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EFFECT OF DIFFERENT LEVELS OF HYDROGEN + LPG ADDITION ON EMISSIONS AND PERFORMANCE OF A COMPRESSION IGNITION ENGINE

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 2 - Issue Name: Special Issue 9: International Conference on Mechanical Engineering 2017, Istanbul, Turkey, 58 - 69, 29.01.2019
https://doi.org/10.18186/thermal.531704

Öz

Compelling emission regulations and diesel engines damage on
environment have led researchers to work on alternative fuels such as LPG and
hydrogen in recent years. Diesel engine costs are also increasing, especially
on the increased costs of after-treatment equipment used in diesel engines. It
is also known that diesel engines release NOx and smoke emissions,
which are highly harmful to the environment and to the living health. The
effect of the emissions of LPG + H2 (0%, 15%, 30% and 45%) with
different energy contents at full load and same torque (70 Nm) at constant
engine speed of 1200 rpm is investigated on CO, THC, NOx and Smoke
emissions. From the results obtained, there was a slight increase in brake
thermal efficiency, CO and THC emissions. However, significant improvement in
NOx and smoke emissions has been achieved. The results show that
using LPG + H2 in diesel engines, older technology and lower cost
after-treatment equipment can be used, and that NOx and smoke
emissions of diesel engines can be reduced significantly. Also, using small
amount of hydrogen (20% of total gas mixture) and LPG, an important improvement
can be achieved, and the harmful effects of diesel engines can be suppressed
thanks to unique properties of hydrogen fuel.

Kaynakça

  • [1] Saleh, H. E. (2008). Effect of variation in LPG composition on emissions and performance in a dual fuel diesel engine. Fuel, 87(13-14), 3031-3039.
  • [2] Kumar, M. S., Ramesh, A., & Nagalingam, B. (2003). Use of hydrogen to enhance the performance of a vegetable oil fuelled compression ignition engine. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 28(10), 1143-1154.
  • [3] Lata, D. B., Misra, A., & Medhekar, S. (2012). Effect of hydrogen and LPG addition on the efficiency and emissions of a dual fuel diesel engine. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 37(7), 6084-6096.
  • [4] Beroun, S., & Martins, J. (2001). The development of gas (CNG, LPG and H2) engines for buses and trucks and their emission and cycle variability characteristics (No. 2001-01-0144). SAE Technical Paper.
  • [5] Qi, D. H., Bian, Y. Z., Ma, Z. Y., Zhang, C. H., & Liu, S. Q. (2007). Combustion and exhaust emission characteristics of a compression ignition engine using liquefied petroleum gas–diesel blended fuel. Energy Conversion and Management, 48(2), 500-509.
  • [6] Sahoo, B. B., Sahoo, N., & Saha, U. K. (2009). Effect of engine parameters and type of gaseous fuel on the performance of dual-fuel gas diesel engines—A critical review. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 13(6-7), 1151-1184.
  • [7] Poonia, M. P., Ramesh, A., & Gaur, R. R. (1999). Experimental investigation of the factors affecting the performance of a LPG-diesel dual fuel engine. SAE transactions, 499-508.
  • [8] Heywood JB. Internal combustion egine fundementals. (1988).New York:McGraw-Hill.
  • [9] Vijayabalan, P., & Nagarajan, G. (2009). Performance, emission and combustion of LPG diesel dual fuel engine using glow plug. JJMIE, 2, 105-110.
  • [10] Selim, M. Y., Radwan, M. S., & Saleh, H. E. (2008). Improving the performance of dual fuel engines running on natural gas/LPG by using pilot fuel derived from jojoba seeds. Renewable Energy, 33(6), 1173-1185.
  • [11] Bose, P. K., & Maji, D. (2009). An experimental investigation on engine performance and emissions of a single cylinder diesel engine using hydrogen as inducted fuel and diesel as injected fuel with exhaust gas recirculation. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 34(11), 4847-4854.
  • [12] Das, L. M. (2002). Hydrogen engine: research and development (R&D) programmes in Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Delhi. International journal of hydrogen energy, 27(9), 953-965.
  • [13] Das, L. M. (2002). Near-term introduction of hydrogen engines for automotive and agricultural application. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 27(5), 479-487.
  • [14] Boretti, A. (2011). Advantages of the direct injection of both diesel and hydrogen in dual fuel H2ICE. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 36(15), 9312-9317.
  • [15] Liew, C., Li, H., Nuszkowski, J., Liu, S., Gatts, T., Atkinson, R., & Clark, N. (2010). An experimental investigation of the combustion process of a heavy-duty diesel engine enriched with H2. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 35(20), 11357-11365.
  • [16] Saravanan, N., & Nagarajan, G. (2008). An experimental investigation of hydrogen-enriched air induction in a diesel engine system. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 33(6), 1769-1775.
  • [17] Liew, C., Li, H., Nuszkowski, J., Liu, S., Gatts, T., Atkinson, R., & Clark, N. (2010). An experimental investigation of the combustion process of a heavy-duty diesel engine enriched with H2. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 35(20), 11357-11365.
  • [18] Saravanan, N., & Nagarajan, G. (2010). Performance and emission studies on port injection of hydrogen with varied flow rates with Diesel as an ignition source. Applied Energy, 87(7), 2218-2229.
  • [19] Szwaja, S., & Grab-Rogalinski, K. (2009). Hydrogen combustion in a compression ignition diesel engine. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 34(10), 4413-4421.
  • [20] Lilik, G. K., Zhang, H., Herreros, J. M., Haworth, D. C., & Boehman, A. L. (2010). Hydrogen assisted diesel combustion. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 35(9), 4382-4398.
  • [21] Antunes, J. G., Mikalsen, R., & Roskilly, A. P. (2009). An experimental study of a direct injection compression ignition hydrogen engine. International journal of hydrogen energy, 34(15), 6516-6522.
  • [22] Masood, M., Ishrat, M. M., & Reddy, A. S. (2007). Computational combustion and emission analysis of hydrogen–diesel blends with experimental verification. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 32(13), 2539-2547.
  • [23] Heffel, J. W. (2003). NOx emission and performance data for a hydrogen fueled internal combustion engine at 1500rpm using exhaust gas recirculation. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 28(8), 901-908.
  • [24] Saravanan, N., Nagarajan, G., Kalaiselvan, K. M., & Dhanasekaran, C. (2008). An experimental investigation on hydrogen as a dual fuel for diesel engine system with exhaust gas recirculation technique. Renewable Energy, 33(3), 422-427.
  • [25] Varde, K. S., & Frame, G. A. (1983). Hydrogen aspiration in a direct injection type diesel engine-its effects on smoke and other engine performance parameters. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 8(7), 549-555.
  • [26] Shirk, M. G., McGuire, T. P., Neal, G. L., & Haworth, D. C. (2008). Investigation of a hydrogen-assisted combustion system for a light-duty diesel vehicle. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 33(23), 7237-7244.
  • [27] Wei, L., & Geng, P. (2016). A review on natural gas/diesel dual fuel combustion, emissions and performance. Fuel Processing Technology, 142, 264-278.
  • [28] Fenimore, C. P. (1971, January). Formation of nitric oxide in premixed hydrocarbon flames. In Symposium (International) on Combustion (Vol. 13, No. 1, pp. 373-380). Elsevier. [29] Stiesch, G. (2003). Modeling engine spray and combustion processes. Springer Science & Business Media.
  • [30] Karagöz, Y., Sandalcı, T., Koylu, U. O., Dalkılıç, A. S., & Wongwises, S. (2016). Effect of the use of natural gas–diesel fuel mixture on performance, emissions, and combustion characteristics of a compression ignition engine. Advances in Mechanical Engineering, 8(4), 1687814016643228.
  • [31] Karagöz, Y., Güler, İ., Sandalcı, T., Yüksek, L., Dalkılıç, A. S., & Wongwises, S. (2016). Effects of hydrogen and methane addition on combustion characteristics, emissions, and performance of a CI engine. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 41(2), 1313-1325.
  • [32] Karagöz, Y. (2018). Effect of hydrogen addition at different levels on emissions and performance of a diesel engine. Journal of Thermal Engineering, 4(2), 1780-1790.
  • [33] Lata, D. B., & Misra, A. (2010). Theoretical and experimental investigations on the performance of dual fuel diesel engine with hydrogen and LPG as secondary fuels. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 35(21), 11918-11931.
  • [34] Lata, D. B., Misra, A., & Medhekar, S. (2012). Effect of hydrogen and LPG addition on the efficiency and emissions of a dual fuel diesel engine. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 37(7), 6084-6096.
  • [35] Lata, D. B., Misra, A., & Medhekar, S. (2011). Investigations on the combustion parameters of a dual fuel diesel engine with hydrogen and LPG as secondary fuels. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 36(21), 13808-13819.
Yıl 2019, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 2 - Issue Name: Special Issue 9: International Conference on Mechanical Engineering 2017, Istanbul, Turkey, 58 - 69, 29.01.2019
https://doi.org/10.18186/thermal.531704

Öz

Kaynakça

  • [1] Saleh, H. E. (2008). Effect of variation in LPG composition on emissions and performance in a dual fuel diesel engine. Fuel, 87(13-14), 3031-3039.
  • [2] Kumar, M. S., Ramesh, A., & Nagalingam, B. (2003). Use of hydrogen to enhance the performance of a vegetable oil fuelled compression ignition engine. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 28(10), 1143-1154.
  • [3] Lata, D. B., Misra, A., & Medhekar, S. (2012). Effect of hydrogen and LPG addition on the efficiency and emissions of a dual fuel diesel engine. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 37(7), 6084-6096.
  • [4] Beroun, S., & Martins, J. (2001). The development of gas (CNG, LPG and H2) engines for buses and trucks and their emission and cycle variability characteristics (No. 2001-01-0144). SAE Technical Paper.
  • [5] Qi, D. H., Bian, Y. Z., Ma, Z. Y., Zhang, C. H., & Liu, S. Q. (2007). Combustion and exhaust emission characteristics of a compression ignition engine using liquefied petroleum gas–diesel blended fuel. Energy Conversion and Management, 48(2), 500-509.
  • [6] Sahoo, B. B., Sahoo, N., & Saha, U. K. (2009). Effect of engine parameters and type of gaseous fuel on the performance of dual-fuel gas diesel engines—A critical review. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 13(6-7), 1151-1184.
  • [7] Poonia, M. P., Ramesh, A., & Gaur, R. R. (1999). Experimental investigation of the factors affecting the performance of a LPG-diesel dual fuel engine. SAE transactions, 499-508.
  • [8] Heywood JB. Internal combustion egine fundementals. (1988).New York:McGraw-Hill.
  • [9] Vijayabalan, P., & Nagarajan, G. (2009). Performance, emission and combustion of LPG diesel dual fuel engine using glow plug. JJMIE, 2, 105-110.
  • [10] Selim, M. Y., Radwan, M. S., & Saleh, H. E. (2008). Improving the performance of dual fuel engines running on natural gas/LPG by using pilot fuel derived from jojoba seeds. Renewable Energy, 33(6), 1173-1185.
  • [11] Bose, P. K., & Maji, D. (2009). An experimental investigation on engine performance and emissions of a single cylinder diesel engine using hydrogen as inducted fuel and diesel as injected fuel with exhaust gas recirculation. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 34(11), 4847-4854.
  • [12] Das, L. M. (2002). Hydrogen engine: research and development (R&D) programmes in Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Delhi. International journal of hydrogen energy, 27(9), 953-965.
  • [13] Das, L. M. (2002). Near-term introduction of hydrogen engines for automotive and agricultural application. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 27(5), 479-487.
  • [14] Boretti, A. (2011). Advantages of the direct injection of both diesel and hydrogen in dual fuel H2ICE. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 36(15), 9312-9317.
  • [15] Liew, C., Li, H., Nuszkowski, J., Liu, S., Gatts, T., Atkinson, R., & Clark, N. (2010). An experimental investigation of the combustion process of a heavy-duty diesel engine enriched with H2. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 35(20), 11357-11365.
  • [16] Saravanan, N., & Nagarajan, G. (2008). An experimental investigation of hydrogen-enriched air induction in a diesel engine system. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 33(6), 1769-1775.
  • [17] Liew, C., Li, H., Nuszkowski, J., Liu, S., Gatts, T., Atkinson, R., & Clark, N. (2010). An experimental investigation of the combustion process of a heavy-duty diesel engine enriched with H2. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 35(20), 11357-11365.
  • [18] Saravanan, N., & Nagarajan, G. (2010). Performance and emission studies on port injection of hydrogen with varied flow rates with Diesel as an ignition source. Applied Energy, 87(7), 2218-2229.
  • [19] Szwaja, S., & Grab-Rogalinski, K. (2009). Hydrogen combustion in a compression ignition diesel engine. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 34(10), 4413-4421.
  • [20] Lilik, G. K., Zhang, H., Herreros, J. M., Haworth, D. C., & Boehman, A. L. (2010). Hydrogen assisted diesel combustion. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 35(9), 4382-4398.
  • [21] Antunes, J. G., Mikalsen, R., & Roskilly, A. P. (2009). An experimental study of a direct injection compression ignition hydrogen engine. International journal of hydrogen energy, 34(15), 6516-6522.
  • [22] Masood, M., Ishrat, M. M., & Reddy, A. S. (2007). Computational combustion and emission analysis of hydrogen–diesel blends with experimental verification. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 32(13), 2539-2547.
  • [23] Heffel, J. W. (2003). NOx emission and performance data for a hydrogen fueled internal combustion engine at 1500rpm using exhaust gas recirculation. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 28(8), 901-908.
  • [24] Saravanan, N., Nagarajan, G., Kalaiselvan, K. M., & Dhanasekaran, C. (2008). An experimental investigation on hydrogen as a dual fuel for diesel engine system with exhaust gas recirculation technique. Renewable Energy, 33(3), 422-427.
  • [25] Varde, K. S., & Frame, G. A. (1983). Hydrogen aspiration in a direct injection type diesel engine-its effects on smoke and other engine performance parameters. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 8(7), 549-555.
  • [26] Shirk, M. G., McGuire, T. P., Neal, G. L., & Haworth, D. C. (2008). Investigation of a hydrogen-assisted combustion system for a light-duty diesel vehicle. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 33(23), 7237-7244.
  • [27] Wei, L., & Geng, P. (2016). A review on natural gas/diesel dual fuel combustion, emissions and performance. Fuel Processing Technology, 142, 264-278.
  • [28] Fenimore, C. P. (1971, January). Formation of nitric oxide in premixed hydrocarbon flames. In Symposium (International) on Combustion (Vol. 13, No. 1, pp. 373-380). Elsevier. [29] Stiesch, G. (2003). Modeling engine spray and combustion processes. Springer Science & Business Media.
  • [30] Karagöz, Y., Sandalcı, T., Koylu, U. O., Dalkılıç, A. S., & Wongwises, S. (2016). Effect of the use of natural gas–diesel fuel mixture on performance, emissions, and combustion characteristics of a compression ignition engine. Advances in Mechanical Engineering, 8(4), 1687814016643228.
  • [31] Karagöz, Y., Güler, İ., Sandalcı, T., Yüksek, L., Dalkılıç, A. S., & Wongwises, S. (2016). Effects of hydrogen and methane addition on combustion characteristics, emissions, and performance of a CI engine. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 41(2), 1313-1325.
  • [32] Karagöz, Y. (2018). Effect of hydrogen addition at different levels on emissions and performance of a diesel engine. Journal of Thermal Engineering, 4(2), 1780-1790.
  • [33] Lata, D. B., & Misra, A. (2010). Theoretical and experimental investigations on the performance of dual fuel diesel engine with hydrogen and LPG as secondary fuels. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 35(21), 11918-11931.
  • [34] Lata, D. B., Misra, A., & Medhekar, S. (2012). Effect of hydrogen and LPG addition on the efficiency and emissions of a dual fuel diesel engine. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 37(7), 6084-6096.
  • [35] Lata, D. B., Misra, A., & Medhekar, S. (2011). Investigations on the combustion parameters of a dual fuel diesel engine with hydrogen and LPG as secondary fuels. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 36(21), 13808-13819.
Toplam 34 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Hasan Köten 0000-0002-1907-9420

Yayımlanma Tarihi 29 Ocak 2019
Gönderilme Tarihi 4 Temmuz 2018
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2019 Cilt: 5 Sayı: 2 - Issue Name: Special Issue 9: International Conference on Mechanical Engineering 2017, Istanbul, Turkey

Kaynak Göster

APA Köten, H. (2019). EFFECT OF DIFFERENT LEVELS OF HYDROGEN + LPG ADDITION ON EMISSIONS AND PERFORMANCE OF A COMPRESSION IGNITION ENGINE. Journal of Thermal Engineering, 5(2), 58-69. https://doi.org/10.18186/thermal.531704
AMA Köten H. EFFECT OF DIFFERENT LEVELS OF HYDROGEN + LPG ADDITION ON EMISSIONS AND PERFORMANCE OF A COMPRESSION IGNITION ENGINE. Journal of Thermal Engineering. Ocak 2019;5(2):58-69. doi:10.18186/thermal.531704
Chicago Köten, Hasan. “EFFECT OF DIFFERENT LEVELS OF HYDROGEN + LPG ADDITION ON EMISSIONS AND PERFORMANCE OF A COMPRESSION IGNITION ENGINE”. Journal of Thermal Engineering 5, sy. 2 (Ocak 2019): 58-69. https://doi.org/10.18186/thermal.531704.
EndNote Köten H (01 Ocak 2019) EFFECT OF DIFFERENT LEVELS OF HYDROGEN + LPG ADDITION ON EMISSIONS AND PERFORMANCE OF A COMPRESSION IGNITION ENGINE. Journal of Thermal Engineering 5 2 58–69.
IEEE H. Köten, “EFFECT OF DIFFERENT LEVELS OF HYDROGEN + LPG ADDITION ON EMISSIONS AND PERFORMANCE OF A COMPRESSION IGNITION ENGINE”, Journal of Thermal Engineering, c. 5, sy. 2, ss. 58–69, 2019, doi: 10.18186/thermal.531704.
ISNAD Köten, Hasan. “EFFECT OF DIFFERENT LEVELS OF HYDROGEN + LPG ADDITION ON EMISSIONS AND PERFORMANCE OF A COMPRESSION IGNITION ENGINE”. Journal of Thermal Engineering 5/2 (Ocak 2019), 58-69. https://doi.org/10.18186/thermal.531704.
JAMA Köten H. EFFECT OF DIFFERENT LEVELS OF HYDROGEN + LPG ADDITION ON EMISSIONS AND PERFORMANCE OF A COMPRESSION IGNITION ENGINE. Journal of Thermal Engineering. 2019;5:58–69.
MLA Köten, Hasan. “EFFECT OF DIFFERENT LEVELS OF HYDROGEN + LPG ADDITION ON EMISSIONS AND PERFORMANCE OF A COMPRESSION IGNITION ENGINE”. Journal of Thermal Engineering, c. 5, sy. 2, 2019, ss. 58-69, doi:10.18186/thermal.531704.
Vancouver Köten H. EFFECT OF DIFFERENT LEVELS OF HYDROGEN + LPG ADDITION ON EMISSIONS AND PERFORMANCE OF A COMPRESSION IGNITION ENGINE. Journal of Thermal Engineering. 2019;5(2):58-69.

IMPORTANT NOTE: JOURNAL SUBMISSION LINK http://eds.yildiz.edu.tr/journal-of-thermal-engineering