BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster

DERİ ÜRETİMİNDE BİTKİSEL KAYNAKLI BİYOSÜRFEKTANLA YAĞ GİDERME İŞLEMİNİN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ: EKOLOJİK BİR YAKLAŞIM

Yıl 2013, Cilt: 23 Sayı: 2, 181 - 187, 01.12.2013

Öz

Bu makalede bitkisel kaynaklı bir biyosürfektan olan Quillaja saponini ekstraktlarının alternatif, düşük maliyetli ve doğal sürfektan olarak koyun derilerinin yağ giderme işleminde kullanımı incelenmiştir. Pikle koyun derileri farklı oranlarda sapogenin içeren üç ticari Quillaja saponaria ürünüyle Q1 (Sigma, 26%), Q2 (AppliChem, 12%) ve Q3 (Carl Roth, 10%) işlenmiştir. Saponin kullanımına dayalı biyo-yağ giderme işleminin etkisi atık banyoların kimyasal oksijen ihtiyacı (KOİ), derilerin rengi ve taramalı elektron mikroskobuyla derilerin kesiti incelenerek belirlenmiştir. Q1, Q2 ve Q3’ün %3.75 sapogenin konsantrasyonuyla gerçekleştirilen yağ giderme işlemlerinde sırasıyla %82, %79 ve %78’e varan oranlarda yağ giderme etkinlikleri elde edilmiştir. Q1 saponini % 3.125 oranında kullanıldığında yağ giderme atık sularının KOİ değerleri %70 oranında azaltılmıştır. Sonuçlar biyosürfektanlar ile yağ gidermesi yapılmış derilerin düzgün boya dağılımı ve fiziksel yapı açısından geleneksel yöntemle işlenen derilere benzer özelliklere sahip olduğunu ve bu çalışmada geliştirilen, saponin kullanımına dayalı yağ giderme işleminin deri endüstrisi için uygulanabilir, gelecek vaat eden ve ekolojik bir alternatif olabileceğini göstermektedir

Kaynakça

  • 1. Breitsamer M., Geissler R., Trenkwalder M., 1997, “Solvent-free Degreasing of Hides and Skins”, World Leather, 10, p: 65-70.
  • 2. Zengin G. and Afşar A., 2011, “Use of Natural Fat Emulsions in Fatliquoring Process and Investigation of Fatty Spue Formation”, Journal of American Leather Chemists Association, 106(3), p: 83-91.
  • 3. Palop R., 1996, “Alternative Systems for Grease Removal and Their Influence in Leather Production- Part 1-2”, World Leather, 9, p: 48-51.
  • 4. Pabst G.R., P. Lamalle, Boehn R., Oetter G., Erhardt R., Strey R., Sottmann T. and Engelskrishen S., 2004, “The Physico-Chemical Principles of WaterBased Degreasing of Animal Skins”, Journal of American Leather Chemists Association, 99(4), p: 151-156.
  • 5. Mutlu M.M. and Çolak Menteş S., 2006, “Effect of Some Environmental Friendly Liming Methods on Leather Color and Quality”, Tekstil ve Konfeksiyon, 16(2), p: 118-122.
  • 6. Zengin G., Çolak Menteş S., and Özgünay H., 2010, “Usage of Hydrogen Peroxide in Leather Manufacturing Processes and its Effects on Leather Characteristics”, Tekstil ve Konfeksiyon, 20(3), p: 236-240.
  • 7. Sivakumar V., Chandrasekaran F., Swaminathan G., and Rao P.G., 2009, “Towards Cleaner Degreasing Method in Industries: Ultrasound-Assisted Aqueous Degreasing Process in Leather Making”, Journal of Cleaner Production, 17, p: 101–104.
  • 8. Marsal A., Celma P.J., Cot J., and Cequier M., 2000, “Supercritical CO2 Extraction as a Clean Degreasing Process in the Leather Industry”, Journal of Supercritical Fluids, 16, p: 217–223.
  • 9. Cassano A., Criscuoli A., Drioli E., and Molinari R., 1999, “Clean operations in the tanning industry: aqueous degreasing coupled to ultrafiltration”, Clean Products and Processes, 1, p: 257–263.
  • 10. Palop R., 1998, “Alternative Systems for Grease Removal and Their Influence in Leather Production- Part2-3”, World Leather, 11, p: 76-81.
  • 11. Thanikaivelan P., Rao J. R., Nair B. U., and Ramasami T., 2004, “Progress and recent trends in biotechnological methods for leather processing”, Trends in Biotechnology, 22(4), p: 181-188.
  • 12. Kılıç E., Font J., Puig R., Çolak S., Çelik D., 2011. “Chromium Recovery from Tannery Sludge with Saponin and Oxidative Remediation”, Journal of Hazardous Materials, 185 (1), p: 456-462.
  • 13. Adıgüzel Zengin A.C., 2013, “Potential Application of Quillaja Saponaria Saponins as an Antimicrobial Soaking Agent in Leather Industry”, Tekstil ve Konfeksiyon, 23(1), p:55-61.
  • 14. Mulligan C.N., 2005, “Environmental applications for biosurfactants”, Environmental Pollution, 133, p:183–198.
  • 15. Aldema Ramos M., Muir Z., Ashby R. and Liu C-K., 2011. “Soaking Formulations that can Soften Hardened Bovine Manure”, Journal of American Leather Chemists Association, 106(7), p: 212-218.
  • 16. Balada H., Marmer E.W., Cooke P., and Phillips J., 2009, “Evaluation of degreasers as brine curing additives”, Journal of American Leather Chemist Association, 104, p: 169-176.
  • 17. San Martin R., 2000, “Sustainable production of Quillaja saponaria Mol. saponins”, in: W. Oleszek, A. Marston(Eds.), Saponins in Food, Feedstuffs and Medicinal Plants, Kluwer Academic Publishers, The Netherlands, pp. 271.
  • 18. Hong K.J., 2000, “Application of Plant-Derived Biosurfactant to Heavy Metal Removal from Fly Ash and Soil”, Ph.D. Dissertation, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan.
  • 19. Venba R., Kanth V.S., Chandrababu N.K., 2008, “Novel Approach Towards High Exhaust Chromium Tanning-Part I: Role of Enzymes in the Tanning Process”, Journal of American Leather Society, 103, p: 401-411.
  • 20. Pelckmans J.T., Fennen J., and Christner J., 2008, “Advances in the Degreasing of Hides” World Leather, August p: 31-33.
  • 21. Cassano A., Drioli E., and Molinari R., 1997, “Recovery and Reuse of Chemicals in Unhairing, Degreasing and Chromium Tanning Processes by Membranes”, Desalination, 113, p: 251-261.
  • 22. Tomaselli M., Naviglio B., Naviglio D. and Raia C., 2003 “Fats and fatty spues: A Gas Chromatographic Characterization”, Cuoio Pelli Materie Concianti, 79, p: 85-92.

EVALUATION OF DEGREASING PROCESS WITH PLANT DERIVED BIOSURFACTANT FOR LEATHER MAKING: AN ECOLOGICAL APPROACH

Yıl 2013, Cilt: 23 Sayı: 2, 181 - 187, 01.12.2013

Öz

This paper describes the application of extracts of Quillaja bark saponin, a plant derived biosurfactant, as alternative low cost natural surfactants for the degreasing of sheep skins. Pickled sheep skins were treated using three commercial products of Quillaja saponaria saponins with different degrees of sapogenin content: Q1 (Sigma, 26%), Q2 (AppliChem, 12%) and Q3 (Carl Roth, 10%). The effect of saponin based biodegreasing was investigated in terms of chemical oxygen demand (COD) of residual floats, quantification of colour and scanning electron microscopic visualization of the biodegreased leathers. Degreasing efficiency levels up to 82%, 79% and 78% was attained with 3.75% sapogenin content of Q1, Q2 and Q3 respectively. COD values for degreasing effluents were reduced by 70%, with 3.125% offer of Q1 saponin. The results indicate that the properties of biodegreased leathers are comparable with those of conventionally processed leathers with respect to dye levelness and physical texture. This novel saponin based degreasing process can be a viable and promising ecological degreasing option for leather industry

Kaynakça

  • 1. Breitsamer M., Geissler R., Trenkwalder M., 1997, “Solvent-free Degreasing of Hides and Skins”, World Leather, 10, p: 65-70.
  • 2. Zengin G. and Afşar A., 2011, “Use of Natural Fat Emulsions in Fatliquoring Process and Investigation of Fatty Spue Formation”, Journal of American Leather Chemists Association, 106(3), p: 83-91.
  • 3. Palop R., 1996, “Alternative Systems for Grease Removal and Their Influence in Leather Production- Part 1-2”, World Leather, 9, p: 48-51.
  • 4. Pabst G.R., P. Lamalle, Boehn R., Oetter G., Erhardt R., Strey R., Sottmann T. and Engelskrishen S., 2004, “The Physico-Chemical Principles of WaterBased Degreasing of Animal Skins”, Journal of American Leather Chemists Association, 99(4), p: 151-156.
  • 5. Mutlu M.M. and Çolak Menteş S., 2006, “Effect of Some Environmental Friendly Liming Methods on Leather Color and Quality”, Tekstil ve Konfeksiyon, 16(2), p: 118-122.
  • 6. Zengin G., Çolak Menteş S., and Özgünay H., 2010, “Usage of Hydrogen Peroxide in Leather Manufacturing Processes and its Effects on Leather Characteristics”, Tekstil ve Konfeksiyon, 20(3), p: 236-240.
  • 7. Sivakumar V., Chandrasekaran F., Swaminathan G., and Rao P.G., 2009, “Towards Cleaner Degreasing Method in Industries: Ultrasound-Assisted Aqueous Degreasing Process in Leather Making”, Journal of Cleaner Production, 17, p: 101–104.
  • 8. Marsal A., Celma P.J., Cot J., and Cequier M., 2000, “Supercritical CO2 Extraction as a Clean Degreasing Process in the Leather Industry”, Journal of Supercritical Fluids, 16, p: 217–223.
  • 9. Cassano A., Criscuoli A., Drioli E., and Molinari R., 1999, “Clean operations in the tanning industry: aqueous degreasing coupled to ultrafiltration”, Clean Products and Processes, 1, p: 257–263.
  • 10. Palop R., 1998, “Alternative Systems for Grease Removal and Their Influence in Leather Production- Part2-3”, World Leather, 11, p: 76-81.
  • 11. Thanikaivelan P., Rao J. R., Nair B. U., and Ramasami T., 2004, “Progress and recent trends in biotechnological methods for leather processing”, Trends in Biotechnology, 22(4), p: 181-188.
  • 12. Kılıç E., Font J., Puig R., Çolak S., Çelik D., 2011. “Chromium Recovery from Tannery Sludge with Saponin and Oxidative Remediation”, Journal of Hazardous Materials, 185 (1), p: 456-462.
  • 13. Adıgüzel Zengin A.C., 2013, “Potential Application of Quillaja Saponaria Saponins as an Antimicrobial Soaking Agent in Leather Industry”, Tekstil ve Konfeksiyon, 23(1), p:55-61.
  • 14. Mulligan C.N., 2005, “Environmental applications for biosurfactants”, Environmental Pollution, 133, p:183–198.
  • 15. Aldema Ramos M., Muir Z., Ashby R. and Liu C-K., 2011. “Soaking Formulations that can Soften Hardened Bovine Manure”, Journal of American Leather Chemists Association, 106(7), p: 212-218.
  • 16. Balada H., Marmer E.W., Cooke P., and Phillips J., 2009, “Evaluation of degreasers as brine curing additives”, Journal of American Leather Chemist Association, 104, p: 169-176.
  • 17. San Martin R., 2000, “Sustainable production of Quillaja saponaria Mol. saponins”, in: W. Oleszek, A. Marston(Eds.), Saponins in Food, Feedstuffs and Medicinal Plants, Kluwer Academic Publishers, The Netherlands, pp. 271.
  • 18. Hong K.J., 2000, “Application of Plant-Derived Biosurfactant to Heavy Metal Removal from Fly Ash and Soil”, Ph.D. Dissertation, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan.
  • 19. Venba R., Kanth V.S., Chandrababu N.K., 2008, “Novel Approach Towards High Exhaust Chromium Tanning-Part I: Role of Enzymes in the Tanning Process”, Journal of American Leather Society, 103, p: 401-411.
  • 20. Pelckmans J.T., Fennen J., and Christner J., 2008, “Advances in the Degreasing of Hides” World Leather, August p: 31-33.
  • 21. Cassano A., Drioli E., and Molinari R., 1997, “Recovery and Reuse of Chemicals in Unhairing, Degreasing and Chromium Tanning Processes by Membranes”, Desalination, 113, p: 251-261.
  • 22. Tomaselli M., Naviglio B., Naviglio D. and Raia C., 2003 “Fats and fatty spues: A Gas Chromatographic Characterization”, Cuoio Pelli Materie Concianti, 79, p: 85-92.
Toplam 22 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Diğer ID JA88PU93FD
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Eylem Kılıç Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Aralık 2013
Gönderilme Tarihi 1 Aralık 2013
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2013 Cilt: 23 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Kılıç, E. (2013). EVALUATION OF DEGREASING PROCESS WITH PLANT DERIVED BIOSURFACTANT FOR LEATHER MAKING: AN ECOLOGICAL APPROACH. Textile and Apparel, 23(2), 181-187.

No part of this journal may be reproduced, stored, transmitted or disseminated in any forms or by any means without prior written permission of the Editorial Board. The views and opinions expressed here in the articles are those of the authors and are not the views of Tekstil ve Konfeksiyon and Textile and Apparel Research-Application Center.