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<article  article-type="editorial"        dtd-version="1.4">
            <front>

                <journal-meta>
                                                                <journal-id>türkiye jeol. bült.</journal-id>
            <journal-title-group>
                                                                                    <journal-title>Türkiye Jeoloji Bülteni</journal-title>
            </journal-title-group>
                            <issn pub-type="ppub">1016-9164</issn>
                                        <issn pub-type="epub">2564-6745</issn>
                                                                                            <publisher>
                    <publisher-name>TMMOB Jeoloji Mühendisleri Odası</publisher-name>
                </publisher>
                    </journal-meta>
                <article-meta>
                                        <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.25288/tjb.1888630</article-id>
                                                                <article-categories>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="en">
                                                            <subject>General Geology</subject>
                                                            <subject>Geological Sciences and Engineering (Other)</subject>
                                                            <subject>Geology (Other)</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="tr">
                                                            <subject>Genel Jeoloji</subject>
                                                            <subject>Yer Bilimleri ve Jeoloji Mühendisliği (Diğer)</subject>
                                                            <subject>Jeoloji (Diğer)</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                    </article-categories>
                                                                                                                                                        <title-group>
                                                                                                                        <trans-title-group xml:lang="en">
                                    <trans-title>When Accuracy Misleads Geological Interpretation: A Data-Driven Illusion</trans-title>
                                </trans-title-group>
                                                                                                                                                                                                <article-title>Yapay Zeka Destekli Araştırmalarda, Tahminin Yorumlamayı Gölgede Bıraktığı Durumlar: Jeolojide Veri Odaklı Yanılsama / When Accuracy Misleads Geological Interpretation: A Data-Driven Illusion</article-title>
                                                                                                    </title-group>
            
                                                    <contrib-group content-type="authors">
                                                                        <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                    <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">
                                        https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3283-8070</contrib-id>
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Mülayim</surname>
                                    <given-names>Oğuz</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>Türkiye Petrolleri Anonim Ortaklığı</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                                                </contrib-group>
                        
                                                                <issue>Advanced Online Publication</issue>
                                                
                        <history>
                                    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="20260216">
                        <day>02</day>
                        <month>16</month>
                        <year>2026</year>
                    </date>
                                                    <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="20260331">
                        <day>03</day>
                        <month>31</month>
                        <year>2026</year>
                    </date>
                            </history>
                                        <permissions>
                    <copyright-statement>Copyright © 1947, Türkiye Jeoloji Bülteni</copyright-statement>
                    <copyright-year>1947</copyright-year>
                    <copyright-holder>Türkiye Jeoloji Bülteni</copyright-holder>
                </permissions>
            
                                                                                                <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
                            <p>: In recent years, artificial intelligence (AI) models have become routine in geoscience applications ranging from earthquake early warning systems to landslide susceptibility mapping, subsurface resource modeling, and stratigraphic classification. Outperforming traditional methods for predictive accuracy, these models increasingly mediate between observation and inference. However, this technical success raises a critical question: does high predictive accuracy reflect true geological understanding? This paper draws attention to the risk that the growing predictive capacity of data-driven models may overshadow the interpretive nature of geoscience and the elucidation of actual geological conditions. In domains where observations are sparse, uncertainty is structural, and ground truth is limited—such as subsurface interpretation and hazard assessment—models can achieve seemingly high classification accuracy by relying on mechanistically irrelevant proxies. This undermines model transferability and geological consistency under changing environmental or tectonic conditions. Without rejecting predictive modeling, this perspective aims to propose a conceptual and semi-formalized “assistant” framework— not introducing a new algorithm but rather a guiding structure—that integrates geological constraints, interpretable modeling, and post-hoc geological validation to ensure that predictive performance does not override geological reasoning.</p></trans-abstract>
                                                                                                                                    <abstract><p>Son yıllarda yapay zeka (YZ) modelleri; deprem erken uyarı sistemlerinden heyelan duyarlılık haritalarına, yeraltı kaynaklarının modellenmesinden stratigrafik sınıflandırmaya kadar yer bilimlerinin hemen her alanında rutin olarak kullanılmaktadır. Geleneksel yöntemleri tahmin doğruluğu açısından geride bırakan bu modeller, gözlem ile çıkarım arasında giderek daha fazla arabuluculuk rolü üstlenmektedir. Ancak bu teknik başarı, kritik bir soruyu gündeme getirmektedir: Yüksek tahmin doğruluğu, gerçek jeolojik anlayışı yansıtmakta mıdır? Bu yazı, veri odaklı modellerin artan tahmin kapasitesinin, yerbilimlerinin yorumlayıcı doğasını ve gerçek jeolojik koşulların ortaya konulmasını gölgeleme riskine dikkat çekmektedir. Gözlemlerin seyrek, belirsizliğin yapısal nitelikte ve doğruluğu kanıtlanmış bilginin sınırlı olduğu alanlarda —örneğin yeraltı yorumlaması ve afet değerlendirmesi— modeller, fiziksel süreç temelli olarak ilgisiz proksiler (vekil değişkenler) aracılığıyla görünürde yüksek sınıflandırma doğruluğuna ulaşabilmektedir. Bu durum, değişen çevresel veya tektonik koşullar altında modellerin taşınabilirliğini ve jeolojik tutarlılığını zayıflatmaktadır. Tahmine dayalı modellemeyi reddetmeksizin, bu perspektif çalışma, yeni bir algoritma önermekten ziyade yol gösterici bir yapı niteliğindeki kavramsal ve yarı-biçimsel bir “asistan” çerçevesi sunmayı amaçlamaktadır. Bu çerçeve, jeolojik kısıtlamaları, yorumlanabilir modellemeyi ve model sonrası jeolojik doğrulamayı bütünleştirerek tahmin performansının jeolojik akıl yürütmenin önüne geçmesini engellemeyi hedeflemektedir.</p></abstract>
                                                            
            
                                                                                        <kwd-group>
                                                    <kwd>Açıklanabilir yapay zeka</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  fizik bilgili makine öğrenmesi</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  jeolojik yorum</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  tahmin modelleri</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  yapay zeka</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                            
                                                <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
                                                    <kwd>Artificial intelligence</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  explainable AI</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  geological interpretation</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  physics-informed machine learning</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  predictive models</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                                                                                                                                        </article-meta>
    </front>
    <back>
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