Virtual Reality in Patient Education Before Surgical Procedures: A Scope Review

Abstract

Purpose: Virtual reality is an interactive, effective and entertaining educational tool that has become widespread in recent years. While virtual reality is widely preferred in vocational training in the field of health, studies on its use in patient education are quite limited. The use of virtual reality in patient education before surgical procedures reduces patients' anxiety and increases informed decision-making, adherence to treatment, patient satisfaction and quality of care. The aim of this scope study is to examine the results of studies using virtual reality in patient education in surgical procedures. Methods: Studies between January 2017 and June 2022 were searched using the keywords "virtual reality, patient education, surgical procedures, preoperative period" in PubMed, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, Scopus databases and Google Scholar. In this scope review, 4 randomized controlled trials, 1 case-control study, 2 pilot studies and 2 case reports that met the research criteria were discussed. The sample of the study consisted of 602 patients in these 9 studies. Results: When the studies in which virtual reality was used in patient education before surgical procedures were examined, it was determined that education was given on the disease and the surgical procedure. According to the research findings, it was concluded that after the training, active participation of the patients in the decision-making, treatment and care process was ensured, their anxiety and pain levels decreased, their satisfaction and knowledge levels increased, and they recovered early. Conclusion: Virtual reality can be accepted as an effective, applicable method in patient education and improves patient outcomes. It is recommended to increase researches using virtual reality in patient education in surgical procedures and to conduct studies in the field of nursing on this subject.

Keywords

• Virtual Reality
• Patient Education
• Surgical Procedures
• Preoperative Period

CERRAHİ İŞLEMLER ÖNCESİNDE HASTA EĞİTİMİNDE SANAL GERÇEKLİK: KAPSAM DERLEMESİ

Öz

Amaç: Sanal gerçeklik, son dönemlerde kullanımı yaygınlaşan interaktif, etkili ve eğlenceli bir eğitim aracıdır. Sanal gerçeklik sağlık alanında mesleki eğitimlerde yaygın olarak tercih edilirken hasta eğitiminde kullanımına ilişkin çalışmalar oldukça sınırlıdır. Cerrahi işlemler öncesi hasta eğitiminde sanal gerçeklik kullanımı, hastaların kaygısını azaltarak bilinçli karar vermeyi, tedaviye uyumu, hasta memnuniyeti ve bakım kalitesini arttırmaktadır. Bu kapsam araştırmasının amacı, cerrahi işlemlerde hasta eğitiminde sanal gerçeklik kullanan araştırmaların sonuçlarını incelemektir. Yöntem: PubMed, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, Scopus veri tabanları ve Google Akademik’de, “sanal gerçeklik, hasta eğitimi, cerrahi işlemler, ameliyat öncesi dönem” anahtar kelimeleri ile Ocak 2017-Haziran 2022 arasındaki araştırmalar tarandı. Bu kapsam derlemesinde araştırma kriterlerini karşılayan, 4 randomize kontrollü çalışma, 1 vaka kontrol çalışması, 2 pilot çalışma ve 2 olgu sunumu ele alındı. Araştırmanın örneklemini ise bu 9 araştırmadaki 602 hasta oluşturdu. Bulgular: Cerrahi işlemler öncesinde hasta eğitiminde sanal gerçekliğin kullanıldığı araştırmalar incelendiğinde, hastalık ve cerrahi işleme ilişkin eğitim verildiği saptanmıştır. Araştırma bulgularına göre, eğitim sonrası hastaların karar verme, tedavi ve bakım sürecine aktif katılımlarının sağlandığı, anksiyete ve ağrı düzeylerinin azaldığı, memnuniyet ve bilgi düzeylerinin arttığı, erken iyileştikleri sonucuna varılmıştır. Sonuç: Sanal gerçeklik, hasta eğitiminde etkin, uygulanabilir ve hasta sonuçlarını iyileştiren bir yöntem olarak kabul edilebilir. Cerrahi işlemlerde hasta eğitiminde sanal gerçekliğin kullanıldığı araştırmaların arttırılması ve bu konuda hemşirelik alanında çalışmaların yapılması önerilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Sanal Gerçeklik
• Hasta Eğitimi
• Cerrahi İşlemler
• Ameliyat Öncesi Dönem

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