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Design and Development of an Innovative Test Device Capable of Automatically Performing Carpet Static Loading Tests

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 32 Sayı: 2, 126 - 134, 30.06.2022
https://doi.org/10.32710/tekstilvekonfeksiyon.983068

Öz

The resistance of carpets to texture deformation is considered one of the most important properties that affects the quality of carpet. Static load is an essential factor that has a profound impact on carpets causing compression of carpet pile yarns. Mainly, two tests are available to determine the compressibility and resilience performance of carpets, namely thickness loss after brief moderate static loading and thickness loss after prolonged heavy static loading. Currently, the commercially available test devices have drawbacks, including a requirement for an additional apparatus to test performance, conducting tests manually which leads to personal faults, and inability of storing test data. In this study, a newly developed test device for measuring compressibility and resilience performance of carpet was designed and manufactured. The newly designed test device is statistically verified and capable of performing carpet thickness measurement, brief moderate static loading and prolonged heavy static loading tests automatically.

Destekleyen Kurum

Scientific Research Projects Governing Unit of Gaziantep University

Proje Numarası

MF.YLT.18.26

Teşekkür

This work was supported by the Scientific Research Projects Governing Unit of Gaziantep University, under Grant [MF.YLT.18.26]. Authors would like to thank Dr. Burak Şahin for production the frame of the prototype test device.

Kaynakça

  • [1] Gupta, S. K., Goswami, K. K. 2018. Floor Covering Wear Performance. The Textile Institute Book Series, Second Edition. Elsevier Ltd., 443-466.
  • [2] Dayiary, M., Najar, S. S., Shamsi, M. 2009. A New Theoretical Approach to Cut-Pile Floor Covering Compression based on Elastic-Stored Bending Energy. J. Text. Inst., 100(8), 688-694.
  • [3] Carnaby, G. A. Wood, E. J. 1989. The Physics of Floor Coverings. The Journal of The Textile Institute, 71-90.
  • [4] Celik, N., Koc, E. 2010. Study on the Thickness Loss of Wilton-Type Carpets under Dynamic Loading. Fibres and Textiles in Eastern Europe, 18(1), 54-59.
  • [5] Javidpanah, M., Shaikhzadeh Najar, S., Dayiary, M. 2014. Study on Thickness Loss of Cut-pile Carpet Produced with Heat Process-modified Polyester Pile Yarn. Part I: Static Loading. The Journal of The Textile Institute, 105(12), 1265-1271.
  • [6] M. Javidpanah, Shaikhzadeh Najar, S., Dayiary M. 2015. Study on Thickness Loss of Cut-Pile Carpet Produced with Heat Process Modified Polyester Pile Yarn. Part II: Dynamic Loading. The Journal of The Textile Institute, 106(3), 236-241.
  • [7] Celik, N., Koc, E. 2007. An Experimental Study on Thickness Loss of Wilton Type Carpets Produced with Different Pile Materials after Prolonged Heavy Static Loading. Part 2: Energy Absorption and Hysteresis Effect. Fibres and Textiles in Eastern Europe, 15, 87-92.
  • [8] Korkmaz, Y., Dalcı Kocer, S. 2010. Resilience Behaviors of Woven Acrylic Carpets under Short- and Long-Term Static Loading. The Journal of The Textile Institute, 101(3), 236-241.
  • [9] Çelik, H. İ. 2017. Effects of Fiber Linear Density on Acrylic Carpet Performance. Journal of Engineered Fibers and Fabrics, 12(1), 1-11.
  • [10] Çelik, N., Kaynak, H. K., Değirmenci, Z. 2009. Performance Properties of Wilton-Type Carpets with Relief Texture Effect Produced Using Shrinkable, High-Bulk and Relaxed Acrylic Pile Yarns. AATCC Review, 43-47.
  • [11] Özdil, N., Bozdoğan, F., Kayseri, G.Ö., Mengüç, G.S. 2012. Compressibility and Thickness Recovery Characteristics of Carpets. Tekstil ve Konfeksiyon, 22(3), 203-211.
  • [12] Mirjalili, S. A., Sharzehee, M. 2005. An Investigation on The Effect of Static and Dynamic Loading on The Physical Characteristics of Handmade Persian Carpets: Part I – The Effect of Static Loading. The Journal of The Textile Institute. 96(5), 287-293.
  • [13] Moghassem, A.R., Gharehaghaji, A.A., Shaikhzadeh Najar, S. 2012. Analysis of Two Soft Computing Modeling Methodologies for Predicting Thickness Loss of Persian Hand-Knotted Carpets. Fibers Polym, 675-683.
  • [14] Watson, S. A., Warnock, M. M. 2003. Comparative Analysis between Recycled and Newly Manufactured Carpets. Family and Consumer Sciences Research Journal, 31(4), 425-441.
  • [15] Babaarslan, O., Sarioglu, E., Sıdıka Ziba, O. 2017. Compressibility and Resiliency Properties of Wilton Type Woven Carpets Produced with Different Fiber Blend Ratio. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 254(8), 1-6.
  • [16] Radhakrishnaiah, P. 2005. Comparison of The Performance Properties of Carpets Containing Nylon 6 and Nylon 66 Face Yarns. Textile Research Journal, 75(2), 157-164.
  • [17] Vuruşkan, D., Sarıoğlu, E., Çelik, H.İ., Kaynak, H. K. 2017. Compression Properties of Woven Carpet Performance under Dynamic Loading. Periodicals of Engineering and Natural Sciences (PEN), 5, 279-283.
  • [18] Hearle, J. W. S., Liu, H. Tandon, S. K., Wood, E. J. 2005. Computational Model of Wool Carpet Wear. The Journal of The Textile Institute, 96(3), 137-142.
  • [19] Mecit, D., Roye, A. 2009. Investigation of a Testing Method for Compression Behavior of Spacer Fabrics Designed for Concrete Applications. Textile Research Journal, 79(10), 867-875.
  • [20] Fujimoto, T., Sunderland, M., Tandon, S., Asano, C., Asano, A., Murata, C., Fukuyama, H. 2008. Measurement of Surface Property Using a Special Sensor Developed of Pile Materials. Indian Journal of Fibre & Textile Research, 33, 253-257.
  • [21] Yi, L., Yao, B. 2011. Virtual Instrument Based Measurement System for Handle Properties Evaluation of Textile Materials. Third International Conference on Measuring Technology and Mechatronics Automation, IEEE, Shanghai, China, 3, 1120-1223.
  • [22] Liao, X., Li, Y., Hu, J. et al. 2014. A Simultaneous Measurement Method to Characterize Touch Properties of Textile Materials, Fibers Polym, 15, 1548-1559.
  • [23] Orr, M., Stowe, D., Thoe, S, Northup, K., Torok, M., ODell, A., Summers, J., Blouin, V., Joseph, P. 2013. Design of a Scaled Off-Vehicle Wheel Testing Device for Textile Tread Wear,” Conference: SAE World Congress, SAE Technical Paper. Detroit, Michigan, United States.
  • [24] Sengupta, S., Debnath, S., and Sengupta, A. 2016. Fabric Bending Behavior Testing Instrument for Technical Textiles. measurement, 87, 205-215.
  • [25] Alsayed, M., Kaynak, H. K., and Çelik, İ., H. 2020. Design of a Test System for Compressibility and Resilience Performance Measurement of Floor Coverings. Çukurova University Journal of the Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, 35(2), 469-475.
  • [26] Alsayed, M., 2020. Development of a Functional Test Device Capable of Automatically Performing Main Carpet Performance Tests. MSc, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Turkey.
  • [27] British standard. 1987. Method for Determination of Thickness Loss of Carpets after Prolonged Heavy Static Loading, BS 4939.
  • [28] American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM). 2017. Standard Test Method for Measuring Recovery Properties of Floor Coverings after Static Loading, ASTM F970.
  • [29] British standard. 1975. Determination of Thickness, Compression, and Recovery Characteristics of Textile Floor, C: BS 4098.
  • [30] Turkish standard. 1991. Carpets-Determination of Thickness Loss After Brief, Moderate Static Loading, TS 3378.
  • [31] British standard. 1987. Method for Determination of Thickness of Carpets, BS 4051.
  • [32] WIRA Instrumentation, 01.05.2020, WIRA Floor Covering Static Loading Tester. Retrieve from: http://aygenteks.com/media/dosyalar/2017/09/statik-y%C3%BCkleme.pdf
  • [33] WIRA Instrumentation, 01.05.2020, WIRA Digital Thickness Gauge Floor Coverings. Retrieve from: https://aygenteks.com/media/dosyalar/2017/09/kal%C4%B1nl%C4%B1k-%C3%B6l%C3%A7me.pdf
  • [34] IDM instrument, 01.05.2020, Static Load Tester for Carpet. Retrieve from: https://idminstruments.com.au/testing-instruments/products/static-load-tester-for-carpet.html
  • [35] WIRA Instrumentation, 05.01.2020, WIRA Dynamic Load Machine. Retrieve from: http://www.wira.com/media/other/37656/WiraDynamicLoading.pdf
  • [36] Hussain, M. K. G., Babu, T. J., Hussain, S. A. 2016. Fabrication Of Pneumatic Water Pumping System. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET), 3(7), 2032- 2041.
  • [37] Magnusson, B. Örnemark, U. 2018. Eurachem Guide: The Fitness for Purpose of Analytical Methods – A Laboratory Guide to Method Validation and Related Topics, 1-62.
  • [38] Yılmaz. A. 2010. Turklab Kimyasal Analizlerde Metot Validasyonu Ve Verifikasyonu.
Yıl 2022, Cilt: 32 Sayı: 2, 126 - 134, 30.06.2022
https://doi.org/10.32710/tekstilvekonfeksiyon.983068

Öz

Proje Numarası

MF.YLT.18.26

Kaynakça

  • [1] Gupta, S. K., Goswami, K. K. 2018. Floor Covering Wear Performance. The Textile Institute Book Series, Second Edition. Elsevier Ltd., 443-466.
  • [2] Dayiary, M., Najar, S. S., Shamsi, M. 2009. A New Theoretical Approach to Cut-Pile Floor Covering Compression based on Elastic-Stored Bending Energy. J. Text. Inst., 100(8), 688-694.
  • [3] Carnaby, G. A. Wood, E. J. 1989. The Physics of Floor Coverings. The Journal of The Textile Institute, 71-90.
  • [4] Celik, N., Koc, E. 2010. Study on the Thickness Loss of Wilton-Type Carpets under Dynamic Loading. Fibres and Textiles in Eastern Europe, 18(1), 54-59.
  • [5] Javidpanah, M., Shaikhzadeh Najar, S., Dayiary, M. 2014. Study on Thickness Loss of Cut-pile Carpet Produced with Heat Process-modified Polyester Pile Yarn. Part I: Static Loading. The Journal of The Textile Institute, 105(12), 1265-1271.
  • [6] M. Javidpanah, Shaikhzadeh Najar, S., Dayiary M. 2015. Study on Thickness Loss of Cut-Pile Carpet Produced with Heat Process Modified Polyester Pile Yarn. Part II: Dynamic Loading. The Journal of The Textile Institute, 106(3), 236-241.
  • [7] Celik, N., Koc, E. 2007. An Experimental Study on Thickness Loss of Wilton Type Carpets Produced with Different Pile Materials after Prolonged Heavy Static Loading. Part 2: Energy Absorption and Hysteresis Effect. Fibres and Textiles in Eastern Europe, 15, 87-92.
  • [8] Korkmaz, Y., Dalcı Kocer, S. 2010. Resilience Behaviors of Woven Acrylic Carpets under Short- and Long-Term Static Loading. The Journal of The Textile Institute, 101(3), 236-241.
  • [9] Çelik, H. İ. 2017. Effects of Fiber Linear Density on Acrylic Carpet Performance. Journal of Engineered Fibers and Fabrics, 12(1), 1-11.
  • [10] Çelik, N., Kaynak, H. K., Değirmenci, Z. 2009. Performance Properties of Wilton-Type Carpets with Relief Texture Effect Produced Using Shrinkable, High-Bulk and Relaxed Acrylic Pile Yarns. AATCC Review, 43-47.
  • [11] Özdil, N., Bozdoğan, F., Kayseri, G.Ö., Mengüç, G.S. 2012. Compressibility and Thickness Recovery Characteristics of Carpets. Tekstil ve Konfeksiyon, 22(3), 203-211.
  • [12] Mirjalili, S. A., Sharzehee, M. 2005. An Investigation on The Effect of Static and Dynamic Loading on The Physical Characteristics of Handmade Persian Carpets: Part I – The Effect of Static Loading. The Journal of The Textile Institute. 96(5), 287-293.
  • [13] Moghassem, A.R., Gharehaghaji, A.A., Shaikhzadeh Najar, S. 2012. Analysis of Two Soft Computing Modeling Methodologies for Predicting Thickness Loss of Persian Hand-Knotted Carpets. Fibers Polym, 675-683.
  • [14] Watson, S. A., Warnock, M. M. 2003. Comparative Analysis between Recycled and Newly Manufactured Carpets. Family and Consumer Sciences Research Journal, 31(4), 425-441.
  • [15] Babaarslan, O., Sarioglu, E., Sıdıka Ziba, O. 2017. Compressibility and Resiliency Properties of Wilton Type Woven Carpets Produced with Different Fiber Blend Ratio. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 254(8), 1-6.
  • [16] Radhakrishnaiah, P. 2005. Comparison of The Performance Properties of Carpets Containing Nylon 6 and Nylon 66 Face Yarns. Textile Research Journal, 75(2), 157-164.
  • [17] Vuruşkan, D., Sarıoğlu, E., Çelik, H.İ., Kaynak, H. K. 2017. Compression Properties of Woven Carpet Performance under Dynamic Loading. Periodicals of Engineering and Natural Sciences (PEN), 5, 279-283.
  • [18] Hearle, J. W. S., Liu, H. Tandon, S. K., Wood, E. J. 2005. Computational Model of Wool Carpet Wear. The Journal of The Textile Institute, 96(3), 137-142.
  • [19] Mecit, D., Roye, A. 2009. Investigation of a Testing Method for Compression Behavior of Spacer Fabrics Designed for Concrete Applications. Textile Research Journal, 79(10), 867-875.
  • [20] Fujimoto, T., Sunderland, M., Tandon, S., Asano, C., Asano, A., Murata, C., Fukuyama, H. 2008. Measurement of Surface Property Using a Special Sensor Developed of Pile Materials. Indian Journal of Fibre & Textile Research, 33, 253-257.
  • [21] Yi, L., Yao, B. 2011. Virtual Instrument Based Measurement System for Handle Properties Evaluation of Textile Materials. Third International Conference on Measuring Technology and Mechatronics Automation, IEEE, Shanghai, China, 3, 1120-1223.
  • [22] Liao, X., Li, Y., Hu, J. et al. 2014. A Simultaneous Measurement Method to Characterize Touch Properties of Textile Materials, Fibers Polym, 15, 1548-1559.
  • [23] Orr, M., Stowe, D., Thoe, S, Northup, K., Torok, M., ODell, A., Summers, J., Blouin, V., Joseph, P. 2013. Design of a Scaled Off-Vehicle Wheel Testing Device for Textile Tread Wear,” Conference: SAE World Congress, SAE Technical Paper. Detroit, Michigan, United States.
  • [24] Sengupta, S., Debnath, S., and Sengupta, A. 2016. Fabric Bending Behavior Testing Instrument for Technical Textiles. measurement, 87, 205-215.
  • [25] Alsayed, M., Kaynak, H. K., and Çelik, İ., H. 2020. Design of a Test System for Compressibility and Resilience Performance Measurement of Floor Coverings. Çukurova University Journal of the Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, 35(2), 469-475.
  • [26] Alsayed, M., 2020. Development of a Functional Test Device Capable of Automatically Performing Main Carpet Performance Tests. MSc, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Turkey.
  • [27] British standard. 1987. Method for Determination of Thickness Loss of Carpets after Prolonged Heavy Static Loading, BS 4939.
  • [28] American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM). 2017. Standard Test Method for Measuring Recovery Properties of Floor Coverings after Static Loading, ASTM F970.
  • [29] British standard. 1975. Determination of Thickness, Compression, and Recovery Characteristics of Textile Floor, C: BS 4098.
  • [30] Turkish standard. 1991. Carpets-Determination of Thickness Loss After Brief, Moderate Static Loading, TS 3378.
  • [31] British standard. 1987. Method for Determination of Thickness of Carpets, BS 4051.
  • [32] WIRA Instrumentation, 01.05.2020, WIRA Floor Covering Static Loading Tester. Retrieve from: http://aygenteks.com/media/dosyalar/2017/09/statik-y%C3%BCkleme.pdf
  • [33] WIRA Instrumentation, 01.05.2020, WIRA Digital Thickness Gauge Floor Coverings. Retrieve from: https://aygenteks.com/media/dosyalar/2017/09/kal%C4%B1nl%C4%B1k-%C3%B6l%C3%A7me.pdf
  • [34] IDM instrument, 01.05.2020, Static Load Tester for Carpet. Retrieve from: https://idminstruments.com.au/testing-instruments/products/static-load-tester-for-carpet.html
  • [35] WIRA Instrumentation, 05.01.2020, WIRA Dynamic Load Machine. Retrieve from: http://www.wira.com/media/other/37656/WiraDynamicLoading.pdf
  • [36] Hussain, M. K. G., Babu, T. J., Hussain, S. A. 2016. Fabrication Of Pneumatic Water Pumping System. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET), 3(7), 2032- 2041.
  • [37] Magnusson, B. Örnemark, U. 2018. Eurachem Guide: The Fitness for Purpose of Analytical Methods – A Laboratory Guide to Method Validation and Related Topics, 1-62.
  • [38] Yılmaz. A. 2010. Turklab Kimyasal Analizlerde Metot Validasyonu Ve Verifikasyonu.
Toplam 38 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Giyilebilir Malzemeler
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Maher Alsayed 0000-0001-6619-3907

Hatice Kübra Kaynak 0000-0001-6548-3398

Halil Çelik 0000-0002-1145-6471

Proje Numarası MF.YLT.18.26
Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Haziran 2022
Gönderilme Tarihi 18 Ağustos 2021
Kabul Tarihi 26 Nisan 2022
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2022 Cilt: 32 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Alsayed, M., Kaynak, H. K., & Çelik, H. (2022). Design and Development of an Innovative Test Device Capable of Automatically Performing Carpet Static Loading Tests. Textile and Apparel, 32(2), 126-134. https://doi.org/10.32710/tekstilvekonfeksiyon.983068

No part of this journal may be reproduced, stored, transmitted or disseminated in any forms or by any means without prior written permission of the Editorial Board. The views and opinions expressed here in the articles are those of the authors and are not the views of Tekstil ve Konfeksiyon and Textile and Apparel Research-Application Center.