0.05). Accordingly, in this study, we have shown that TiO2 nanoparticles are capable of inhibiting xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes. Therefore, this inhibition can affect the detoxification system negatively.

Keywords

• Xenobiotic-Metabolizing Enzymes,
• Titanium Dioxide
• Nanoparticles

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