Through the lens of fisherfolks: understanding shark fishing in Ghana for management and conservation purposes

Abstract

Shark fishing has been practiced in Ghana for decades, with shifting characteristics that have impacted the population of dependent fish species. As a result, the research focuses on shark fishing activities in Ghana from the standpoint of fishermen. From March to May 2021, 86 shark fishermen were interviewed using semi-structured interview guides at four landing sites; Apam, Dixcove, Tema, and Axim. According to the study, Tema, Axim, and Dixcove were the most productive sharking fishing sites, whereas Ivory Coast and Togo were the most visited international fishing communities by Ghana shark fisherfolks. Overall, 9 species were identified, with C. carcharius being the most prominent, and Sphyrna spp. and C. leucas having the highest rate of population decline. Dolphin, Sardinella, and tuna were the most commonly used live bait in all sampling locations, which has significant implications for food security and global dolphin conservation. According to the study, the population of these live bait is currently in decline, necessitating the development of alternative bait for sustainable shark fishing. Again, adopting a species-specific conservation action plan through consultation techniques, community awareness programs, and enforcement of conservation measures is critical to protecting shark species in decline.

Keywords

• shark-fin trade
• management
• conservation
• sharks
• endangered species

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