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EFFECT OF DEEP CRYOGENIC TREATMENT ON MICROSTRUCTURAL AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF HIGH-PERFORMANCE CPOH AND WP7V TOOL STEELS

Year 2024, Volume: 7 Issue: 2, 77 - 84, 31.12.2024
https://doi.org/10.70858/tijmet.1499365

Abstract

In recent years, deep cryogenic treatment (DCT) has been applied to steel materials as an additional heat treatment to improve various material properties that include wear resistance, impact resistance and hardness. In this study, the mechanical properties of CPOH cold work tool steel with high wear and impact resistance and Dörrenberg Edelstahl patented WP7V cold work tool steel used in applications requiring high hardness were improved by deep cryogenic heat treatment. The material subjected to deep cryogenic heat treatment was subjected to deep cryogenic heat treatment and tempering after a conventional austenitizing and quenching process. The microstructure, hardness, wear and impact properties of the cryogenic heat treated materials were investigated in comparison with those obtained after conventional heat treatment. It was found that deep cryogenic heat treatment of tool steels in addition to conventional heat treatment can improve performance and provide high performance tool steels required by the industry.

Project Number

Arge Proje İP37

References

  • Koçak H., Takım Çelikleri, 10. Baskı, Bolokur Teknik Yayıncılık A.Ş., 2019
  • Podgornik, B., et al., Deep cryogenic treatment of tool steels, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 2016, 229, 398-406
  • Jovičević-Klug, P., & Podgornik, B., Review on the effect of deep cryogenic treatment of metallic materials in automotive applications, Metals, 2020, 10(4):434
  • Jovicevic-Klug, P., Mechanisms and Effect of Deep Cryogenic Treatment on Steel Properties, Institute of Metals and Technology: Ljubljana, Slovenia, 2022
  • Hong, S. Y., & Broomer, M., Economical and ecological cryogenic machining of AISI 304 austenitic stainless steel, Clean Products and Processes, 2000, 2(3):157-166
  • Molinari, A., et al., Effect of deep cryogenic treatment on the mechanical properties of tool steels, Journal of materials processing technology, 2001, 118(1-3): 350-355
  • Sonar, T., Sachin L., and Chandrashekhar G., Cryogenic treatment of metal–a review, Materials Today: Proceedings, 2018, 5(11):25219-25228
  • Pérez, M., and Francisco J. B., The effect of deep cryogenic treatments on the mechanical properties of an AISI H13 steel, Materials Science and Engineering: A, 2015, 624, 32-40
  • Gill, S.S., et al., Metallurgical principles of cryogenically treated tool steels—a review on the current state of science, The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 2011, 54, 59-82
  • Dumasia, C. A., et al., A review on the effect of cryogenic treatment on metals, International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology, 2017, 4(7): 2402-2406
  • Jovičević-Klug, P., Tóth, L., & Podgornik, B., Comparison of K340 Steel Microstructure and Mechanical Properties Using Shallow and Deep Cryogenic Treatment, Coatings, 2022, 12, 1296
  • Pérez, M., and Francisco J. B., The effect of deep cryogenic treatments on the mechanical properties of an AISI H13 steel, Materials Science and Engineering: A, 2015, 624, 32-40
  • Das, D., et al., Effect of deep cryogenic treatment on the carbide precipitation and tribological behavior of D2 steel, Materials and Manufacturing Processes, 2007, 22(4), 474-480
  • Mochtar, et al., Effect of tempering temperature and subzero treatment on microstructures, retained austenite, and hardness of AISI D2 tool steel, Materials Research Express, 2023, 10(5): 056511
  • Jain, A.S., et al., Refinement of primary carbides in hypereutectic high-chromium cast irons: a review, Journal of Materials Science, 2021, 56, 999-1038
  • Podder, A.S., Lonardelli, I., Molinari, A., & Bhadeshia, H.K.D.H., Thermal stability of retained austenite in bainitic steel: an in situ study, Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, 2011, 467(2135), 3141-3156
  • Demir E., Toktaş I., Effects of cryogenic treatment on residual stresses of AISI D2 tool steel Metallic Materials, 2018, 56, 153–61
  • Essam, M.A., et al., Effect of Deep Cryogenic Treatment on Wear Behavior of Cold Work Tool Steel, Metals, 2023, 13(2):382
  • García, C., et al., Effect of vanadium carbide on dry sliding wear behavior of powder metallurgy AISI M2 high speed steel processed by concentrated solar energy, Materials Characterization, 2016, 121, 175-186
  • Amini, K., et al., Effect of deep cryogenic treatment on the formation of nano-sized carbides and the wear behavior of D2 tool steel, International Journal of Minerals, Metallurgy, and Materials, 2012, 19, 795-799
  • Akhbarizadeh, A., Effects of cryogenic treatment on wear behavior of D6 tool steel, Materials & Design, 2009, 30(8): 3259-3264
  • Salunkhe, S., et al., Effect of single and double austenitization treatments on the microstructure and hardness of AISI D2 tool steel, Materials Today: Proceedings, 2015, 2(4-5):1901-1906
  • Soy, U., 1000 Soruda Malzeme Bilimi, Değişim Yayınları, 2017
  • Pellizzari, M., Caliskanoglu, D., Fernández, A., Barbero, J. I., Pena, B., Uemit, T., & Alava, L.A., Influence of different deep cryogenic treatment routes on the properties of high speed steel, HTM Journal of Heat Treatment and Materials, 2012, 67(2), 111-117
  • Jubica, J., Characterization of Secondary Carbides in Low-Alloyed Martensitic Model Alloy Tool Steels, 2020
  • Yazıcı, M., et al., 316l İmplant Malzemesinin Aşınma ve Manyetik Özellikleri Üzerine Plazma Nitrürleme Sıcaklığının Etkisi, Mühendislik Bilimleri ve Tasarım Dergisi, 2014, 2(3):319-326
  • Korade, D., Ramana, K.V., Jagtap, K., Influence of cryogenic treatment on the tribological behaviour of AISI H21 tool steel, Materials Research, 2018, 22, e20170745
  • Xu, G., et al., Microstructural variations and mechanical properties of deep cryogenic treated AISI M35 high-speed steel tempered at various temperatures, Journal of Materials Research and Technology, 2022, 17, 3371-3383
  • Gerson, A., Microstructure of Cryogenically Treated High Performance Tool Steels, Materials Australia, Australia, 2007
  • Das, D., Dutta, A.K., and Ray, K.K., Correlation of microstructure with wear behaviour of deep cryogenically treated AISI D2 steel, Wear, 2009, 267(9-10):1371-1380
Year 2024, Volume: 7 Issue: 2, 77 - 84, 31.12.2024
https://doi.org/10.70858/tijmet.1499365

Abstract

Project Number

Arge Proje İP37

References

  • Koçak H., Takım Çelikleri, 10. Baskı, Bolokur Teknik Yayıncılık A.Ş., 2019
  • Podgornik, B., et al., Deep cryogenic treatment of tool steels, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 2016, 229, 398-406
  • Jovičević-Klug, P., & Podgornik, B., Review on the effect of deep cryogenic treatment of metallic materials in automotive applications, Metals, 2020, 10(4):434
  • Jovicevic-Klug, P., Mechanisms and Effect of Deep Cryogenic Treatment on Steel Properties, Institute of Metals and Technology: Ljubljana, Slovenia, 2022
  • Hong, S. Y., & Broomer, M., Economical and ecological cryogenic machining of AISI 304 austenitic stainless steel, Clean Products and Processes, 2000, 2(3):157-166
  • Molinari, A., et al., Effect of deep cryogenic treatment on the mechanical properties of tool steels, Journal of materials processing technology, 2001, 118(1-3): 350-355
  • Sonar, T., Sachin L., and Chandrashekhar G., Cryogenic treatment of metal–a review, Materials Today: Proceedings, 2018, 5(11):25219-25228
  • Pérez, M., and Francisco J. B., The effect of deep cryogenic treatments on the mechanical properties of an AISI H13 steel, Materials Science and Engineering: A, 2015, 624, 32-40
  • Gill, S.S., et al., Metallurgical principles of cryogenically treated tool steels—a review on the current state of science, The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 2011, 54, 59-82
  • Dumasia, C. A., et al., A review on the effect of cryogenic treatment on metals, International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology, 2017, 4(7): 2402-2406
  • Jovičević-Klug, P., Tóth, L., & Podgornik, B., Comparison of K340 Steel Microstructure and Mechanical Properties Using Shallow and Deep Cryogenic Treatment, Coatings, 2022, 12, 1296
  • Pérez, M., and Francisco J. B., The effect of deep cryogenic treatments on the mechanical properties of an AISI H13 steel, Materials Science and Engineering: A, 2015, 624, 32-40
  • Das, D., et al., Effect of deep cryogenic treatment on the carbide precipitation and tribological behavior of D2 steel, Materials and Manufacturing Processes, 2007, 22(4), 474-480
  • Mochtar, et al., Effect of tempering temperature and subzero treatment on microstructures, retained austenite, and hardness of AISI D2 tool steel, Materials Research Express, 2023, 10(5): 056511
  • Jain, A.S., et al., Refinement of primary carbides in hypereutectic high-chromium cast irons: a review, Journal of Materials Science, 2021, 56, 999-1038
  • Podder, A.S., Lonardelli, I., Molinari, A., & Bhadeshia, H.K.D.H., Thermal stability of retained austenite in bainitic steel: an in situ study, Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, 2011, 467(2135), 3141-3156
  • Demir E., Toktaş I., Effects of cryogenic treatment on residual stresses of AISI D2 tool steel Metallic Materials, 2018, 56, 153–61
  • Essam, M.A., et al., Effect of Deep Cryogenic Treatment on Wear Behavior of Cold Work Tool Steel, Metals, 2023, 13(2):382
  • García, C., et al., Effect of vanadium carbide on dry sliding wear behavior of powder metallurgy AISI M2 high speed steel processed by concentrated solar energy, Materials Characterization, 2016, 121, 175-186
  • Amini, K., et al., Effect of deep cryogenic treatment on the formation of nano-sized carbides and the wear behavior of D2 tool steel, International Journal of Minerals, Metallurgy, and Materials, 2012, 19, 795-799
  • Akhbarizadeh, A., Effects of cryogenic treatment on wear behavior of D6 tool steel, Materials & Design, 2009, 30(8): 3259-3264
  • Salunkhe, S., et al., Effect of single and double austenitization treatments on the microstructure and hardness of AISI D2 tool steel, Materials Today: Proceedings, 2015, 2(4-5):1901-1906
  • Soy, U., 1000 Soruda Malzeme Bilimi, Değişim Yayınları, 2017
  • Pellizzari, M., Caliskanoglu, D., Fernández, A., Barbero, J. I., Pena, B., Uemit, T., & Alava, L.A., Influence of different deep cryogenic treatment routes on the properties of high speed steel, HTM Journal of Heat Treatment and Materials, 2012, 67(2), 111-117
  • Jubica, J., Characterization of Secondary Carbides in Low-Alloyed Martensitic Model Alloy Tool Steels, 2020
  • Yazıcı, M., et al., 316l İmplant Malzemesinin Aşınma ve Manyetik Özellikleri Üzerine Plazma Nitrürleme Sıcaklığının Etkisi, Mühendislik Bilimleri ve Tasarım Dergisi, 2014, 2(3):319-326
  • Korade, D., Ramana, K.V., Jagtap, K., Influence of cryogenic treatment on the tribological behaviour of AISI H21 tool steel, Materials Research, 2018, 22, e20170745
  • Xu, G., et al., Microstructural variations and mechanical properties of deep cryogenic treated AISI M35 high-speed steel tempered at various temperatures, Journal of Materials Research and Technology, 2022, 17, 3371-3383
  • Gerson, A., Microstructure of Cryogenically Treated High Performance Tool Steels, Materials Australia, Australia, 2007
  • Das, D., Dutta, A.K., and Ray, K.K., Correlation of microstructure with wear behaviour of deep cryogenically treated AISI D2 steel, Wear, 2009, 267(9-10):1371-1380
There are 30 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Material Characterization, Materials Engineering (Other)
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Volkan Karakurt 0000-0001-8559-3949

Feyzanur Öztürk 0009-0008-1064-0905

Talip Çıtrak 0000-0002-5964-5423

Gamze Nur Gözüak 0009-0004-5507-5322

Orçun Zığındere 0000-0003-2518-4400

Project Number Arge Proje İP37
Early Pub Date December 30, 2024
Publication Date December 31, 2024
Submission Date June 11, 2024
Acceptance Date December 26, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 7 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Karakurt, V., Öztürk, F., Çıtrak, T., Gözüak, G. N., et al. (2024). EFFECT OF DEEP CRYOGENIC TREATMENT ON MICROSTRUCTURAL AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF HIGH-PERFORMANCE CPOH AND WP7V TOOL STEELS. The International Journal of Materials and Engineering Technology, 7(2), 77-84. https://doi.org/10.70858/tijmet.1499365