The Role of Antioxidant Vitamins on Oxidative Stress in Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder whose incidence is increasing rapidly all over the world. Many mechanisms have been proposed in the pathogenesis of diabetes and its complications. The most common among these is the increased free radicals causing complications. Oxidative stress in diabetes can be dealt with by increasing antioxidant capacity. To increase antioxidant capacity; antioxidant defense mechanisms include both enzymatic and non-enzymatic pathways. The main antioxidants in Diabetes Mellitus are vitamins A, C and E; glutathione and enzymatically superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase. In this review, the role of oxidative stress in Diabetes Mellitus and the effect of antioxidant vitamins on coping with stress were examined in the light of current studies.

Keywords

• Antioxidant;
• Diabetes
• Oxidative stress

ANTİOKSİDAN VİTAMİNLERİN DIABETES MELLİTUS'TA GELİŞEN OKSİDATİF STRES ÜZERİNDEKİ ROLÜ

Öz

Diabetes Mellitus tüm dünyada görülme sıklığı hızla artmakta olan kronik bir metabolizma bozukluğudur. Diyabetin ve komplikasyonlarının patogenezinde pek çok mekanizma ileri sürülmüştür. Bu mekanizmalar içinde en yaygını ise artan serbest radikallerin neden olduğu komplikasyonlardır. Diyabette oluşan oksidatif stresle, antioksidan kapasiteyi arttırarak başa çıkılabileceği düşünülmektedir. Antioksidan kapasiteyi artırmak için; antioksidan savunma mekanizmaları hem enzimatik hem de enzimatik olmayan yolaklar içermektedir. Diabetes Mellitus’ ta başlıca antioksidanlar A, C ve E vitaminleri; glutatyon ve enzimatik olarak da süperoksit dismutaz, katalaz, glutatyon peroksidaz ve glutatyon redüktazdır. Bu derlemede oksidatif stresin Diabetes Mellitus’ taki rolü ve antioksidan vitaminlerin stresle başa çıkabilmedeki etkisi güncel çalışmalar ışığında incelenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• antioksidan,
• diabetus mellitus
• oksidatif stres
• Antioxidant;
• Diabetes
• Oxidative stress

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