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Spirituality as Part of the Whole: Gestalt Therapy’s View of Spirituality

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 2, 157 - 178, 15.06.2022
https://doi.org/10.37898/spc.2022.7.2.173

Öz

In contrast to the positivist perspective, which disregards the individual’s spiritual beliefs and needs, many contemporary psychological counseling approaches view spirituality as an essential part of the individual. Rather than ignoring these religious and spiritual dimensions, psychological counseling approaches now include them as part of the integrity of the individual and therapeutic processes. Gestalt therapy, whose development was pioneered by figures like Fritz Perls, Laura Perls, and Paul Goodman, aims to help clients achieve wholeness by gaining awareness of the here and now. Influenced by psychoanalysis, Gestalt psychology, existential philosophy, phenomenology, field theory, psychodrama, Eastern religions, and spirituality, Gestalt therapy evaluates the client as a whole on the premise that the whole is not the sum of its parts, but rather the fine coordination of all of them. This study assesses Gestalt therapy’s perspective on spirituality, the relationship between the basic concepts of Gestalt therapy and spirituality, and the application of spirituality in Gestalt therapy within this holistic framework.

Kaynakça

  • American Counseling Association (2014). Code of ethics. https://www.counseling.org/resources/aca-code-of-ethics.pdf
  • American Psychological Association. (t.y.). About division 36. https://www.apadivisions.org/division-36/about
  • Ayaz Başımoğlu, T. (2020). Geştalt yaklaşımının doğuşu. Temas: Geştalt Terapi Dergisi, 1, 9-56.
  • Ahammed, S. (2010). Applying Qur’anic metaphors in counseling. International Journal for the Advancement of Counselling, 32(4), 248–255. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10447-010-9104-2
  • Au, W. (1991). Gestalt therapy and the spiritual exercises of St. Ignatius. Studies in Formative Spirituality, 12(2), 197–213.
  • Beisser, A. (1970). The paradoxical theory of change. In J. Fagan, & I. Shepherd (Eds.), Gestalt therapy now (pp. 77-80). The Gestalt Journal Press.
  • Breitbart, W. (2002). Spirituality and meaning in supportive care: Spirituality-and meaning-centered group psychotherapy interventions in advanced cancer. Supportive Care in Cancer, 10(4), 272-280. 10.1007/s005200100289
  • Brownell, P. (2010). Gestalt therapy: A guide to contemporary practice. Springer Publishing Co.
  • Brownell, P. (2011). Spirituality in gestalt therapy. In T. B. Y. Levine (Ed.), Gestalt therapy: Advances in theory and practice (pp. 93-103). Routledge.
  • Buber, M. (2000). Tanrı tutulması [Eclipse of God] (A. Tüzer, Trans.). Lotus.
  • Corey, G. (2008). Psikolojik danışma, psikoterapi kuram ve uygulamaları [Theory and practice of counseling and psychotherapy] (T. Ergene, Trans.). Metis.
  • Clarkson, P. (1991). Gestalt counseling in action (4th edition). SAGE.
  • Crocker, S. F. (1998). The spiritual dimension of gestalt therapy [Abstract]. Gestalt Review, 2(2), 171. https://doi.org/10.2307gestaltreview.2.2.0171
  • Çağrıcı, M., & Hökelekli, H. (2012). İrade. İslam Ansiklopedisi içinde (Cilt 22, ss. 380-384). TDV Yayınları.
  • Daş, C. (2017). Geştalt terapi: Bütünleşmek ve büyümek (5. Baskı). Altınordu Yayınları.
  • Ekşi, H., & İme, Y. (2020). Manevi danışmanlıkta etik konular. H. Ekşi (Ed.), Manevi yönelimli psikolojik danışma içinde (ss. 341-358). Nobel.
  • Ekşi, H., Kaya, Ç., & Çiftçi, M. (2016). Maneviyat ve psikolojik danışma. H. Ekşi ve Ç. Kaya (Ed.), Manevi yönelimli psikoloterapi ve psikolojik içinde (ss. 13-28). Kaknüs.
  • Ekşi, H., & Keskinoğlu, M. Ş. (2020). Manevi yönelimli psikolojik danışma teknikleri. H. Ekşi (Ed.), Manevi yönelimli psikolojik danışma içinde (ss. 219-264). Nobel.
  • Elliott, N. (2013). Catching dreams: Applying Gestalt dream work to Canadian Aboriginal peoples. First Peoples Child & Family Review, 7(2), 34-42. https://doi.org/10.7202/1068839ar
  • Fantz, R. E., & Roberts, A. (1998). The dreamer and the dream: Essays and reflections on Gestalt therapy. Gestalt Press.
  • Feder, B. (2001). Spirituality: Irrelevant to Gestalt therapy: A response to Ruth Wolfert. British Gestalt Journal, 10(1), 43–44.
  • Frager, R. (2009). Manevi rehberlik ve benötesi psikoloji üzerine paylaşımlar [Sharing sacred stories: Current approaches to spiritual direction and guidance] (Ö. Çolakoğlu, Trans.). Kaknüs.
  • Fry, L. W. (2003). Toward a theory of spiritual leadership. The Leadership Quarterly, 14(6), 693–727. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.leaqua.2003.09.001
  • Ginger, S. (2007). Gestalt therapy: The art of contact. Karnac.
  • Griffith, J. L., & Griffith, M. E. (2002). Encountering the sacred in psychotherapy: How to talk with people about their spiritual lives. The Guilford Press.
  • Gürdil Birinci, G. (2017). The spiritual dimension of Gestalt therapy approach. Contact: Journal of Gestalt Therapy, 2(2), 35-81.
  • Harman, R. L. (1974). Techniques of Gestalt therapy. Professional Psychology, 5(3), 257–263. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0037289
  • Hathaway, W. L. (2011). Ethical guidelines for using spiritually oriented interventions. In J. D. Aten, M. R. McMinn, & E. L. Worthington, Jr., Spiritually oriented interventions for counseling and psychotherapy (pp. 65–81). American Psychological Association. https://doi.org/10.1037/12313-003
  • Hemşinli, H. (2014, October). Mevlâna ve Martin Buber'de Ben-Sen ilişkisi [Paper presentation] 3. Uluslararası Mesnevi Sempozyumu, Urumiye, İran.
  • Hodge D. R. (2001). Spiritual assessment: A review of major qualitative methods and a new framework for assessing spirituality. Social Work, 46(3), 203–214. https://doi.org/10.1093/sw/46.3.203
  • Joyce, P., & Sills, C. (2014). Skills in Gestalt counselling & psychotherapy. SAGE.
  • Kabat-Zinn, J. (2005). Full catastrophe living: Using the wisdom of your body and mind to face stress, pain, and illness (15th anniversary ed.). Delta Trade Paperback/Bantam Dell.
  • Kara, E. (2020). Main strategies of mindfulness and acceptance psychotherapies and Islam. Eskiyeni, 40, 377-406. https://doi.org/ 10.37697/eskiyeni.672921
  • Kılıçoğlu, M. (2021). Willpower: A study from perspective of the psychology of religion. Journal of Divinity Faculty of Kastamonu University, 5(1), 130-158.
  • Killoran, C. A. (1993). A spiritual dimension of Gestalt therapy. [Unpublished doctoral dissertation]. Garrett-Evangelical Theological Seminary.
  • Koenig, H. G., McCullough, M. E., & Larson, D. B. (2001). Handbook of religion and health. Oxford University Press.
  • Kristeller, J. (2011). Spirituality and meditation. In J. D. Aten, M. R. McMinn, & E. L. Worthington, Jr., Spiritually oriented interventions for counseling and psychotherapy (pp. 197–227). American Psychological Association. https://doi.org/10.1037/12313-008
  • Qur’an. (M. M. Ali Trans.). (2013). Ahmadiyya Anjuman Ishaat Islam.
  • Lines, D. (2006). Spirituality in counselling and psychotherapy. SAGE.
  • Mackewn, J. (1997). Developing Gestalt counselling. SAGE.
  • Mann, D. (2010). Gestalt therapy: 100 key points and techniques. Routledge.
  • Miller, G. (2003). Incorporating spirituality in counseling and psychotherapy: Theory and technique. John Wiley & Sons Inc.
  • Naranjo, C. (1978). Gestalt therapy as a transpersonal approach. Gestalt Journal, 1(2), 75–81.
  • Nelson, J. M. (2009). Psychology, religion, and spirituality. Springer.
  • O’Leary, E. (2013). Gestalt therapy around the World. Wiley-Blackwell.
  • Pargament, K. I. (1999). The psychology of religion and spirituality? Yes and no. International Journal for the Psychology of Religion, 9(1), 3–16.
  • Pargament, K. I. (2007). Spiritually integrated psychotherapy: Understanding and addressing the sacred. Guilford Press.
  • Perls, F. S. (1969). Gestalt therapy verbatim. Real People Press.
  • Perls, F., Hefferline, R., & Goodman, P. (1994). Gestalt therapy: Excitement & growth in the human personality. The Gestalt Journal Press.
  • Philippson, P. (2012). Mind and matter: The implications of neuroscience research for Gestalt psychotherapy. In T. B. Y. Levine (Ed), Gestalt therapy: Advances in theory and practice (pp. 83-92). Routledge.
  • Post, B. C., & Wade, N. G. (2009). Religion and spirituality in psychotherapy: A practice-friendly review of research. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 65(2), 131–146. https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.20563
  • Richards, P. S., & Bergin, A. E. (1997). A spiritual strategy for counseling and psychotherapy. American Psychological Association.
  • Richards, P. S., & Worthington, E. L., Jr. (2010). The need for evidence-based, spiritually oriented psychotherapies. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 41(5), 363-370. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0019469
  • Rose, E. M., Westefeld, J. S., & Ansely, T. N. (2001). Spiritual issues in counseling: Clients' beliefs and preferences. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 48(1), 61–71. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0167.48.1.61
  • Sayın, E. (2012). Tasavvuf ve psikoloji açısından ibnü’l-vakt anlayışının etkileri. Marife Dini Araştırmalar Dergisi, 12(3), 177-190.
  • Seligman, L., & Reichenberg, L. W. (2014). Theories of counseling and psychotherapy: Systems, strategies, and skills (4th ed.). Pearson.
  • Serlin, I. A., & Shane, P. (1999). Laura Perls and gestalt therapy: Her life and values. In D. Moss (Ed.), Humanistic and transpersonal psychology: A historical and biographical sourcebook (pp. 374-383). Greenwood Press.
  • Skottun, G., & Krüger, Å. (2022). Gestalt therapy practice: Theory and experiential learning. Routledge.
  • Shane, P. (1999). Fritz Perls and Paul Goodman: When Ahasuerus met Erasmus. In D. Moss (Ed.), Humanistic and transpersonal psychology: A historical and biographical sourcebook (pp. 354-373). Greenwood Press.
  • Simpkins, A. M., & Simpkins, C. A. (2016). Core principles of meditation for therapy: Improving the outcomes for psychotherapeutic treatments. John Wiley & Sons.
  • Sperry, L. (2012). Spirituality in clinical practice: Theory and practice of spiritually oriented psychotherapy (2nd ed.). Routledge.
  • Şeker, N., & Karakurt, B. (2018). Dini ibadetlerle psikoterapi. Kilis 7 Aralık Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi, 5(8), 165-187.
  • Tagay, Ö., & Voltan Acar, N. (2020). Gestalt terapi. Z. Karataş ve Y. Yavuzer (Eds), Psikolojik danışma ve psikoterapi kuramları: Örnek uygulamalarla temel ve güncel kuramlar içinde (ss. 205-230) (3. Baskı). Pegem.
  • Tüzer, A. (2009). Varoluşçu düşünür Martin Buber’in diyalog felsefesi ve bu felsefi yaklaşımın eğitim açısından uzanımları. FLSF Felsefe ve Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 8, 18-39.
  • Uyar, M. (2021). Tasavvufta zıt kavramların anlamsal zemini. Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi, 50, 277-319. https://doi.org/10.17120/omuifd.844751
  • Voltan Acar, N. (2012). Gestalt terapi: Ne kadar farkındayım? (5. Baskı). Nobel.
  • Williams, L. (2006). Spirituality and gestalt: A gestalt-transpersonal perspective. Gestalt Review, 10(1), 6-21.
  • Yıldırım, A. (2003). Zıtlık kavramı ve divan şiirinde zerre-güneş sembolizmi. Bilig, 25, 125-138.
  • Yıldız, M. (2021). Geleceğin korkusunu geçmişin hüznünü taşımayan insan: İbnü’l-vakt. Sufiyye, 11, 79-98. https://doi.org/10.46231/sufiyye.1014096

Bütünün Bir Parçası Olarak Maneviyat: Gestalt Terapinin Maneviyata Bakışı

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 2, 157 - 178, 15.06.2022
https://doi.org/10.37898/spc.2022.7.2.173

Öz

Bireyin manevi inançları ve ihtiyaçlarını göz ardı eden pozitivist anlayışın aksine günümüzde psikolojik danışma yaklaşımlarının önemli bir bölümü, maneviyatı bireyin önemli bir parçası olarak değerlendirmektedir. Psikolojik danışma yaklaşımları, bireyin dini ve manevi boyutlarını görmezden gelmek yerine artık bunları bireyin bütünselliğinin bir parçası olarak kabul etmekte ve terapötik süreçlere dahil etmektedir. Gelişmesinde Fritz Perls, Laura Perls ve Paul Goodman gibi isimlerin öncülük yaptığı Gestalt terapi, danışanların şimdi ve buradaya dair farkındalık kazanarak bütünlüğe ulaşmasını amaçlayan bir yaklaşımdır. Psikanaliz, Gestalt psikolojisi, varoluşçu felsefe, fenomenoloji, alan kuramı, psikodrama, Doğu dinleri ve maneviyattan etkilenen Gestalt terapi, bütünün parçaların bir toplamı değil; tüm bu farklı parçaların ince bir koordinasyonu olduğu görüşünü esas alarak danışanı bir bütün olarak değerlendirmektedir. İnsanı bir bütün olarak anlamanın onun tüm yönlerinin kabul edilmesiyle gerçekleşebileceği fikrini vurgulayan bu yaklaşımda, insanın önemli bir yönü olduğu düşüncesiyle maneviyat ele alınacak konulardan biri olarak görülmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, sözü edilen bu bütünsellik çerçevesi içerisinde Gestalt terapinin maneviyata bakış açısını, Gestalt terapinin temel kavramlarının maneviyatla ilişkisini ve maneviyatın Gestalt terapide uygulama sürecini değerlendirmektir.

Kaynakça

  • American Counseling Association (2014). Code of ethics. https://www.counseling.org/resources/aca-code-of-ethics.pdf
  • American Psychological Association. (t.y.). About division 36. https://www.apadivisions.org/division-36/about
  • Ayaz Başımoğlu, T. (2020). Geştalt yaklaşımının doğuşu. Temas: Geştalt Terapi Dergisi, 1, 9-56.
  • Ahammed, S. (2010). Applying Qur’anic metaphors in counseling. International Journal for the Advancement of Counselling, 32(4), 248–255. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10447-010-9104-2
  • Au, W. (1991). Gestalt therapy and the spiritual exercises of St. Ignatius. Studies in Formative Spirituality, 12(2), 197–213.
  • Beisser, A. (1970). The paradoxical theory of change. In J. Fagan, & I. Shepherd (Eds.), Gestalt therapy now (pp. 77-80). The Gestalt Journal Press.
  • Breitbart, W. (2002). Spirituality and meaning in supportive care: Spirituality-and meaning-centered group psychotherapy interventions in advanced cancer. Supportive Care in Cancer, 10(4), 272-280. 10.1007/s005200100289
  • Brownell, P. (2010). Gestalt therapy: A guide to contemporary practice. Springer Publishing Co.
  • Brownell, P. (2011). Spirituality in gestalt therapy. In T. B. Y. Levine (Ed.), Gestalt therapy: Advances in theory and practice (pp. 93-103). Routledge.
  • Buber, M. (2000). Tanrı tutulması [Eclipse of God] (A. Tüzer, Trans.). Lotus.
  • Corey, G. (2008). Psikolojik danışma, psikoterapi kuram ve uygulamaları [Theory and practice of counseling and psychotherapy] (T. Ergene, Trans.). Metis.
  • Clarkson, P. (1991). Gestalt counseling in action (4th edition). SAGE.
  • Crocker, S. F. (1998). The spiritual dimension of gestalt therapy [Abstract]. Gestalt Review, 2(2), 171. https://doi.org/10.2307gestaltreview.2.2.0171
  • Çağrıcı, M., & Hökelekli, H. (2012). İrade. İslam Ansiklopedisi içinde (Cilt 22, ss. 380-384). TDV Yayınları.
  • Daş, C. (2017). Geştalt terapi: Bütünleşmek ve büyümek (5. Baskı). Altınordu Yayınları.
  • Ekşi, H., & İme, Y. (2020). Manevi danışmanlıkta etik konular. H. Ekşi (Ed.), Manevi yönelimli psikolojik danışma içinde (ss. 341-358). Nobel.
  • Ekşi, H., Kaya, Ç., & Çiftçi, M. (2016). Maneviyat ve psikolojik danışma. H. Ekşi ve Ç. Kaya (Ed.), Manevi yönelimli psikoloterapi ve psikolojik içinde (ss. 13-28). Kaknüs.
  • Ekşi, H., & Keskinoğlu, M. Ş. (2020). Manevi yönelimli psikolojik danışma teknikleri. H. Ekşi (Ed.), Manevi yönelimli psikolojik danışma içinde (ss. 219-264). Nobel.
  • Elliott, N. (2013). Catching dreams: Applying Gestalt dream work to Canadian Aboriginal peoples. First Peoples Child & Family Review, 7(2), 34-42. https://doi.org/10.7202/1068839ar
  • Fantz, R. E., & Roberts, A. (1998). The dreamer and the dream: Essays and reflections on Gestalt therapy. Gestalt Press.
  • Feder, B. (2001). Spirituality: Irrelevant to Gestalt therapy: A response to Ruth Wolfert. British Gestalt Journal, 10(1), 43–44.
  • Frager, R. (2009). Manevi rehberlik ve benötesi psikoloji üzerine paylaşımlar [Sharing sacred stories: Current approaches to spiritual direction and guidance] (Ö. Çolakoğlu, Trans.). Kaknüs.
  • Fry, L. W. (2003). Toward a theory of spiritual leadership. The Leadership Quarterly, 14(6), 693–727. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.leaqua.2003.09.001
  • Ginger, S. (2007). Gestalt therapy: The art of contact. Karnac.
  • Griffith, J. L., & Griffith, M. E. (2002). Encountering the sacred in psychotherapy: How to talk with people about their spiritual lives. The Guilford Press.
  • Gürdil Birinci, G. (2017). The spiritual dimension of Gestalt therapy approach. Contact: Journal of Gestalt Therapy, 2(2), 35-81.
  • Harman, R. L. (1974). Techniques of Gestalt therapy. Professional Psychology, 5(3), 257–263. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0037289
  • Hathaway, W. L. (2011). Ethical guidelines for using spiritually oriented interventions. In J. D. Aten, M. R. McMinn, & E. L. Worthington, Jr., Spiritually oriented interventions for counseling and psychotherapy (pp. 65–81). American Psychological Association. https://doi.org/10.1037/12313-003
  • Hemşinli, H. (2014, October). Mevlâna ve Martin Buber'de Ben-Sen ilişkisi [Paper presentation] 3. Uluslararası Mesnevi Sempozyumu, Urumiye, İran.
  • Hodge D. R. (2001). Spiritual assessment: A review of major qualitative methods and a new framework for assessing spirituality. Social Work, 46(3), 203–214. https://doi.org/10.1093/sw/46.3.203
  • Joyce, P., & Sills, C. (2014). Skills in Gestalt counselling & psychotherapy. SAGE.
  • Kabat-Zinn, J. (2005). Full catastrophe living: Using the wisdom of your body and mind to face stress, pain, and illness (15th anniversary ed.). Delta Trade Paperback/Bantam Dell.
  • Kara, E. (2020). Main strategies of mindfulness and acceptance psychotherapies and Islam. Eskiyeni, 40, 377-406. https://doi.org/ 10.37697/eskiyeni.672921
  • Kılıçoğlu, M. (2021). Willpower: A study from perspective of the psychology of religion. Journal of Divinity Faculty of Kastamonu University, 5(1), 130-158.
  • Killoran, C. A. (1993). A spiritual dimension of Gestalt therapy. [Unpublished doctoral dissertation]. Garrett-Evangelical Theological Seminary.
  • Koenig, H. G., McCullough, M. E., & Larson, D. B. (2001). Handbook of religion and health. Oxford University Press.
  • Kristeller, J. (2011). Spirituality and meditation. In J. D. Aten, M. R. McMinn, & E. L. Worthington, Jr., Spiritually oriented interventions for counseling and psychotherapy (pp. 197–227). American Psychological Association. https://doi.org/10.1037/12313-008
  • Qur’an. (M. M. Ali Trans.). (2013). Ahmadiyya Anjuman Ishaat Islam.
  • Lines, D. (2006). Spirituality in counselling and psychotherapy. SAGE.
  • Mackewn, J. (1997). Developing Gestalt counselling. SAGE.
  • Mann, D. (2010). Gestalt therapy: 100 key points and techniques. Routledge.
  • Miller, G. (2003). Incorporating spirituality in counseling and psychotherapy: Theory and technique. John Wiley & Sons Inc.
  • Naranjo, C. (1978). Gestalt therapy as a transpersonal approach. Gestalt Journal, 1(2), 75–81.
  • Nelson, J. M. (2009). Psychology, religion, and spirituality. Springer.
  • O’Leary, E. (2013). Gestalt therapy around the World. Wiley-Blackwell.
  • Pargament, K. I. (1999). The psychology of religion and spirituality? Yes and no. International Journal for the Psychology of Religion, 9(1), 3–16.
  • Pargament, K. I. (2007). Spiritually integrated psychotherapy: Understanding and addressing the sacred. Guilford Press.
  • Perls, F. S. (1969). Gestalt therapy verbatim. Real People Press.
  • Perls, F., Hefferline, R., & Goodman, P. (1994). Gestalt therapy: Excitement & growth in the human personality. The Gestalt Journal Press.
  • Philippson, P. (2012). Mind and matter: The implications of neuroscience research for Gestalt psychotherapy. In T. B. Y. Levine (Ed), Gestalt therapy: Advances in theory and practice (pp. 83-92). Routledge.
  • Post, B. C., & Wade, N. G. (2009). Religion and spirituality in psychotherapy: A practice-friendly review of research. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 65(2), 131–146. https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.20563
  • Richards, P. S., & Bergin, A. E. (1997). A spiritual strategy for counseling and psychotherapy. American Psychological Association.
  • Richards, P. S., & Worthington, E. L., Jr. (2010). The need for evidence-based, spiritually oriented psychotherapies. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 41(5), 363-370. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0019469
  • Rose, E. M., Westefeld, J. S., & Ansely, T. N. (2001). Spiritual issues in counseling: Clients' beliefs and preferences. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 48(1), 61–71. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0167.48.1.61
  • Sayın, E. (2012). Tasavvuf ve psikoloji açısından ibnü’l-vakt anlayışının etkileri. Marife Dini Araştırmalar Dergisi, 12(3), 177-190.
  • Seligman, L., & Reichenberg, L. W. (2014). Theories of counseling and psychotherapy: Systems, strategies, and skills (4th ed.). Pearson.
  • Serlin, I. A., & Shane, P. (1999). Laura Perls and gestalt therapy: Her life and values. In D. Moss (Ed.), Humanistic and transpersonal psychology: A historical and biographical sourcebook (pp. 374-383). Greenwood Press.
  • Skottun, G., & Krüger, Å. (2022). Gestalt therapy practice: Theory and experiential learning. Routledge.
  • Shane, P. (1999). Fritz Perls and Paul Goodman: When Ahasuerus met Erasmus. In D. Moss (Ed.), Humanistic and transpersonal psychology: A historical and biographical sourcebook (pp. 354-373). Greenwood Press.
  • Simpkins, A. M., & Simpkins, C. A. (2016). Core principles of meditation for therapy: Improving the outcomes for psychotherapeutic treatments. John Wiley & Sons.
  • Sperry, L. (2012). Spirituality in clinical practice: Theory and practice of spiritually oriented psychotherapy (2nd ed.). Routledge.
  • Şeker, N., & Karakurt, B. (2018). Dini ibadetlerle psikoterapi. Kilis 7 Aralık Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi, 5(8), 165-187.
  • Tagay, Ö., & Voltan Acar, N. (2020). Gestalt terapi. Z. Karataş ve Y. Yavuzer (Eds), Psikolojik danışma ve psikoterapi kuramları: Örnek uygulamalarla temel ve güncel kuramlar içinde (ss. 205-230) (3. Baskı). Pegem.
  • Tüzer, A. (2009). Varoluşçu düşünür Martin Buber’in diyalog felsefesi ve bu felsefi yaklaşımın eğitim açısından uzanımları. FLSF Felsefe ve Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 8, 18-39.
  • Uyar, M. (2021). Tasavvufta zıt kavramların anlamsal zemini. Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi, 50, 277-319. https://doi.org/10.17120/omuifd.844751
  • Voltan Acar, N. (2012). Gestalt terapi: Ne kadar farkındayım? (5. Baskı). Nobel.
  • Williams, L. (2006). Spirituality and gestalt: A gestalt-transpersonal perspective. Gestalt Review, 10(1), 6-21.
  • Yıldırım, A. (2003). Zıtlık kavramı ve divan şiirinde zerre-güneş sembolizmi. Bilig, 25, 125-138.
  • Yıldız, M. (2021). Geleceğin korkusunu geçmişin hüznünü taşımayan insan: İbnü’l-vakt. Sufiyye, 11, 79-98. https://doi.org/10.46231/sufiyye.1014096
Toplam 69 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Psikoloji
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Cem Boyalı Bu kişi benim 0000-0002-7868-3011

Yayımlanma Tarihi 15 Haziran 2022
Gönderilme Tarihi 25 Ocak 2022
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2022 Cilt: 7 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Boyalı, C. (2022). Spirituality as Part of the Whole: Gestalt Therapy’s View of Spirituality. Spiritual Psychology and Counseling, 7(2), 157-178. https://doi.org/10.37898/spc.2022.7.2.173