<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.4 20241031//EN"
        "https://jats.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/1.4/JATS-journalpublishing1-4.dtd">
<article  article-type="research-article"        dtd-version="1.4">
            <front>

                <journal-meta>
                                    <journal-id></journal-id>
            <journal-title-group>
                                                                                    <journal-title>EKEV Akademi Dergisi</journal-title>
            </journal-title-group>
                            <issn pub-type="ppub">1301-6229</issn>
                                        <issn pub-type="epub">2148-0710</issn>
                                                                                            <publisher>
                    <publisher-name>Erzurum Kültür Eğitim Vakfı</publisher-name>
                </publisher>
                    </journal-meta>
                <article-meta>
                                        <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17753/sosekev.1459457</article-id>
                                                                <article-categories>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="en">
                                                            <subject>Teacher Education and Professional Development of Educators</subject>
                                                            <subject>Curriculum and Instration (Other)</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="tr">
                                                            <subject>Öğretmen Eğitimi ve Eğitimcilerin Mesleki Gelişimi</subject>
                                                            <subject>Eğitim Programları ve Öğretim (Diğer)</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                    </article-categories>
                                                                                                                                                        <title-group>
                                                                                                                        <trans-title-group xml:lang="tr">
                                    <trans-title>Özel Eğitim Okullarında Çalışan Öğretmenlerin Sınıf Yönetim Becerileri, Öz-Yeterlilik ve Program Okuryazarlık Düzeyleri Arasındaki İlişki</trans-title>
                                </trans-title-group>
                                                                                                                                                                                                <article-title>THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE CLASSROOM MANAGEMENT SKILLS, SELF-EFFICACY, AND CURRICULUM LITERACY LEVELS OF TEACHERS WORKING IN SPECIAL EDUCATION SCHOOLS</article-title>
                                                                                                    </title-group>
            
                                                    <contrib-group content-type="authors">
                                                                        <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                    <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">
                                        https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0578-0766</contrib-id>
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Ünal</surname>
                                    <given-names>Özlem</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                    <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                    <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">
                                        https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8902-437X</contrib-id>
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Kırkıç</surname>
                                    <given-names>Kamil Arif</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>İstanbul Sabahattin Zaim Üniversitesi</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                                                </contrib-group>
                        
                                        <pub-date pub-type="pub" iso-8601-date="20241218">
                    <day>12</day>
                    <month>18</month>
                    <year>2024</year>
                </pub-date>
                                                    <issue>100</issue>
                                        <fpage>117</fpage>
                                        <lpage>129</lpage>
                        
                        <history>
                                    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="20240326">
                        <day>03</day>
                        <month>26</month>
                        <year>2024</year>
                    </date>
                                                    <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="20241118">
                        <day>11</day>
                        <month>18</month>
                        <year>2024</year>
                    </date>
                            </history>
                                        <permissions>
                    <copyright-statement>Copyright © 2013, EKEV Akademi Dergisi</copyright-statement>
                    <copyright-year>2013</copyright-year>
                    <copyright-holder>EKEV Akademi Dergisi</copyright-holder>
                </permissions>
            
                                                                                                <trans-abstract xml:lang="tr">
                            <p>Özel eğitimin önemi son yıllarda artmaktadır. Ortaya çıkan bu durum çerçevesinde, özel eğitim okullarında çalışan öğretmenlerin sahip oldukları beceriler ve özellikler de araştırma konusu olmaktadır. Bu araştırmada nicel araştırma modellerinden korelasyonel model kullanılmıştır. Çalışmaya, özel eğitim okullarında çalışan 421 öğretmen katılmıştır. Veriler Sınıf Yönetimi Becerileri Ölçeği, Öğretmen Özyeterlik İnancı Ölçeği ve Eğitim Programı Okuryazarlığı Ölçeği ile toplanmıştır. Veriler 2021 yılı bahar döneminde online olarak toplanmıştır. Veri analizinde Pearson Korelasyon analizi ve Çoklu Regresyon Analizi kullanılmıştır. Üç değişken arasında pozitif orta düzeyde bir korelasyon olduğu belirlenmiştir. Öğretmen özyeterlik inancı ve eğitim program okuryazarlığı değişkenlerinin özel eğitim öğretmenlerinin sınıf yönetim becerilerinin %38,6’sını yordadığı bulunmuştur. Öğretmenlerin öz-yeterlik inançlarının ve program okuryazarlığının güçlendirilmesi, öğretmenlerin sınıf yönetimi becerilerine katkıda bulunacaktır.</p></trans-abstract>
                                                                                                                                    <abstract><p>The significance of special education has been on the rise recently. Considering this trend, there has been a growing interest in studying the abilities and attributes of teachers working in special education institutions. This study explored the connection between classroom management skills, self-efficacy beliefs, and proficiency in curriculum among teachers in special education settings. Employing a correlational, quantitative research model, this study involved 421 teachers from special education schools. The classroom management skills scale, teacher self-efficacy belief scale, and curriculum literacy scale, conducted online in the spring of 2021, were used to collect data. Statistical analyses included Pearson correlation analysis. After calculating the correlation between the variables, multiple regression analyses were employed. The findings revealed a moderate positive correlation among the three variables. Furthermore, it was established that teachers&#039; self-efficacy beliefs and curriculum literacy significantly predicted 38.6% of their classroom management skills. Enhancing teachers&#039; self-efficacy beliefs and curriculum literacy is beneficial for improving their classroom management abilities.</p></abstract>
                                                            
            
                                                                                        <kwd-group>
                                                    <kwd>Classroom management skills</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Program literacy</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Special education teacher</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Special education</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Teacher self-efficacy</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                            
                                                <kwd-group xml:lang="tr">
                                                    <kwd>Özel eğitim</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Özel eğitim öğretmeni</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Sınıf yönetimi becerileri</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Öğretmen öz-yeterliği</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Program okur-yazarlığı</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                                                                                                                                        </article-meta>
    </front>
    <back>
                            <ref-list>
                                    <ref id="ref1">
                        <label>1</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Akyildiz, S. (2020). Eğitim programı okuryazarlığı kavramının kavramsal yönden analizi: Bir ölçek geliştirme çalışması. Elektronik Sosyal Bilimler, 19(73), 315-332. https://doi.org/10.17755/esosder.554205</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref2">
                        <label>2</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Akyol, T. (2021). Okul öncesi öğretmenlerinin sınıf yönetimi becerileri ile çocukların katılım düzeyleri arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi. EKEV Akademi Dergisi, (85), 453-468.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref3">
                        <label>3</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Atici, M. (2002). Öğrenci istenmeyen davranışlarıyla baş etmede Türk ve İngiliz öğretmenlerin kullandıkları yöntemlerin karşılaştırılması. Kuram ve Uygulamada Eğitim Yönetimi Dergisi, 8(1), 9-26.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref4">
                        <label>4</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Appelbaum, S. H., &amp; Hare, A. (1996). Self-efficacy as a mediator of goal setting and performance. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 11(3), 33-47. https://doi.org/10.1108/02683949610113584</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref5">
                        <label>5</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Avcıoglu, H. (2017). Classroom teachers’ behaviors and peers’ acceptance of students in inclusive classrooms. Educational Sciences: Theory &amp; Practice, 17(2), 463–492. http://dx.doi.org/10.12738/estp.2017.2.0034</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref6">
                        <label>6</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Aybek, B., &amp; Aslan, S. (2019). The predictive power of the pre-service teachers&#039; self-efficacy beliefs upon their preparedness to teach. International Education Studies, 12(9), 27-33.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref7">
                        <label>7</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Bandura, A. (1997). Self-efficacy: The exercise of control. Freeman.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref8">
                        <label>8</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Beard, K.S., Hoy, W.K., &amp; Hoy, A.W. (2010). Academic optimism of individual teachers: Confirming a new construct. Teaching and Teacher Education, 26(5), 1136–1144. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2010.02.003</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref9">
                        <label>9</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Bedel, E. F. (2016). Exploring academic motivation, academic self-efficacy and attitudes toward teaching in pre-service early childhood education teachers. Journal of Education and Training Studies, 4(1), 142–149.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref10">
                        <label>10</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Benight, C. C., &amp; Bandura, A. (2004). Social cognitive theory of posttraumatic recovery: The role of perceived self-efficacy. Behavior Research and Therapy, 42(10), 1129-1148. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2003.08.008</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref11">
                        <label>11</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Berkant, H. G., &amp; Baysal, S. (2018). An analysis of the changes in pre-service teachers&#039; perceptions of teacher and academic self-efficacy and their relations with several variables. International Online Journal of Educational Sciences, 10(4).</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref12">
                        <label>12</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Bernadowski, C., Perry, R., &amp; Del Greco, R. (2013). Improving preservice teachers’ self-efficacy through service learning: Lessons learned. International Journal of Instruction, 6(2), 67-86.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref13">
                        <label>13</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Bloom, B. S. (1979). İnsan nitelikleri ve okulda öğrenme (Çev. Ed. D.A. Özçelik). Millî Eğitim.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref14">
                        <label>14</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Bolat, Y. (2014). The hidden curriculum of the classroom from the student’s point of view. Adıyaman Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 7(18), 510-536.  https://doi.org/10.14520/adyusbd.781</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref15">
                        <label>15</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Bolat, Y. (2017). Eğitim programı okuryazarlığı kavramı ve eğitim programı okuryazarlığı ölçeği. Journal of Turkish Studies, 12(18), 121–138. http://dx.doi.org/10.7827/TurkishStudies.1210</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref16">
                        <label>16</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Brouwers, A., &amp; Tomic, W. (2000). A longitudinal study of teacher burnout and perceived self-efficacy in classroom management. Teaching and Teacher Education, 16(2), 239–253. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0742-051X(99)00057-8</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref17">
                        <label>17</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Celik, V. (2003). Sınıf yönetimi. Nobel.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref18">
                        <label>18</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Cetinkaya, S., &amp; Tabak, S. (2019). Öğretmen adaylarının eğitim programı okuryazarlık yeterlilikleri. Ondokuz Mayıs University Journal of Education Faculty, 38(1), 296-309. https://doi.org/10.7822/omuefd.535482</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref19">
                        <label>19</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Chao, C. N. G., Sze, W., Chow, E., Forlin, C., &amp; Ho, F. C. (2017). Improving teachers’ self-efficacy in applying teaching and learning strategies and classroom management to students with special education needs in Hong Kong. Teaching and Teacher Education, 66, 360-369 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2017.05.0049.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref20">
                        <label>20</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Colak, İ., Yorulmaz, Y. İ., &amp; Altinkurt, Y. (2017). Öğretmen özyeterlik inancı ölçeği geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. Muğla Sıtkı Koçman Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 4(1), 20-32. https://doi.org/10.21666/muefd.319209</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref21">
                        <label>21</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Demirel, Ö. (2004). Eğitimde program geliştirme (7. basım). Pegem A.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref22">
                        <label>22</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Dicke, T., Parker, P. D., Marsh, H. W., Kunter, M., Schmeck, A., &amp; Leutner, D. (2014). Self-efficacy in classroom management, classroom disturbances, and emotional exhaustion: A moderated mediation analysis of teacher candidates. Journal of Educational Psychology, 106(2), 569–583. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0035504</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref23">
                        <label>23</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Duffin, L.C., French, B.F., &amp; Patrick, H. (2012). The teachers’ sense of efficacy scale: Confirming the factor structure with beginning pre-service teachers. Teaching and Teacher Education, 28(6), 827–834. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2012.03.004</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref24">
                        <label>24</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Emmer, E. T., &amp; Hickman, J. (1991). Teacher efficacy in classroom management and discipline. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 51(3),755-765. https://doi.org/10.1177/001316449151302</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref25">
                        <label>25</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Erdem, C., &amp; Egmir, E. (2018). Öğretmen adaylarının eğitim programı okuryazarlığı düzeyleri. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 20(2), 123-138. https://doi.org/10.32709/akusosbil.428727</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref26">
                        <label>26</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Fraenkel, J.R., Wallen, N.E., &amp; Hyun, H. H. (2012). How to design and evaluate research in education. McGraw Hill.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref27">
                        <label>27</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Finn, J. D., Pannozzo, G. M., &amp; Voelkl, K. E. (1995). Disruptive and inattentive-withdrawn behavior and achievement among fourth graders. The Elementary School Journal, 95(5), 421-434. https://doi.org/10.1086/461853</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref28">
                        <label>28</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Geiger, B. (2000). Discipline in K through 8th grade classrooms. Education, 121(2), 383–393.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref29">
                        <label>29</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Gierczyk, M., &amp; Hornby, G. (2021). Twice-exceptional students: Review of implications for special and inclusive education. Education Sciences, 11(2), 85.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref30">
                        <label>30</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Gilberts, G. H., &amp; Lignugaris-Kraft, B. (1997). Classroom management and instruction competencies for preparing elementary and special education teachers. Teaching and Teacher Education, 13(6), 597-610.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref31">
                        <label>31</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Heward, W. L. (2012). Exceptional children: An introduction to special education (10th ed.). Pearson Education.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref32">
                        <label>32</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Karahan, Ş., &amp; Balat, G. U. (2011). Özel eğitim okullarında çalışan eğitimcilerin öz-yeterlik algılarının ve tükenmişlik düzeylerinin incelenmesi. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 29(29), 1-14.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref33">
                        <label>33</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Karakus, F. (2016). Öğretmen adaylarının birleştirilmiş sınıf öğretmeni olmaya yönelik algıları. Turkish Studies, 11(19), 491–510. http://dx.doi.org/10.7827/TurkishStudies.10056</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref34">
                        <label>34</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Kaya, N.G., &amp; Ataman, A. (2017). Effectiveness of Teacher education program developed for teachers of gifted students. Journal for the Education of Gifted Young Scientists, 5(4),1-30.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref35">
                        <label>35</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Kilic, D., &amp; Mutlu Aydın, S. (2016). Sınıf öğretmenlerinin sınıf yönetimi eğilimleri. EKEV Akademi Dergisi (65), 469-484.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref36">
                        <label>36</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Kirkic, K. A. (2019). A study on the university placement system for gifted children in Turkey. Journal of Education and Learning, 8(3), 59–68.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref37">
                        <label>37</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Kirkic, K. A.  (2020). Tam öğrenme yönteminin öğrencilerin başarı ve hatırlama düzeyine etkisi. Efe Akademi.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref38">
                        <label>38</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Kirkic, K. A., &amp; Cetinkaya, F. (2020). The relationship between preschool teachers’ self-efficacy beliefs and their teaching attitudes. International Journal of Evaluation and Research in Education (IJERE), 9(4), 807-815. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijere.v9i4.20670</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref39">
                        <label>39</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Klassen, R. M., &amp; Usher, E. L. (2010). Self-efficacy in educational settings: Recent research and emerging directions. The decade ahead: Theoretical perspectives on motivation and achievement. Emerald.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref40">
                        <label>40</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Kurbanoğlu, S. S. (2004). Self-efficacy belief and its importance for information professionals. Information World, 5(2),137-152.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref41">
                        <label>41</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Kucuktepe, S. E. (2010). A study on preservice English teachers’ self-efficacy perceptions and tendency towards academic dishonesty. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2(2), 4985-4990.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref42">
                        <label>42</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Lazarides, R., Watt, H. M., &amp; Richardson, P. W. (2020). Teachers’ classroom management self-efficacy, perceived classroom management, and teaching contexts from beginning until mid-career. Learning and Instruction, 69, 101346. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.learninstruc.2020.101346</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref43">
                        <label>43</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Lund, R. (1996). A whole-school behaviour policy. Kogan Page.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref44">
                        <label>44</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Lunenburg, F.C. (2011). Self-efficacy in the workplace: implications for motivation and performance. International Journal of Management, Business, and Administration, 14(1), 1-6.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref45">
                        <label>45</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Mavis, F. Ö., Cayci, D., &amp; Arslan, M. (2014). Evaluation of Turkey’s teacher training system from the viewpoint of experienced teachers (past, present, and future). Journal of Teacher Education and Educators, 3(1), 91-108.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref46">
                        <label>46</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">MoNE (2017). Öğretmenlik Mesleği Genel Yeterlikleri. Ankara: Öğretmen Yetiştirme ve Geliştirme Genel Müdürlüğü. http://oygm.meb.gov.tr/www/ogretmenlik-meslegi-genel yeterlikleri/icerik/39  adresinden 07 Temmuz 2021 tarihinde erişilmiştir.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref47">
                        <label>47</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">MoNE (2020). Güçlü Yarınlar İçin 2023 Eğitim Vizyonu. https://2023vizyonu.meb.gov.tr/doc/2023 _EGITIM_VIZYONU.pdf  adresinden 07 Temmuz 2021 tarihinde erişilmiştir.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref48">
                        <label>48</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">MoNE (2018). Özel Eğitim Hizmetleri Yönetmeliği. Resmî Gazete 07.07.2018 tarih ve 30471 Sayılı. https://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/eskiler/2018/07/20180707-8.htm adresinden 01 Temmuz 2021 tarihinde erişilmiştir.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref49">
                        <label>49</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Ngang, T. K., &amp; Abdullah, N. A. C. (2015). Teacher leadership and classroom management practice on special education with learning disability. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 205, 2-7.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref50">
                        <label>50</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Ozyurek, M. (2008). Nitelikli öğretmen yetiştirmede sorunlar ve çözümler: Özel eğitim örneği. Türk Eğitim Bilimleri Dergisi, 6(2), 189-226.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref51">
                        <label>51</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Pajares, F. (1996). Self-efficacy beliefs in academic settings. Review of Educational Research, 66(4), 543–578. https://doi.org/10.3102/0034654306600454</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref52">
                        <label>52</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Panc, T., Mihalcea, A., &amp; Panc, I. (2012). Self-efficacy survey: A new assessment tool. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 33, 880-884. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.01.248</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref53">
                        <label>53</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Pierangelo, R., &amp; Giuliani, G. (Eds.). (2007). Understanding assessment in the special education process: A step-by-step guide for educators. Corwin.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref54">
                        <label>54</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Raosoft, I. (2021). Raosoft sample size calculator. [http://www.raosoft.com/samplesize.html]</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref55">
                        <label>55</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Robinson, S. (2017). Fostering motivation and teacher self-efficacy using the guided reading method (Doctoral dissertation, Concordia University (Oregon).</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref56">
                        <label>56</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Ryan, A. M., Kuusinen, C. M., &amp; Bedoya-Skoog, A. (2015). Managing peer relations: A dimension of teacher self-efficacy that varies between elementary and middle school teachers and is associated with observed classroom quality. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 41, 147-156.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cedpsych.2015.01.002</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref57">
                        <label>57</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Schunk, D. H., &amp; Swartz, C. W. (1993). Goals and progress feedback: Effects on self-efficacy and writing achievement. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 18(3), 337-354. https://doi.org/10.1006/ceps.1993.1024</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref58">
                        <label>58</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Tabachnick, B.G., &amp; Fidell, L.S. (2018). Using multivariate statistics (7th ed.) Pearson.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref59">
                        <label>59</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Tschannen-Moran, M., Hoy, A. W., &amp; Hoy, W. K. (1998). Teacher efficacy: Its meaning and measure. Review of Educational Research, 68(2), 202-248. https://doi.org/10.3102/00346543068002202</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref60">
                        <label>60</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Tuncer, M., &amp; Taşpınar, M. (2008). The future of education and training in virtual environment and possible problems. Journal of Social Sciences, 10(1), 125-144.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref61">
                        <label>61</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Wheldall, K., &amp; Merrett, F. (1988). Which classroom behaviors do primary school teachers say they find most troublesome? Educational Review, 40(1), 13-27. https://doi.org/10.1080/0013191880400102</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref62">
                        <label>62</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Yalcinkaya, M., &amp; Tonbul, Y. (2002). İlköğretim okulu sınıf öğretmenlerinin sınıf yönetimi becerilerine ilişkin algı ve gözlemler. Ege Eğitim Dergisi, 1(2), 1-10.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref63">
                        <label>63</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Zimmerman, B. J., &amp; Bandura, A. (1994). Impact of self-regulation influences on writing course attainment. American Educational Research Journal, 31(4), 845-862.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref64">
                        <label>64</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Zimmerman, B.J. (1995). Self-efficacy and educational development. In A. Bandura (Ed.), Self-Efficacy in Changing Societies, (pp. 202–231. Cambridge University.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref65">
                        <label>65</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Zimmerman, B. J. (2000). Self-efficacy: An essential motivation to learn. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 25 (1), 82–91. https://doi.org/10.1006/ceps.1999.1016</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                            </ref-list>
                    </back>
    </article>
