ESTABLISHMENT OF PHENOTYPIC VARIABILITY AND CORRELATIONS OF SEED YIELD AND YIELD RELATED TRAITS IN ALFALFA (Medicago sativa L.) CLONAL PROGENIES

Year 2024, , 64 - 72, 21.06.2024

Diana Marinova , Svetlana Stoyanova

https://doi.org/10.17557/tjfc.1407954

Abstract

The aim of present study was to evaluate phenotypic variability of seed yield and yield-related traits and to establish the relationships among them at eleven alfalfa clonal progenies. The study was conducted in experimental field at Institute of Agriculture and Seed Science Obraztsov chiflik - Ruse under conditions of open pollination (polycross), from 2014 to 2016. The traits plant seed yield, plant height, generative stem number, inflorescence number, pod number, seed number and 1000-seed weight were evaluated. The factors year, genotype and year x genotype interaction had a significant influence on all morphological and generative traits. There was wide range of variability for all analized traits between progenies and over study period. PM30 progeny showed superior scores regarding all traits studied and four progenies distinguished with high phenotypic expression of seed yield, pod number, seed number and 1000-seed weight. These progenies are valuable germplasm source to be used in further breeding to develop a new synthetic alfalfa variety with stable seed yield. It was found seed yield strongly and positively correlated with plant height, seed number per pod and pod number per inflorescence, wtich suggest that selection for improving alfalfa seed yield may be performed directly through selection on these three traits.

Keywords

Alfalfa, clonal progenies, seed yield, variability, correlations

References

• Abasov, M.Sh., Sh.M. Abasov, H.A. Husainov, I.Y. Shishkhaev and R.K. Bekbulatov. 2019. Effect of seeding methods on productivity of alfalfa crops. KnE Life Sciences 4(14): 842- 850.
• Abbasi, M.R., F. Javadi, F. Ghanavati, F. Hemmati, A. Moghadam and H.G. Seraj. 2003. Identification, regeneration and evaluation of agro-morphological characters of alfalfa accessions in National Plant Gene Bank. Genetica 38: 251–258.
• Abd El-Naby, Z.M., F.M. Sultan, H.S. Abd-El Maksoud and T.K. Abd El Aziz. 2016. Fertility and seed setting of ten alfalfa genotypes. American-Eurasian Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Science 16(3): 432-441.
• Andjelkovic, B., G. Jevtic, M. Mladenovic, M. Petrovic, R. Strbanovic and B. Zivkovic. 2010. The influence of alfalfa flower coloration and the period of the day on the pollinator visits. Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry 26: 173-180.
• Annicchiarico, P., B. Barrett, E.C. Brummer, B. Julier and A.H. Marshall. 2015. Achievements and Challenges in Improving Temperate Perennial Forage Legumes. Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences 34(1-3): 327-380.
• Avci, M., R. Hatipoglu, S. Cinar, C. Yucel and I. Inal. 2017. Effect of row spacing and sowing rate on seed yield of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) under Mediterranean conditions. Turk. J. Field Crops 22(1): 54-62.
• Basafa, M. and M. Taherian. 2009. A Study of agronomic and morphological variations in certain alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) ecotypes of the cold region of Iran. Asian J. Plant Sci. 8: 293-300.
• Bodzon, Z. 2016. Correlations and heritability of the characters determining the seed yield of the panical inflorescence forms of alfalfa (Medicago x Varia T. Martyn). Plant Breeding and Seed Science 74: 19-26.
• Bodzon, Z. 2004. Correlations and heritability of the characters determining the seed yield of the long-raceme alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.). J. App. Genet. 45(1): 49-59.
• Boelt, B., B. Julier, D. Karagic and J. Hampton. 2015. Legume seed production meeting market requirements and economic impacts, Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences 34 (1-3): 412- 427 DOI: 10.1080/07352689.2014.898477
• Bolanos-Aguilar, E.D., C. Huyghe, C. Ecalle, J. Hacquet and B. Julier. 2002. Effect of cultivar and environment on seed yield in Alfalfa. Crop Science 42 (1): 45-50.
• Bolanos-Aguillar, E.D., C. Huyghe, B. Julier and C. Ecalle. 2000. Genetic variation for seed yield and its components in alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) populations. Agronomie 20: 333-345. INRA, EDP Sciences.
• Bouton, J.H. 2012. Breeding lucerne for persistence. Crop and Pasture Science 63: 95-106.
• Chen, J.S., R.F. Zhu, L.G. Ma, H. Lin and W. Han. 2016. Potential of plant growth regulator and chlormequat chloride on alfalfa seed components. Pakistan Journal of Botany 48 (2): 527-533.
• Dordas, C. 2006. Foliar boron application ımproves seed set, seed yield and seed quality of alfalfa. Agron. J. 98: 907-913.
• El-Hifny, M.Z., B.R. Bakheit, M.S. Hassan and W.A. Abd ElRady. 2019. Forage and seed yield variation of alfalfa cultivars in response to planting date. SVU-International Journal of Agricultural Science 1(1): 21-33.
• Flajoulot, S., J. Ronfort, P. Baudouin, P. Barre, T. Huguet C. Huyghe and B. Julier. 2005. Genetic diversity among alfalfa (Medicago sativa) cultivars coming from a breeding program, using SSR markers. Theoretical Applied Genetics 111: 1420-1429.
• Hussain, K., S. Lone, A. Malik, K.Z. Masoodi, Z.A. Dar, N. Nazir, G. Ali and S. Farwah. 2021. Genetic variability studies in cherry tomato for growth, yield, and quality traits in open field conditions. Int. J. Agricul. App. Sci. 2(2): 60- 64.
• Jevtić, G. B. Anđelković, J. Radović, B. Dinić and S. Babić. 2014. Effect of Alfalfa Cultivar on Pollinator Visitation, Seed Yield and Yield Components. In: Quantitative Traits Breeding for Multifunctional Grasslands and Turf, ed Sokolović D., Huyghe C. and Radović J., 345-351, Springer, Dordrecht.
• Iannucci, A., N. Di Fonzo and P. Martiniello. 2002. Aflalfa (Medicago sativa L.) seed yield and quality under different forage nanagement systems and irrigation treatments in a Mediterranean environment. Field Crops Research, 78: 65- 74.
• Ilic, O. and D. Dukic. 2006. Corellations among alfalfa yield components. Genetika, 38 (3): 251-258.
• Karagić, Đ., D.B. Milić, S.M. Katanski, B.R. Milošević, M.Z. Zorić and B. Julier. 2019. Genetic vatiation of alfalfa seed yield in the establishment year. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Herbage Seed Conference, May 12-19, 2019, Corvallis, Oregon, USA, pp. 91-94.
• Khrbeet, H.K., R.Z.A. Al-Beiruty and N.M. Abood. 2016. Seed yield and its components of alfalfa as influenced by sulfur and last cutting data. The Iraqi J. Agricul. Sci. 47(5): 1346- 1353.
• Kosev, V. and V. Vasileva. 2021. Correlation dependences on quantitive signs in grass pea (Lathyrus sativus L.) accessions. Genetika 53(3): 1031-1042.
• Lakić, Ž, V. Popović, M. Ćosić and M. Antić. 2022. Genotypes variation of Medicago sativa (L.) seed yield components in acid soil under conditions of cross–fertilization. Genetika 54(1): 1-14.
• Liatukiene, A., Z. Liatukas and V. Ruzgas. 2009. Effect of morphological traits on seed yield of lucerne breeding populations in Lithuania. J. Cent. Eur. Agr. 10(4): 333-340.
• Lorenzetti, F. 1993. Achieving potential herbage seed yields in species of temperate regions, In: Proc. XVII Int. Grassland Congr. M.J. Baker, J.R. Crush, L.R. Humphreys (Eds.), pp. 1621-1628.
• Mamaev, S.A. 1973. Forms of intraspecific variability in ligneous plants. Moscow, USSR: Nauka (in Russian).
• Marinova, D. 2021. Evaluation of phenotypic variability and correlations between seed yield and some morphological and generative traits in alfalfa experimental populations. Journal of Mountain Agriculture on the Balkans 24(5): 219-238.
• Monirifar, H. 2011. Expected genetic gain for several quantitative traits in alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.). Nat. Sci. Biol. 3: 109-113.
• Naydenova, G., B. Bozhanski and T. Bozhanska. 2022. Wild alfalfa in the seminatural grasslands of Central Northern Bulgaria. Scientific Papers. Series A. Agronomy LXV(1): 447-454.
• Ozturk, G. and Z. Yildirim. 2014. Heritability estimates of some quantitative traits in potatoes. Turkish Journal of Field Crops 19 (2): 262-267.
• Pajcin, D., S.Vuckovic, V. Popovic, A. Simic, S. Popovic, K. Jovanovic-Radovanov, D. Simic and A. Vujosevic. 2020. Effects of row spacing and plant growth regulation on alfalfa seed yield (Medicago sativa L.). Pakistan Journal of Botany 52(5): 1757-1762.
• Parihar, A.K., G.P. Dixit and D. Singh. 2015. Genetic variability analysis for quantitative traits in a germplasm set of grasspea (Lathyrus spp.). Legume Research 38(4): 461-464.
• Pelikán, J., T. Vymyslický, D. Knotová and S. Raab. 2014. Variability of selected traits in the Czech alfalfa core collection. In: Quantitative Traits Breeding for Multifunctional Grasslands and Turf, ed. Sokolović D., Huyghe C. and Radović J., 85-90, Springer, Dordrecht.
• Prosperi, J.M., E. Jenczewski, M. Angevain and J. Ronfort. 2006. Morphologic and agronomic diversity of wild genetic resources of Medicago sativa L. collected in Spain. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution 53: 843-856.
• Rasheed, A, M. Ilyas T.N. Khan, A. Mahmood, U. Riaz, M.B. Chattha, N.A.T. Al Kashgry, N. Binothman, M.U. Hassan, Z. Wu and S.H. Qari. 2023. Study of genetic variability, heritability, and genetic advance for yield-related traits in tomato (Solanum lycopersicon MILL.). Front. Genet. 13, doi: 10.3389/fgene.2022.1030309
• Rashidi, M., B. Zand and M. Gholami. 2009. Effect of different seeding rates on seed yield and some seed yield components of alfalfa (Medicago sativa). Int. J. Agric. Biol. 11: 779-782.
• Rincker, C.M., V.L. Marble, D.E. Brown and C.A. Johansen. 1988. Seed Production Practice. In: Alfalfa and Alfalfa Improvement, ed. Hanson, A.A. Barnes D.K. and Hill R.R. Agronomy 29: 985-1021.
• Sengul, S. 2006. Using path analysis to determine lucerne (Medicago sativa L.) seed yield and its components, New Zeal. J. Agr. Res. 49: 107-115.
• Tlahig, S., A. Khaled, and M. Loumerem. 2017. Evaluation of forage biomass and seed yield among alfalfa progenies bred for adaptation to Tunisian outside oases conditions. Global Advanced Research Journal of Agricultural Science 6(6): 141-150.
• Torricelli, R., N. Colesanti and M. Falcinelli. 2007. Improved seed production in a New Italian cultivar of lucerne (Medicago sativa L.). In: Proceedings of the Sixth International Herbage Seed Conference, 18-20 June 2007, Gjennestad, Norway, pp. 100-106 (Bioforsk).
• Yildirim, A., E. Ilker and S. Ekren. 2023. Path Coefficient and Correlation Analysis in Second Crop Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill]. Turkish Journal of Field Crops 28 (2): 262-268.
• Zambrana, T. 1972. Components of seed yield in different varieties of alfalfa. Rev. Cubana Cienc. Agric. 6: 289–299.
• Zhang, T., X. Wang, J. Han, Y. Wang, P. Mao and M. Majerus. 2008. Effects of between-row and within-row spacing on alfalfa seed yields. Crop Sci. 48: 794-803.