Effects of electric field, MHD micropolar hybrid nanofluid flow with mixed convection and thermal radiation across a flat surface

Year 2024, Volume: 10 Issue: 6, 1607 - 1620, 19.11.2024

Aruna J. H. Niranjan

Abstract

Hybrid nanofluids significantly impact the thermal properties of pure fluids. This study examines the flow of a micropolar electrically conducting hybrid nanofluid in a mixed convective MHD environment over a flat surface. The enclosed fluid is a specialized water-based mixture of hybrid nanoparticles containing silver and alumina, uniformly dispersed to fill the enclosure. Suction and injection effects are applied to the vertically positioned plate within a permeable material. Further considerations include Joule heating, electrical effects, thermal radiation, and viscous dissipation. The nonlinear PDEs are converted into a dimensionless form and subsequently solved numerically using the bvp4c function in MATLAB. Results Show increased fluid mobility with magnetic and mixed convection factors, declining under micropolar component presence. Micropolar parameters enhance fluid micro rotational velocity. Thermal behavior diminishes with the higher electric field and rises with increased magnetic effects, heat source, radiation, Eckert number, and micropolar parameter. The velocity curve elevates with a higher electric field factor. The Nusselt number and dimensionless skin friction coefficient values are computed and graphically represented. The research finds applications in engineering and medicine, including Heat Exchangers, Microfluidics, Medical Imaging, Electroplating, and Electrokinetic Pumps. Electric field effects are pivotal in electrothermal thrusters for spacecraft propulsion, leveraging principles of magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) and hybrid nanofluid flow to enhance performance in the vacuum space.

Keywords

Electric Field, Hybrid Nanofluid, Micropolar Fluid, Mixed Convection, MHD, Thermal Radiation

References

• [1] Jamil F, Ali HM. Applications of hybrid nanofluids in different fields. In: Ali HM, ed. Hybrid Nanofluids for Convection Heat Transfer. Cambridge, MA: Academic Press; 2020. [CrossRef]
• [2] Suneetha S, Subbarayudu K, Bala Anki Reddy P. Hybrid nanofluids development and benefits: A comprehensive review. J Therm Engineer 2022;8:445–455. [CrossRef]
• [3] Chu YM, Khan MI, Abbas T, Sidi MO, Alharbi KAM, Alqsair UF, et al. Radiative thermal analysis for four types of hybrid nanoparticles subject to non-uniform heat source: Keller box numerical approach. Case Stud Therm Engineer 2022;40:102474. [CrossRef]
• [4] Khan MR, Pan K, Khan AU, Nadeem S. Dual solutions for mixed convection flow of SiO2−Al2O3/water hybrid nanofluid near the stagnation point over a curved surface. Phys A Stat Mech Appl 2019;547:123959. [CrossRef]
• [5] Kayalvizhi J, Vijaya Kumar AG. Entropy analysis of EMHD hybrid nanofluid stagnation point flow over a porous stretching sheet with melting heat transfer in the presence of thermal radiation. Energies 2022;15:8317. [CrossRef]
• [6] Mandal G. A numerical study of Ag − M gO / water hybrid micropolar nano uid ow with effects of quadratic thermal radiant energy along an exponentially contracting permeable Riga surface: Stability and Entropy optimization. Research Square 17 Aug 2023. Doi: https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-3260581/v1. [Preprint] [CrossRef]
• [7] Roy S, Asirvatham LG, Kunhappan D, Cephas E, Wongwises S. Heat transfer performance of Silver/Water nanofluid in a solar flat-plate collector. J Therm Engineer 2015;1:104–112. [CrossRef]
• [8] Paul A, Nath JM, Das TK. An investigation of the MHD Cu-Al2O3/H2O hybrid-nanofluid in a porous medium across a vertically stretching cylinder incorporating thermal stratification impact. J Therm Engineer 2023;9:799–810. [CrossRef]
• [9] Singh U, Pandey H, Gupta NK. An exploratory review on heat transfer mechanisms in nanofluid based heat pipes. J Therm Engineer 2023;9:1339–1355. [CrossRef]
• [10] Eringen AC. Irreversible thermodynamics and continuum mechanics. Phys Rev A 1960;117:1174–1183. [CrossRef]
• [11] Lone SA, Alyami MA, Saeed A, Dawar A, Kumam P, Kumam W. MHD micropolar hybrid nanofluid flow over a flat surface subject to mixed convection and thermal radiation. Sci Rep 2022;12:1–14. [CrossRef]
• [12] Zaib A, Khan U, Shah Z, Kumam P. Optimization of entropy generation in flow of micropolar mixed convective magnetite (Fe3O4) ferroparticle over a vertical plate. Alexandria Engineer J 2019;58:1461–1470. [CrossRef]
• [13] Tripathi D, Prakash J, Tiwari AK, Ellahi R. Thermal, microrotation , electromagnetic field and nanoparticle shape effects on Cu-CuO / blood flow in microvascular vessels. Microvas Res 2020;132:104065. [CrossRef]
• [14] Bansal P, Chattopadhayay AK, Agrawal VP. Linear stability analysis of hydrodynamic journal bearings with a flexible liner and micropolar lubrication. Tribol Transac 2015;58:316–326. [CrossRef]
• [15] Tanuja TN, Kavitha L, Varma AVK, Khan U, Sherif ESM, Hassan AM, et al. Flow and heat transfer analysis on micropolar fluid through a porous medium between a clear and Al2O3-Cu/H2O in conducting field. Front Mater 2023;10:1216757.[CrossRef]
• [16] Shah Z, Islam S, Gul T, Bonyah E, Altaf Khan M. The electrical MHD and Hall current impact on micropolar nanofluid flow between rotating parallel plates. Results Phys 2018;9:1201–1214. [CrossRef]
• [17] Khan U, Zaib A, Abu Bakar S, Ishak A. Stagnation-point flow of a hybrid nanoliquid over a non-isothermal stretching/shrinking sheet with characteristics of inertial and microstructure. Case Stud Therm Engineer 2021;26:101150. [CrossRef]
• [18] Ram SR, Bandaru S, Salawu AO, Mohammed SP. A numerical study of radiation effects of an unsteady micropolar fluid through porous medium with MHD boundary layer flow near the stagnation point towards a shrinking surface. Research Square 21 Feb 2023. Doi: https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-2603496/v1. [Preprint] [CrossRef]
• [19] Roja P, Reddy TS, Ibrahim SM, Parvathi M, Dharmaiah G, Lorenzini G. Magnetic field influence on thermophoretic micropolar fluid flow over an inclined permeable surface: A numerical study. J Appl Comp Mech 2024;10:369–382.
• [20] Alqahtani AM, Zeeshan KW, Amina ASA, El-Wahed KHA. Stability of magnetohydrodynamics free convective micropolar thermal liquid movement over an exponentially extended curved surface. Heliyon 2023;9:e21807. [CrossRef]
• [21] Mollamahdi M, Abbaszadeh M, Sheikhzadeh GA. Analytical study of Al 2 O 3 -Cu / water micropolar hybrid nano uid in a porous channel with expanding / contracting walls in the presence of magnetic eld. ScientiaIranica 2018;25:208–220. [CrossRef]
• [22] Jawad M, Khan Z, Bonyah E, Jan R. Analysis of hybrid nanofluid stagnation point flow over a stretching surface with melting heat transfer. Math Problems Engineer 2022:9469164. [CrossRef]
• [23] Joule’s 1840 manuscript on the production of heat by voltaic electricity. Notes and Records 2020, 76 (1): 117-153.. Available at:doi:10.1098/rsnr.2020.0027.
• [24] Khan SA, Khan MI, Alsallami SAM, Alhazmi SE, Alharbi FM, El-Zahar ER. Irreversibility analysis in hydromagnetic flow of Newtonian fluid with Joule heating: Darcy-Forchheimer model. J Petrol Sci Engineer 2022;212:110206. [CrossRef]
• [25] Saeed A, Alsubie A, Kumam P, Nasir S, Gul T. Blood based hybrid nanofluid flow together with electromagnetic field and couple stresses. Sci Rep 2021;12865. [CrossRef]
• [26] Shamshuddin MD, Mishra SR, Bég OA, Kadir A. Unsteady reactive magnetic radiative micropolar flow, heat and mass transfer from an inclined plate with Joule heating: A model for magnetic polymer processing. Proc Inst Mech Engineer C: J Mech Engineer Sci 2019;233:1246–1261. [CrossRef]
• [27] Pramanik S. Casson fluid flow and heat transfer past an exponentially porous stretching surface in presence of thermal radiation. Ain Shams Engineer J 2014;5:205–212. [CrossRef]
• [28] Hassan AR, Fenuga OJ. The effects of thermal radiation on the flow of a reactive hydromagnetic heat generating couple stress fluid through a porous channel. SN Appl Sci 2019;1:1–10. [CrossRef]
• [29] Reddy YD, Shankar Goud B. Comprehensive analysis of thermal radiation impact on an unsteady MHD nanofluid flow across an infinite vertical flat plate with ramped temperature with heat consumption. Results Engineer 2023;17:100796. [CrossRef]
• [30] Srilatha P, Hassan AM, Goud BS, Kumar ER. Mathematical Study of MHD micropolar fluid flow with radiation and dissipative impacts over a permeable stretching sheet: Slip effects phenomena. Front Heat Mass Transf 2023;21:539–562. [CrossRef]
• [31] Jakeer S, Bala Anki Reddy P. Entropy generation on EMHD stagnation point flow of hybrid nanofluid over a stretching sheet: Homotopy perturbation solution. Phys Scr 2020;95:125203. [CrossRef]
• [32] Abbas SZ, Khan WA, Gulzar MM, Hayt T, Waqas M, Asghar Z. Magnetic field influence in three-dimensional rotating micropolar nanoliquid with convective conditions. Comp Meth Prog Biomed 2020;189:105324. [CrossRef]
• [33] Hosseinzadeh K, Roghani S, Asadi A, Mogharrebi A, Ganji DD. Investigation of micropolar hybrid ferrofluid flow over a vertical plate by considering various base fluid and nanoparticle shape factor. Int J Numer Meth Heat Fluid Flow 2021;31:402–417. [CrossRef]
• [34] Kolade Koriko O, Oreyeni T, John Omowaye A, Lare Animasaun I. Homotopy analysis of MHD free convective micropolar fluid flow along a vertical surface embedded in non-darcian thermally-stratified medium. Open J Fluid Dyna 2016;06:198–221. [CrossRef]
• [35] Cortell R. Heat and fluid flow due to non-linearly stretching surfaces. Appl Math Comp 2011;217:7564–7572. [CrossRef]
• [36] Waini I, Ishak A, Pop I. Hybrid nanofluid flow and heat transfer over a nonlinear permeable stretching/shrinking surface. Int J Numer Meth Heat Fluid Flow 2019;29:3110–3127. [CrossRef]
• [37] Abu-Nada E. Application of nanofluids for heat transfer enhancement of separated flows encountered in a backward facing step. Int J Heat Fluid Flow 2008;29:242–249. [CrossRef]
• [38] Sheikholeslami M, Hatami M, Ganji DD. Nanofluid flow and heat transfer in a rotating system in the presence of a magnetic field. J Molecular Liquids 2014;190:112–120. [CrossRef]
• [39] Gamachu D, Ibrahim W. Mixed convection flow of viscoelastic Ag-Al2O3/water hybrid nanofluid past a rotating disk. Phys Scr 2021;96:125205. [CrossRef]
• [40] Gangadhar K, Edukondala Nayak R, Venkata Subba Rao M, Kannan T. Nodal/saddle stagnation point slip flow of an aqueous convectional magnesium oxide–gold hybrid nanofluid with viscous dissipation. Arab J Sci Engineer 2021;46:2701–2710. [CrossRef]
• [41] Khashiie NS, Arifin NM, Wahid NS, Pop I. Insight into unsteady separated stagnation point flow of hybrid nanofluids subjected to an electro-magnetohydrodynamics riga plate. Magnetochemistry 2023;9:9020046. [CrossRef]
• [42] Waqas H, Raza Shah Naqvi SM, Alqarni MS, Muhammad T. Thermal transport in magnetized flow of hybrid nanofluids over a vertical stretching cylinder. Case Stud Therm Engineer 2021;27:101219. [CrossRef]
• [43] Eldabe NT, Gabr ME, Ali KK, Abdelzaher S, Zaher AZ. Mathematical modeling of the gyrotactic microorganisms of non darcian micropolar fluid containing different nanoparticles. Chiang Mai J Sci 2021;48:1412–1429.
• [44] Algehyne EA, Haq I, Raizah Z, Alduais FS, Saeed A, Galal AM. A passive control strategy of a micropolar hybrid nanofluid flow over a convectively heated flat surface. J Magnet Magnet Mater 2023;567:170355. [CrossRef]
• [45] Aman F, Ishak A, Pop I. Mixed convection boundary layer flow near stagnation-point on vertical surface with slip. Appl Math Mech 2011;32:1599–1606. [CrossRef]
• [46] Lok YY, Amin N, Pop I. Unsteady mixed convection flow of a micropolar fluid near the stagnation point on a vertical surface. Int J Therm Sci 2006;45:1149–1157. [CrossRef]
• [47] Uddin N, Alim A, Rahman M. MHD effects on mixed convective nanofluid flow with viscous dissipation in surrounding porous medium. J Appl Math Phsy 2019;7:968–982. [CrossRef]
• [48] Devi GL, Niranjan H. Effects of MHD and electro-magnetic fields in nanofluid over a stretching sheet. Solid State Technol 2020;63:23026–23041.