Physical, Chemical and Mineralogical Properties of Gallstones obtained from Antalya Province of Turkey

Öz

Gallbladder stone disease is the most common disease with a high prevalence in many societies in the word. In the literature, the primary risk factors discussed for this disease have been evaluated as gaining and losing weight rapidly, obesity, age, gender, genetic factors, having given birth too many children, life style and medications. The aim of this investigation is to find out the chemical and physical properties of gallstones in patients living in the province of Antalya, Turkey. For this purpose, the chemical and mineralogical properties of 1243 gallstone samples from 69 patients were analyzed using X-ray diffractometer (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) applications. In accordance with the outcome of SEM and FTIR analysis, cholesterol, calcium carbonate, calcium bilirubinate, calcium phosphate, carbonate apatite, and protein contents were observed. Cholesterol was detected in 95% of 69 patients; with 44 samples obtained from female patients. X-Ray Diffractometer (XRD) analysis showed newberyite, struvite, and aragonite minerals were found in the composition of gallstones. Newberyite was present in 59% of the samples. The physical, chemical and mineralogical characteristics of these gallstones are very important for the understanding of gallstone formation. The results of the study are consistent with the 5F Rule (Female, Forty, Fatty, Fair, Fertile). The relationship between bilirubinate and the presence of bacteria was determined. The presence of barium acetate and aluminum silicate in gallstones revealed the relationship with environmental pollutants.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• gallstone properties
• newberyite
• struvite
• aragonite
• medical geology

Türkiye'nin Antalya İlinde Safra Kesesi Taşlarının Fiziksel, Kimyasal ve Mineralojik Özelliklerinin Analizi

Öz

Safra taşı hastalığı, dünya çapında birçok toplumda yüksek prevalansa sahip en yaygın hastalıktır. Literatürde bu hastalık için tartışılan başlıca risk faktörleri hızlı kilo alımı, obezite, yaş, cinsiyet, genetik faktörler, çok çocuk doğurma, yaşam tarzı ve ilaçlardır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Antalya'da yaşayan hastalarda safra kesesi taşlarının kimyasal ve fiziksel özelliklerini belirlemektir. Bu amaçla, 69 hastadan alınan 1243 safra taşı örneğinin kimyasal ve mineralojik özellikleri X-ışını difraktometresi (XRD), taramalı elektron mikroskobu (SEM) ve Fourier Dönüşümlü Kızılötesi Spektroskopisi (FTIR) uygulamaları kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. SEM ve FTIR analiz sonuçlarına göre kolesterol, kalsiyum karbonat, kalsiyum bilirubinat, kalsiyum fosfat, karbonat apatit ve protein içerikleri gözlenmiştir. Kolesterol 69 hastanın %95'inde tespit edilmiştir; 44 örnek kadın hastalardan elde edilmiştir. X-Işını Difraktometre (XRD) analizi safra taşlarının bileşiminin nevberyit, struvit ve aragonit minerallerini içerdiğini göstermiştir. Nevberyit örneklerin %59'unda mevcuttur. Bu safra taşlarının fiziksel, kimyasal ve mineralojik özellikleri safra taşı oluşumunu anlamak için çok önemlidir. Çalışmanın sonuçları 5F Kuralı (Female, Forty, Fatty, Fair, Fertile) ile uyumludur. Bilirubinat ile bakteri varlığı arasındaki ilişki belirlenmiştir. Safra taşlarında baryum asetat ve alüminyum silikat varlığı çevresel kirleticilerle bir ilişki olduğunu ortaya koymuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Aragonit
• nevberit
• safta taşı özellikleri
• struvit
• tıbbi jeoloji

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