Research Article
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Year 2025, Volume: 35 Issue: 1, 1 - 10, 31.03.2025
https://doi.org/10.32710/tekstilvekonfeksiyon.1381889

Abstract

Project Number

KUAP(MH)-2020/16

References

  • 1. T. He et al., “Self-Sustainable Wearable Textile Nano-Energy Nano-System (NENS) for Next-Generation Healthcare Applications,” Adv. Sci., vol. 6, no. 24, 2019.
  • 2. A. M. Grancarić et al., Conductive polymers for smart textile applications, vol. 48, no. 3. 2018.
  • 3. A. Schwarz and L. Van Langenhove, “Types and processing of electro-conductive and semiconducting materials for smart textiles,” in Multidisciplinary Know-How for Smart-Textiles Developers, 2013.
  • 4. O. Ala and Q. Fan, “Applications of Conducting Polymers in Electronic Textiles,” Res. J. Text. Appar., vol. 13, no. 4, pp. 51–68, 2009.
  • 5. C. K. Chiang et al., “Electrical conductivity in doped polyacetylene,” Phys. Rev. Lett., vol. 39, no. 17, 1977.
  • 6. C. R. Cork, “Conductive fibres for electronic textiles: An overview,” in Electronic Textiles: Smart Fabrics and Wearable Technology, 2015.
  • 7. L. Groenendaal, F. Jonas, D. Freitag, H. Pielartzik, and J. R. Reynolds, “Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) and Its Derivatives: Past, Present, and Future.”
  • 8. X. Crispin et al., “The origin of the high conductivity of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)- poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT-PSS) plastic electrodes,” Chem. Mater., vol. 18, no. 18, 2006.
  • 9. A. Elschner, S. Kirchmeyer, W. Lövenich, U. Merker, and K. Reuter, “PEDOT: Principles and applications of an intrinsically conductive polyme,” PEDOT Princ. Appl. an Intrinsically Conduct. Polym., pp. 1–380, Jan. 2010.
  • 10. J. F. Serrano-Claumarchirant, R. Muñoz-Espí, A. Cantarero, M. Culebras, and C. M. Gómez, “Electrochemical Deposition of Conductive Polymers on Fabrics,” Coatings, vol. 13, no. 2, 2023.
  • 11. T. Bashir, M. Skrifvars, and N. K. Persson, “Synthesis of high performance, conductive PEDOT-coated polyester yarns by OCVD technique,” Polym. Adv. Technol., vol. 23, no. 3, pp. 611–617, 2012.
  • 12. B. Karagüzel Kayaoǧlu, I. Göcek, H. Kizil, and L. Trabzon, “Functional nano and micro-scale thin film deposition on textiles: Emerging technologies and applications,” Journal of Textiles and Engineer, vol. 19, no. 88. 2012.
  • 13. N. Hussain et al., “Synthesis of highly conductive electrospun recycled polyethylene terephthalate nanofibers using the electroless deposition method,” Nanomaterials, vol. 11, no. 2, 2021.
  • 14. S. M. Shang and W. Zeng, “Conductive nanofibres and nanocoatings for smart textiles,” in Multidisciplinary Know-How for Smart-Textiles Developers, 2013.
  • 15. B. Winther-Jensen, J. Chen, K. West, and G. Wallace, “Vapor phase polymerization of pyrrole and thiophene using iron(III) sulfonates as oxidizing agents,” Macromolecules, vol. 37, no. 16, pp. 5930–5935, 2004.
  • 16. T. Le Truong et al., “Surface smoothness and conductivity control of vapor-phase polymerized poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) thin coating for flexible optoelectronic applications,” Thin Solid Films, vol. 516, no. 18, pp. 6020–6027, 2008.
  • 17. J. Kim, E. Kim, Y. Won, H. Lee, and K. Suh, “The preparation and characteristics of conductive poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) thin film by vapor-phase polymerization,” Synth. Met., vol. 139, no. 2, pp. 485–489, 2003.
  • 18. B. Winther-Jensen and K. West, “Vapor-phase polymerization of 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene: A route to highly conducting polymer surface layers,” Macromolecules, vol. 37, no. 12, pp. 4538–4543, 2004.
  • 19. J. S. Choi, K. Y. Cho, and J. H. Yim, “Micro-patterning of vapor-phase polymerized poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) using ink-jet printing/soft lithography,” Eur. Polym. J., vol. 46, no. 3, pp. 389–396, 2010.
  • 20. X. Yang, S. Shang, L. Li, X. M. Tao, and F. Yan, “Vapor phase polymerization of 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene on flexible substrate and its application on heat generation,” Polym. Adv. Technol., vol. 22, no. 6, 2011.
  • 21. I. G. Trindade, J. Matos, J. Lucas, R. Miguel, M. Pereira, and M. S. Silva, “Synthesis of poly(3, 4-ethylenedioxythiophene) coating on textiles by the vapor phase polymerization method,” Text. Res. J., vol. 85, no. 3, 2015.
  • 22. O. Ala, B. Hu, D. Li, C. L. Yang, P. Calvert, and Q. Fan, “Conductive Textiles via Vapor-Phase Polymerization of 3,4-Ethylenedioxythiophene,” ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, vol. 9, no. 34, 2017.
  • 23. L. S. Pires, D. S. Melo, J. P. Borges, and C. R. Henriques, “PEDOT-Coated PLA Fibers Electrospun from Solutions Incorporating Fe(III)Tosylate in Different Solvents by Vapor-Phase Polymerization for Neural Regeneration,” Polymers (Basel)., vol. 15, no. 19, 2023.
  • 24. A. (BUU G. S. of N. and A. S. D. of T. E. Yenice, “Investigation of the effects of number of filaments and weaving structure on polyester textile surfaces made conductive by coating pedot film with vapour phase polymerization method (Master’s Thesis).,” Bursa Uludag University, 2021.
  • 25. R. Brooke, P. Cottis, P. Talemi, M. Fabretto, P. Murphy, and D. Evans, “Recent advances in the synthesis of conducting polymers from the vapour phase,” Prog. Mater. Sci., vol. 86, pp. 127–146, May 2017.
  • 26. H. Moon et al., “Ag/Au/Polypyrrole Core-shell Nanowire Network for Transparent, Stretchable and Flexible Supercapacitor in Wearable Energy Devices,” Sci. Rep., vol. 7, no. February, pp. 1–10, 2017.
  • 27. H. R. Lim, H. S. Kim, R. Qazi, Y. T. Kwon, J. W. Jeong, and W. H. Yeo, “Advanced Soft Materials, Sensor Integrations, and Applications of Wearable Flexible Hybrid Electronics in Healthcare, Energy, and Environment,” Advanced Materials, vol. 32, no. 15. 2020.
  • 28. D. Duran and H. Kadoğlu, “Electromagnetic shielding characterization of conductive woven fabrics produced with silver-containing yarns,” Text. Res. J., vol. 85, no. 10, 2015.
  • 29. M. B. Sampath, S. Mani, and G. Nalankilli, “Effect of filament fineness on comfort characteristics of moisture management finished polyester knitted fabrics,” J. Ind. Text., vol. 41, no. 2, 2011.
  • 30. A. Moussa, I. Ben Marzoug, H. Bouchereb, and F. Sakli, “Development and optimisation of waterproof breathable double-sided knitting using a factorial experimental design,” J. Ind. Text., vol. 45, no. 3, 2015.

Investigating the Effect of Weave Type and Filament Count on Electrical Conductivity of Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) Fabrics Coated with PEDOT Polymer

Year 2025, Volume: 35 Issue: 1, 1 - 10, 31.03.2025
https://doi.org/10.32710/tekstilvekonfeksiyon.1381889

Abstract

The rapid development of smart and wearable textiles has been driven by the need for smaller and lighter electronic circuits. To make textile surfaces conductive, various methods have been developed, with vapor-phase polymerization being a preferred method due to its smoothness, conductivity, and ease of application. This study investigates the effect of fundamental characteristics of textile fabrics, such as weave type and filament count, on electrical conductivity. Fabrics woven with different filament counts and weave types were coated with PEDOT polymer using vapor-phase polymerization. The results showed that the fabric woven with 150F288 yarns and a 3/1 twill weave exhibited lower electrical resistance, attributed to the microfibrous structure of the yarn and the twill's staggered structure. Despite increases in resistance values after performance tests, the electrical resistance values remained within a sufficient conductivity range. This research contributes to the understanding of how fabric characteristics affect the electrical conductivity of coated textiles, paving the way for the development of smart electronic textiles.

Supporting Institution

Research Fund of Bursa Uludag University

Project Number

KUAP(MH)-2020/16

Thanks

This work was supported by the Research Fund of Bursa Uludag University. (Project number KUAP(MH)-2020/16). The authors express their sincere thanks to KÜÇÜKÇALIK Tekstil San. ve Tic. A.Ş. (Bursa/Turkey) for their support during the conduct of this study.

References

  • 1. T. He et al., “Self-Sustainable Wearable Textile Nano-Energy Nano-System (NENS) for Next-Generation Healthcare Applications,” Adv. Sci., vol. 6, no. 24, 2019.
  • 2. A. M. Grancarić et al., Conductive polymers for smart textile applications, vol. 48, no. 3. 2018.
  • 3. A. Schwarz and L. Van Langenhove, “Types and processing of electro-conductive and semiconducting materials for smart textiles,” in Multidisciplinary Know-How for Smart-Textiles Developers, 2013.
  • 4. O. Ala and Q. Fan, “Applications of Conducting Polymers in Electronic Textiles,” Res. J. Text. Appar., vol. 13, no. 4, pp. 51–68, 2009.
  • 5. C. K. Chiang et al., “Electrical conductivity in doped polyacetylene,” Phys. Rev. Lett., vol. 39, no. 17, 1977.
  • 6. C. R. Cork, “Conductive fibres for electronic textiles: An overview,” in Electronic Textiles: Smart Fabrics and Wearable Technology, 2015.
  • 7. L. Groenendaal, F. Jonas, D. Freitag, H. Pielartzik, and J. R. Reynolds, “Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) and Its Derivatives: Past, Present, and Future.”
  • 8. X. Crispin et al., “The origin of the high conductivity of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)- poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT-PSS) plastic electrodes,” Chem. Mater., vol. 18, no. 18, 2006.
  • 9. A. Elschner, S. Kirchmeyer, W. Lövenich, U. Merker, and K. Reuter, “PEDOT: Principles and applications of an intrinsically conductive polyme,” PEDOT Princ. Appl. an Intrinsically Conduct. Polym., pp. 1–380, Jan. 2010.
  • 10. J. F. Serrano-Claumarchirant, R. Muñoz-Espí, A. Cantarero, M. Culebras, and C. M. Gómez, “Electrochemical Deposition of Conductive Polymers on Fabrics,” Coatings, vol. 13, no. 2, 2023.
  • 11. T. Bashir, M. Skrifvars, and N. K. Persson, “Synthesis of high performance, conductive PEDOT-coated polyester yarns by OCVD technique,” Polym. Adv. Technol., vol. 23, no. 3, pp. 611–617, 2012.
  • 12. B. Karagüzel Kayaoǧlu, I. Göcek, H. Kizil, and L. Trabzon, “Functional nano and micro-scale thin film deposition on textiles: Emerging technologies and applications,” Journal of Textiles and Engineer, vol. 19, no. 88. 2012.
  • 13. N. Hussain et al., “Synthesis of highly conductive electrospun recycled polyethylene terephthalate nanofibers using the electroless deposition method,” Nanomaterials, vol. 11, no. 2, 2021.
  • 14. S. M. Shang and W. Zeng, “Conductive nanofibres and nanocoatings for smart textiles,” in Multidisciplinary Know-How for Smart-Textiles Developers, 2013.
  • 15. B. Winther-Jensen, J. Chen, K. West, and G. Wallace, “Vapor phase polymerization of pyrrole and thiophene using iron(III) sulfonates as oxidizing agents,” Macromolecules, vol. 37, no. 16, pp. 5930–5935, 2004.
  • 16. T. Le Truong et al., “Surface smoothness and conductivity control of vapor-phase polymerized poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) thin coating for flexible optoelectronic applications,” Thin Solid Films, vol. 516, no. 18, pp. 6020–6027, 2008.
  • 17. J. Kim, E. Kim, Y. Won, H. Lee, and K. Suh, “The preparation and characteristics of conductive poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) thin film by vapor-phase polymerization,” Synth. Met., vol. 139, no. 2, pp. 485–489, 2003.
  • 18. B. Winther-Jensen and K. West, “Vapor-phase polymerization of 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene: A route to highly conducting polymer surface layers,” Macromolecules, vol. 37, no. 12, pp. 4538–4543, 2004.
  • 19. J. S. Choi, K. Y. Cho, and J. H. Yim, “Micro-patterning of vapor-phase polymerized poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) using ink-jet printing/soft lithography,” Eur. Polym. J., vol. 46, no. 3, pp. 389–396, 2010.
  • 20. X. Yang, S. Shang, L. Li, X. M. Tao, and F. Yan, “Vapor phase polymerization of 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene on flexible substrate and its application on heat generation,” Polym. Adv. Technol., vol. 22, no. 6, 2011.
  • 21. I. G. Trindade, J. Matos, J. Lucas, R. Miguel, M. Pereira, and M. S. Silva, “Synthesis of poly(3, 4-ethylenedioxythiophene) coating on textiles by the vapor phase polymerization method,” Text. Res. J., vol. 85, no. 3, 2015.
  • 22. O. Ala, B. Hu, D. Li, C. L. Yang, P. Calvert, and Q. Fan, “Conductive Textiles via Vapor-Phase Polymerization of 3,4-Ethylenedioxythiophene,” ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, vol. 9, no. 34, 2017.
  • 23. L. S. Pires, D. S. Melo, J. P. Borges, and C. R. Henriques, “PEDOT-Coated PLA Fibers Electrospun from Solutions Incorporating Fe(III)Tosylate in Different Solvents by Vapor-Phase Polymerization for Neural Regeneration,” Polymers (Basel)., vol. 15, no. 19, 2023.
  • 24. A. (BUU G. S. of N. and A. S. D. of T. E. Yenice, “Investigation of the effects of number of filaments and weaving structure on polyester textile surfaces made conductive by coating pedot film with vapour phase polymerization method (Master’s Thesis).,” Bursa Uludag University, 2021.
  • 25. R. Brooke, P. Cottis, P. Talemi, M. Fabretto, P. Murphy, and D. Evans, “Recent advances in the synthesis of conducting polymers from the vapour phase,” Prog. Mater. Sci., vol. 86, pp. 127–146, May 2017.
  • 26. H. Moon et al., “Ag/Au/Polypyrrole Core-shell Nanowire Network for Transparent, Stretchable and Flexible Supercapacitor in Wearable Energy Devices,” Sci. Rep., vol. 7, no. February, pp. 1–10, 2017.
  • 27. H. R. Lim, H. S. Kim, R. Qazi, Y. T. Kwon, J. W. Jeong, and W. H. Yeo, “Advanced Soft Materials, Sensor Integrations, and Applications of Wearable Flexible Hybrid Electronics in Healthcare, Energy, and Environment,” Advanced Materials, vol. 32, no. 15. 2020.
  • 28. D. Duran and H. Kadoğlu, “Electromagnetic shielding characterization of conductive woven fabrics produced with silver-containing yarns,” Text. Res. J., vol. 85, no. 10, 2015.
  • 29. M. B. Sampath, S. Mani, and G. Nalankilli, “Effect of filament fineness on comfort characteristics of moisture management finished polyester knitted fabrics,” J. Ind. Text., vol. 41, no. 2, 2011.
  • 30. A. Moussa, I. Ben Marzoug, H. Bouchereb, and F. Sakli, “Development and optimisation of waterproof breathable double-sided knitting using a factorial experimental design,” J. Ind. Text., vol. 45, no. 3, 2015.
There are 30 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Yarn Technology, Fabric Technologies, Textile Technology
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Aysun Yenice 0000-0003-0036-7868

Serkan Yıldız 0000-0001-7162-7773

Aslı Hockenberger 0000-0001-5186-9716

Project Number KUAP(MH)-2020/16
Early Pub Date March 29, 2025
Publication Date March 31, 2025
Submission Date October 26, 2023
Acceptance Date August 1, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 35 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Yenice, A., Yıldız, S., & Hockenberger, A. (2025). Investigating the Effect of Weave Type and Filament Count on Electrical Conductivity of Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) Fabrics Coated with PEDOT Polymer. Textile and Apparel, 35(1), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.32710/tekstilvekonfeksiyon.1381889

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