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Yıl 2020, Cilt: 3 Sayı: 2, 75 - 89, 31.12.2020

Öz

Kaynakça

  • [1] Haque, M. M., and Khan, A. A. Investigation on Structure and Properties of Brass Casting. Journal of Materials Science and Technology, 2008, 24(3): 299-301.
  • [2] Boyer, H. E. Heat Treating of Nonferrous Alloys. Metallography, Microstructure, and Analysis, 2013, 2(3): 190-195.
  • [3] Kaiser, S. and Kaiser, M. S. Wear Behavior of Commercial Pure Copper with Al and Zn under Dry, Wet and Corrosive Environment. Journal of Materials and Environmental Sciences, 2020, 11(4): 551-563.
  • [4] Fang, J. L. and Donnell, G. M. The colour of copper alloys. Historical Metallurgy, 2011, 45(1): 52-61.
  • [5] Modlinger, M., Kuijpers, M. H. G., Braekmans, D. and Berger, D. Quantitative comparisons of the color of CuAs, CuSn, CuNi, and CuSb alloys. Journal of Archaeological Science, 2017, 88: 14-23.
  • [6] Debut, V., Carvalho, M., Figueiredo, E., Antunes, J. and Silva, R. The sound of bronze: Virtual resurrection of a broken medieval bell. Journal of Cultural Heritage, 2016, 19: 544-554.
  • [7] Audy, J. and Audy, K. Analysis of Bell materials: Tin Bronzes. China Foundry, 2009, 58(1): 77-81.
  • [8] Jixin, H. O. U., Jianjun, S. U. N., Chengwei, Z., Xuelei, T. and Xichen, C. The structural change of Cu-Sn melt. Physics, Mechanics and Astronomy, 2007, 50: 414-420.
  • [9] Tyler, D. E. and Black, W. T. Introduction to Copper and Copper Alloys. In Handbook, Vol 2, Properties and Selection: Nonferrous Alloys and Special-Purpose Materials. ASM International, Metals Park, Ohio, USA. 1990.
  • [10] Bhargava, A. K. and Banerjee, M. K. Heat-treating Copper and Nickel Alloys. Comprehensive Materials Finishing, 2017, 2(14): 398-420.
  • [11] Murty, Y. V. Electrical and Electronic Connectors: Materials and Technology. In Encyclopedia of Materials: Science and Technology. Edited by K.H. Jürgen Buschow, et al. Elsevier. 2001, 2483- 2494.
  • [12] Aravind, M., Yu, P., Yau, M. Y. and Ng, D. H. L. Formation of Al2Cu and AlCu intermetallics in Al(Cu) alloy matrix composites by reaction sintering. Materials Science and Engineering: A, 2004, 380(1-2): 384-393.
  • [13] Nadolski, M. The evaluation of mechanical properties of high-tin bronzes. Archives of Foundry Engineering, 2017, 17(1): 127-30.
  • [14] Shankar, K. V. and Sellamuthu, R. Determination on the effect of tin content on microstructure, hardness, optimum aging temperature and aging time for spinodal bronze alloys cast in metal mold. International Journal of Metalcasting, 2017, 11(2): 189-94.
  • [15] Rzadkosz, S., Garbacz-Klempka, A., Kozana, J., Piękoś, M., Czekaj, E. and Perek-Nowak, M. Research of aluminium influence on tin bronzes. Archives of Foundry Engineering, 2015, 15: 93-98.
  • [16] Altuncu, E., Iric, S. and Ustel, F. Wear-resistant intermetallic arc spray coatings. Materials and technology, 2012, 46(2): 181-183.
  • [17] Kaiser, M. S. Ageing Behaviour of Minor Sc and Zr Doped Cast Cu-10Al Alloys. International Journal of Engineering and Information Systems, 2019, 3(11): 7-14.
  • [18] Tsivoulas, D. and Robson, J. D. Heterogeneous Zr solute segregation and Al3Zr dispersoid distributions in Al-Cu-Li alloys. Acta Materialia, 2015, 93: 73-86.
  • [19] Wang, S. C. and Starink, M. J. Precipitates and intermetallic phases in precipitation hardening Al–Cu–Mg–(Li) based alloys. International Materials Reviews, 2005, 50(4): 193-215.
  • [20] Kaiser, M. S. Solution Treatment Effect on Tensile, Impact and Fracture Behaviour of Trace Zr Added Al–12Si–1Mg–1Cu Piston Alloy. Journal of the Institution of Engineers (India): Series D, 2018, 99(1): 109-114.
  • [21] Johnston, R. J. Bell-ringing: the English Art of Change-ringing. Viking Pr, Great Britain. 1986, 40–41.
  • [22] George, E. The Craft of the Bell – Founder. Phillimore, Great Britain. 1988, 78–81.
  • [23] Audy, J. and Audy, K. Analysis of bell-making process from the middle ages to recent times. Practische Metallography, 2006, 43(6): 271-291. [24] Arts, J. Changes in Pitch of Bells. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 1950, 22(4): 511-12. [25] Lawson, B. and Lawson, W. Acoustical characteristics of annealed French horn bell flares. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 1985, 77(5): 1913-16.
  • [26] Duffy Jr, W. Acoustic quality factor of copper alloys from 50 mK to 300 K. Journal of applied physics, 1999, 86(5): 2483-9.
  • [27] Kortüm, G. Reflectance spectroscopy: principles, methods, applications. Springer Science and Business Media. 2012. [28] Shanks, K., Senthilarasu, S. and Mallick, T. K. Optics for concentrating photovoltaics: Trends, limits and opportunities for materials and design. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2016, 60: 394-407.
  • [29] Horton, D. J., Ha, H., Foster, L. L., Bindig, H.J. and Scully, J.R. Tarnishing and Cu ion release in selected copper-base alloys: implications towards antimicrobial functionality. Electrochimica Acta, 2015, 169: 351-366.
  • [30] Singh, A., Modi, M. H., Sinha, A. K., Dhawan, R. and Lodha, G. S. Study of structural and optical properties of zirconium carbide (ZrC) thin-films deposited by ion beam sputtering for soft x-ray optical applications. Surface and Coatings Technology, 2015, 272: 409-414.
  • [31] Okin, G. S. and Painter, T. H. Effect of grain size on remotely sensed spectral reflectance of sandy desert surfaces. Remote Sensing of Environment, 2004, 89(3): 272-80. [32] Buz, J. and Ehlmann, B. L. Effects of Grain Size on the Reflectance Spectroscopy of Olivine in the Vis-NIR and the Derivation of Olivine Composition Using Modified Gaussian Modeling. In 45th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference. Woodlands, Texas, USA. 2014.
  • [33] Samuel, A. M., Alkahtani, S. A., Doty, H. W. and Samuel, F. H. Role of Zr and Sc addition in controlling the microstructure and tensile properties of aluminum–copper based alloys. Materials and Design, 2015, 88: 1134-44.
  • [34] Scott, D. A. Metallography and Microstructure in Ancient and Historic Metals. Getty publications. 1992, 25-29.
  • [35] Stefanescu, D. M. and Ruxanda, R. Solidification Structure of Aluminum Alloys. In ASM Handbook : Metallography and Microstructures. Edited by George F. Vander Voort. ASM International, 2004, 107-115.
  • [36] Kaiser, S. and Kaiser, M. S. Influence of Aluminium and Zinc Additives on the Physical and Thermal Behaviour of Cast Copper. Journal of Sustainable Structures and Materials, 2020, 3(1): 1-9.
  • [37] Arias, D. and Abriata, J. P. Cu-Zr (copper-zirconium). Journal of Phase Equilibria, 1990, 11(5): 452-459.
  • [38] Kaiser, S. and Kaiser, M. S. Investigation of Mg and Zr Addition on the Mechanical Properties of Commercially Pure Al. International Journal of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, 2019, 13(9): 607-611.
  • [39] Dvorak, J., Král, P., Kvapilova, M., Svoboda, M. and Sklenicka, V. Microstructure Stability and Creep Behaviour of a Cu-0.2 wt.% Zr Alloy Processed by Equal-Channel Angular Pressing. Materials Science Forum, 2011, 667: 821-826.
  • [40] Deane, K. and Sanders, P. Effect of Zr Additions on Thermal Stability of Al-Cu Precipitates in As-Cast and Cold Worked Samples. Metals- Open Access Metallurgy Journal, 2018, 8(5): 331.
  • [41] Kaiser, M. S. Effect of Solution Treatment on the Age-Hardening Behavior of Al-12Si-1Mg-1Cu Piston Alloy with Trace-Zr Addition. Journal of Casting and Materials Engineering, 2018, 2(2): 30-37.
  • [42] Lee, Y. C., Dahle, A. K. and StJohn, D. H. The role of solute in grain refinement of magnesium. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A, 2000, 31(11): 2895-2906.

INFLUENCE OF TERNARY ALUMINIUM AND QUATERNARY ZIRCONIUM ON THE PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF BELL METAL

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 3 Sayı: 2, 75 - 89, 31.12.2020

Öz

The change in physical properties of bell metal due to ternary addition of Al and quaternary addition of Zr has been reported. Cast samples are aged both isochronally and isothermally. Investigation on the age hardening property reveals that due to the formation of intermetallic precipitates, significant hardening takes place in case of Al added alloys and Zr addition enhances the thermal stability of the alloy. The comparative acoustic response study discloses that heat-treatment improves the sound quality of all three bell metal alloys. The base alloy shows highest decibel values for differently aged temperatures. The ternary Al added alloy and quaternary Zr added alloy show continuous increase in decibel values with increasing ageing temperature. However, the acoustic response curve of the alloys almost followed the similar pattern of hardness curve with the ageing temperature. Spectral reflectance study reveals that the ternary Al added alloy shows better percent reflectance with the increase of wavelength of incident light. The quaternary Zr added alloy is also seen to retain its superior optical properties for all ageing conditions. It is found from microstructural analysis that ternary Al addition creates a new microstructure with relatively large dendritic arms and the quaternary addition of Zr refines the grain structure. The base alloy attained almost full recrystallization state after ageing at 300°C for 60 minutes while the ternary Al added alloy was also recrystallized at elevated temperature of 500°C but the quaternary Zr added alloy did not attain recrystallization and maintained its grain structure due to thermal stability.

Kaynakça

  • [1] Haque, M. M., and Khan, A. A. Investigation on Structure and Properties of Brass Casting. Journal of Materials Science and Technology, 2008, 24(3): 299-301.
  • [2] Boyer, H. E. Heat Treating of Nonferrous Alloys. Metallography, Microstructure, and Analysis, 2013, 2(3): 190-195.
  • [3] Kaiser, S. and Kaiser, M. S. Wear Behavior of Commercial Pure Copper with Al and Zn under Dry, Wet and Corrosive Environment. Journal of Materials and Environmental Sciences, 2020, 11(4): 551-563.
  • [4] Fang, J. L. and Donnell, G. M. The colour of copper alloys. Historical Metallurgy, 2011, 45(1): 52-61.
  • [5] Modlinger, M., Kuijpers, M. H. G., Braekmans, D. and Berger, D. Quantitative comparisons of the color of CuAs, CuSn, CuNi, and CuSb alloys. Journal of Archaeological Science, 2017, 88: 14-23.
  • [6] Debut, V., Carvalho, M., Figueiredo, E., Antunes, J. and Silva, R. The sound of bronze: Virtual resurrection of a broken medieval bell. Journal of Cultural Heritage, 2016, 19: 544-554.
  • [7] Audy, J. and Audy, K. Analysis of Bell materials: Tin Bronzes. China Foundry, 2009, 58(1): 77-81.
  • [8] Jixin, H. O. U., Jianjun, S. U. N., Chengwei, Z., Xuelei, T. and Xichen, C. The structural change of Cu-Sn melt. Physics, Mechanics and Astronomy, 2007, 50: 414-420.
  • [9] Tyler, D. E. and Black, W. T. Introduction to Copper and Copper Alloys. In Handbook, Vol 2, Properties and Selection: Nonferrous Alloys and Special-Purpose Materials. ASM International, Metals Park, Ohio, USA. 1990.
  • [10] Bhargava, A. K. and Banerjee, M. K. Heat-treating Copper and Nickel Alloys. Comprehensive Materials Finishing, 2017, 2(14): 398-420.
  • [11] Murty, Y. V. Electrical and Electronic Connectors: Materials and Technology. In Encyclopedia of Materials: Science and Technology. Edited by K.H. Jürgen Buschow, et al. Elsevier. 2001, 2483- 2494.
  • [12] Aravind, M., Yu, P., Yau, M. Y. and Ng, D. H. L. Formation of Al2Cu and AlCu intermetallics in Al(Cu) alloy matrix composites by reaction sintering. Materials Science and Engineering: A, 2004, 380(1-2): 384-393.
  • [13] Nadolski, M. The evaluation of mechanical properties of high-tin bronzes. Archives of Foundry Engineering, 2017, 17(1): 127-30.
  • [14] Shankar, K. V. and Sellamuthu, R. Determination on the effect of tin content on microstructure, hardness, optimum aging temperature and aging time for spinodal bronze alloys cast in metal mold. International Journal of Metalcasting, 2017, 11(2): 189-94.
  • [15] Rzadkosz, S., Garbacz-Klempka, A., Kozana, J., Piękoś, M., Czekaj, E. and Perek-Nowak, M. Research of aluminium influence on tin bronzes. Archives of Foundry Engineering, 2015, 15: 93-98.
  • [16] Altuncu, E., Iric, S. and Ustel, F. Wear-resistant intermetallic arc spray coatings. Materials and technology, 2012, 46(2): 181-183.
  • [17] Kaiser, M. S. Ageing Behaviour of Minor Sc and Zr Doped Cast Cu-10Al Alloys. International Journal of Engineering and Information Systems, 2019, 3(11): 7-14.
  • [18] Tsivoulas, D. and Robson, J. D. Heterogeneous Zr solute segregation and Al3Zr dispersoid distributions in Al-Cu-Li alloys. Acta Materialia, 2015, 93: 73-86.
  • [19] Wang, S. C. and Starink, M. J. Precipitates and intermetallic phases in precipitation hardening Al–Cu–Mg–(Li) based alloys. International Materials Reviews, 2005, 50(4): 193-215.
  • [20] Kaiser, M. S. Solution Treatment Effect on Tensile, Impact and Fracture Behaviour of Trace Zr Added Al–12Si–1Mg–1Cu Piston Alloy. Journal of the Institution of Engineers (India): Series D, 2018, 99(1): 109-114.
  • [21] Johnston, R. J. Bell-ringing: the English Art of Change-ringing. Viking Pr, Great Britain. 1986, 40–41.
  • [22] George, E. The Craft of the Bell – Founder. Phillimore, Great Britain. 1988, 78–81.
  • [23] Audy, J. and Audy, K. Analysis of bell-making process from the middle ages to recent times. Practische Metallography, 2006, 43(6): 271-291. [24] Arts, J. Changes in Pitch of Bells. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 1950, 22(4): 511-12. [25] Lawson, B. and Lawson, W. Acoustical characteristics of annealed French horn bell flares. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 1985, 77(5): 1913-16.
  • [26] Duffy Jr, W. Acoustic quality factor of copper alloys from 50 mK to 300 K. Journal of applied physics, 1999, 86(5): 2483-9.
  • [27] Kortüm, G. Reflectance spectroscopy: principles, methods, applications. Springer Science and Business Media. 2012. [28] Shanks, K., Senthilarasu, S. and Mallick, T. K. Optics for concentrating photovoltaics: Trends, limits and opportunities for materials and design. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2016, 60: 394-407.
  • [29] Horton, D. J., Ha, H., Foster, L. L., Bindig, H.J. and Scully, J.R. Tarnishing and Cu ion release in selected copper-base alloys: implications towards antimicrobial functionality. Electrochimica Acta, 2015, 169: 351-366.
  • [30] Singh, A., Modi, M. H., Sinha, A. K., Dhawan, R. and Lodha, G. S. Study of structural and optical properties of zirconium carbide (ZrC) thin-films deposited by ion beam sputtering for soft x-ray optical applications. Surface and Coatings Technology, 2015, 272: 409-414.
  • [31] Okin, G. S. and Painter, T. H. Effect of grain size on remotely sensed spectral reflectance of sandy desert surfaces. Remote Sensing of Environment, 2004, 89(3): 272-80. [32] Buz, J. and Ehlmann, B. L. Effects of Grain Size on the Reflectance Spectroscopy of Olivine in the Vis-NIR and the Derivation of Olivine Composition Using Modified Gaussian Modeling. In 45th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference. Woodlands, Texas, USA. 2014.
  • [33] Samuel, A. M., Alkahtani, S. A., Doty, H. W. and Samuel, F. H. Role of Zr and Sc addition in controlling the microstructure and tensile properties of aluminum–copper based alloys. Materials and Design, 2015, 88: 1134-44.
  • [34] Scott, D. A. Metallography and Microstructure in Ancient and Historic Metals. Getty publications. 1992, 25-29.
  • [35] Stefanescu, D. M. and Ruxanda, R. Solidification Structure of Aluminum Alloys. In ASM Handbook : Metallography and Microstructures. Edited by George F. Vander Voort. ASM International, 2004, 107-115.
  • [36] Kaiser, S. and Kaiser, M. S. Influence of Aluminium and Zinc Additives on the Physical and Thermal Behaviour of Cast Copper. Journal of Sustainable Structures and Materials, 2020, 3(1): 1-9.
  • [37] Arias, D. and Abriata, J. P. Cu-Zr (copper-zirconium). Journal of Phase Equilibria, 1990, 11(5): 452-459.
  • [38] Kaiser, S. and Kaiser, M. S. Investigation of Mg and Zr Addition on the Mechanical Properties of Commercially Pure Al. International Journal of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, 2019, 13(9): 607-611.
  • [39] Dvorak, J., Král, P., Kvapilova, M., Svoboda, M. and Sklenicka, V. Microstructure Stability and Creep Behaviour of a Cu-0.2 wt.% Zr Alloy Processed by Equal-Channel Angular Pressing. Materials Science Forum, 2011, 667: 821-826.
  • [40] Deane, K. and Sanders, P. Effect of Zr Additions on Thermal Stability of Al-Cu Precipitates in As-Cast and Cold Worked Samples. Metals- Open Access Metallurgy Journal, 2018, 8(5): 331.
  • [41] Kaiser, M. S. Effect of Solution Treatment on the Age-Hardening Behavior of Al-12Si-1Mg-1Cu Piston Alloy with Trace-Zr Addition. Journal of Casting and Materials Engineering, 2018, 2(2): 30-37.
  • [42] Lee, Y. C., Dahle, A. K. and StJohn, D. H. The role of solute in grain refinement of magnesium. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A, 2000, 31(11): 2895-2906.
Toplam 38 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Malzeme Mühendisliği (Diğer)
Bölüm Articles
Yazarlar

Maglub Al Nur Bu kişi benim

Sakıb Al Razı Khan Bu kişi benim

Mohammad Ashfaq Hossaın Bu kişi benim

Mohammad Kaiser

Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Aralık 2020
Kabul Tarihi 23 Ekim 2020
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2020 Cilt: 3 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Al Nur, M., Khan, S. A. R., Hossaın, M. A., Kaiser, M. (2020). INFLUENCE OF TERNARY ALUMINIUM AND QUATERNARY ZIRCONIUM ON THE PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF BELL METAL. The International Journal of Materials and Engineering Technology, 3(2), 75-89.
AMA Al Nur M, Khan SAR, Hossaın MA, Kaiser M. INFLUENCE OF TERNARY ALUMINIUM AND QUATERNARY ZIRCONIUM ON THE PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF BELL METAL. TIJMET. Aralık 2020;3(2):75-89.
Chicago Al Nur, Maglub, Sakıb Al Razı Khan, Mohammad Ashfaq Hossaın, ve Mohammad Kaiser. “INFLUENCE OF TERNARY ALUMINIUM AND QUATERNARY ZIRCONIUM ON THE PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF BELL METAL”. The International Journal of Materials and Engineering Technology 3, sy. 2 (Aralık 2020): 75-89.
EndNote Al Nur M, Khan SAR, Hossaın MA, Kaiser M (01 Aralık 2020) INFLUENCE OF TERNARY ALUMINIUM AND QUATERNARY ZIRCONIUM ON THE PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF BELL METAL. The International Journal of Materials and Engineering Technology 3 2 75–89.
IEEE M. Al Nur, S. A. R. Khan, M. A. Hossaın, ve M. Kaiser, “INFLUENCE OF TERNARY ALUMINIUM AND QUATERNARY ZIRCONIUM ON THE PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF BELL METAL”, TIJMET, c. 3, sy. 2, ss. 75–89, 2020.
ISNAD Al Nur, Maglub vd. “INFLUENCE OF TERNARY ALUMINIUM AND QUATERNARY ZIRCONIUM ON THE PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF BELL METAL”. The International Journal of Materials and Engineering Technology 3/2 (Aralık 2020), 75-89.
JAMA Al Nur M, Khan SAR, Hossaın MA, Kaiser M. INFLUENCE OF TERNARY ALUMINIUM AND QUATERNARY ZIRCONIUM ON THE PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF BELL METAL. TIJMET. 2020;3:75–89.
MLA Al Nur, Maglub vd. “INFLUENCE OF TERNARY ALUMINIUM AND QUATERNARY ZIRCONIUM ON THE PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF BELL METAL”. The International Journal of Materials and Engineering Technology, c. 3, sy. 2, 2020, ss. 75-89.
Vancouver Al Nur M, Khan SAR, Hossaın MA, Kaiser M. INFLUENCE OF TERNARY ALUMINIUM AND QUATERNARY ZIRCONIUM ON THE PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF BELL METAL. TIJMET. 2020;3(2):75-89.