Research Article
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Year 2016, , 210 - 217, 15.12.2016
https://doi.org/10.17557/tjfc.18296

Abstract

References

  • AOAC. 2000. Official Methods of Analysis of the Association of Official Analytical Chemist. 17th ed. AOAC, Washington, DC. USA.
  • ARC. 1980. The nutrient requirements of ruminant livestock. Commonwealth Agricultural Bureaux, Farnham Royal, U.K.
  • Atis, I., Konuskan, O., Duru, M., Gozubenli H., and Yilmaz, S. 2012. Effect of harvesting time on yield, composition and forage quality of some forage sorghum cultivars. Int. J. Agric. Biol. 14: 879‒886.
  • Barker, A.V., Pilbeam, D.J. 2015. Handbook of plant nutrition, second edition. CRC press, Taylor & Francis Group , LLC. 747p.
  • Barry, T.N. 2013. The feeding value of forage brassica plants for grazing ruminant livestock. Anim. Feed Sci. Tech. 181: 15– 25
  • Daur, I. 2013. Comparative study of farm yard manure and humic acid in integration with inorganic-n on wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Growth and yield. Tarim Bilim Derg. 19: 170-177.
  • Daur, I. 2014. Effect of humic acid on growth, protein and mineral composition of pearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R.Br.] Fodder. Pak. J. Bot. 46(2): 505-509.
  • Daur, I., and Tatar, Ö. 2013. Effects of gypsum and brassinolide on soil properties, and berseem (Trifolium alexandrinum L.) growth, yield and chemical composition grown on saline soil. Legume Res., 36 (4): 306 – 311.
  • Daur, I., Sepetoglu, H., and Sindel, B. 2011. Dynamics of faba bean growth and nutrient uptake and their correlation with grain yield. J. plant Nutr. 34: 1360-1371.
  • Dong, C.F.,, Shen, X.Y., Ding, C.L., Xu, N.X., Cheng, Y.H., and Gu, H.R. 2013. The feeding quality of rice (Oryza sativa L.) straw at different cutting heights and the related stem morphological traits. Field Crop Res. 141: 1–8.
  • Eyheraguibel, B., Silvestre, J., and Morard, P. 2008. Effects of humic substances derived from organic waste enhancement on the growth and mineral nutrition of maize. Bioresour. Technol. 99(10): 4206–4212.
  • Gidenne, T. 2015. Dietary fibres in the nutrition of the growing rabbit and recommendations to preserve digestive health: a review. Animal. 9(2): 227-242.
  • Goto , M., and Gordon, A.H. 2006. Changes in cell-wall composition and degradability of sorghum during growth and maturation. DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.2740540107.
  • Geren, Hakan. 2014. Dry matter yield and silage quality of some winter cereals harvested at different stages under mediterranean climate conditions. Turk J Field Crops. 19(2): 206-211.
  • Geren, Hakan. and Kavut, T.Y. 2015. Effect of different plant densities on the yield and some silage quality characteristics of giant king grass (Pennisetum hybridum) under mediterranean climatic conditions. Turk J Field Crops. 20(1), 85-91.
  • Hameed, M., Batool, S., Naz, N., Nawaz, T., and Ashraf, M. 2012. Leaf structural modifications for drought tolerance in some differentially adapted ecotypes of blue panic (Panicum antidotale Retz.). Acta Physiol. Plant. 34(4): 1479-1491.
  • Hodgson, J.F., Leach, R.M., and Allway, W.H. 1962. Micronutrients in soils and plants in relation to animal nutrition. J. Agri. Food Chem. 10: 171-174.
  • Kabu, M., and Uyarlar, C. 2015. The effects of borax on milk yield and selected metabolic parameters in Austrian Simmental (Fleckvieh) cows. Vet Med – Czech. 60(4): 175– 180.
  • Kabu, M., Uyarlar, C., Katarzyna, Z., Wanda, M., and Przemysław, S. 2015. The role of boron in animal health. J. Elem. 20(2): 535-541.
  • Kawas, J.R, Jorgensen, N.A., and Danelon, J.L. 1991. Fiber requirements of dairy cows: optimum fiber level in lucernebased diets for high producing cows. Livest. Prod. Sci. 28(2): 107–119.
  • Kilcher, M.R., Heinrichs, D.H. 1974. Contribution of stems and leaves to the yield and nutrient level of irrigated alfalfa at different stages of development. Can. J. Soil Sci. 54: 739- 742.
  • Knowles, S.O., and Grace, N.D. 2014. A recent assessment of the elemental composition of New Zealand pastures in relation to meeting the dietary requirements of grazing livestock. J. Anim. Sci. 92(1): 303-310.
  • Lee, C., Smith, D. 1972. Changes in the concentration of nitrogenous fractions in alfalfa herbage with advances in maturity. Agron. J. 64: 326-327.
  • Little, D.A. 1985. The dietary mineral requirements of ruminants; implications for the utilization of tropical fibrous agricultural residues. Pages 34-43 In: P.T. Doyle, ed. The utilization of fibrous agricultural residues as animal feeds. IDP, Canberra, Australia.
  • Long, R.J., Apori, S.O., Castrocorrespondence, F.B ., Grskov, E.R. 1999. Feed value of native forages of the Tibetan Plateau of China. Anim. Feed Sci. Tech. 80(2): 101–113.
  • Main, M.H., Lynch, D.H., Voroney, R.P., and Juurlink, S. 2013. Soil Phosphorus Effects on Forage Harvested and Nitrogen Fixation on Canadian Organic Dairy Farms. Agron. J. 105(3): 827-835.
  • McDowell, L.R. 1985. Nutrition of grazing ruminants in warm climates. Academic Press, New York.
  • McDowell, L.R., Houser, R.H. and Fick, K.R. 1978. Iron, zinc and manganese in ruminant nutrition. Pages 108-116. In: J.R. Conrad and L.R. McDowell, eds. Latin American symposium on mineral nutrition research with grazing ruminants. University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida.
  • McDowell, L.R., Houser, R.H., and Fick, K.R. 1978. Iron, zinc and manganese in ruminant nutrition. Pages 108-116. In: J.R. Conrad and L.R. McDowell, eds. Latin American symposium on mineral nutrition research with grazing ruminants. University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida.
  • Mertens, D.R. 1987. Predicting intake and digestibility using mathematical models of ruminal function. J. Anim. Sci. 64:1548-1558.
  • Minson, D. J. 2012. Magnesium in ruminant nutrition, In: Forage in ruminant nutrition, Academic Press Inc. San Diego, California 92101, United States, 463 Pp.
  • Moore, J.E., Burns, J.C., Fisher, D.S., 1996. Multiple regression equations for predicting relative feed value of grass hays. In: Proceedings of the 1996 American Forage and Grassland Council, Vancouver, BC, pp. 35–139.
  • Nawaz, T., Hameed, M., Ashraf, M., Batool, S., and Naz, N. 2013. Modifications in root and stem anatomy for water conservation in some diverse blue panic (Panicum antidotale retz.) ecotypes under drought stress. Arid Land Res. Manag. 27(3): 286-297.
  • Nazli, R.I., Kuşvuran, A., İnal, İ., Demirbaş, A., Tansi, V. 2014. Effects of different organic materials on forage yield and quality of silage maize (Zea mays L.). Turk J Agric For. 38: 23-31.
  • Nelson, D.W. ,and Sommers, L.E. 1996. Total carbon, organic carbon, and organic matter. In: Methods of Soil Analysis, Part 2, 2nd ed., A.L. Page et al., eds. Agronomy. 9:961-1010. Am. Soc. of Agron., Inc. Madison, WI.
  • NRC. 1978. Nutrient requirements of domestic animals. Nutrient requirements of dairy cattle. 5th edition. National Academy of Sciences, Washington, D.C.
  • NRC. 1984. Nutrient requirements of domestic animals. Nutrient requirements of sheep. 6th edition. National Academy of Sciences, Washington, D.C.
  • NRC. 1985. Nutrient requirements of sheep. 6th edition. National Research Council, National Academy Press, Washington, D.C.
  • Page A.L., Miller, R.H., and Keeney, D.R. 1982. Methods of soil analysis, Part 2. Chemical and microbiological properties (Agronomy), 2nd ed. Soil Sci. Soc. Am., Madison, Wisconsin, USA.
  • Peiretti, P.G., Gai, F., and Tassone, S. 2013. Fatty acid profile and nutritive value of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) seeds and plants at different growth stages. Anim Feed Sci. Tech. 183: 56–61.
  • Restelatto, R., Pavinato, P.S., Sartor, L.R., Paixao, and S.J. 2014. Production and nutritional value of sorghum and black oat forages under nitrogen fertilization. Grass Forage Sci. 69(4): 693-704.
  • Rominger, R.S., Smith, D., Peterson, L.A. 1975. Changes in elemental concentrations in alfalfa herbage at two soil fertility levels with advance in maturity. Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. 6: 163-180.
  • Ryan, J., Estefan, G., and Rashid, A. 2001. Soil and plant analysis laboratory manual, 2nd ed. Aleppo, Syria: International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas and the National Agricultural Research Center.
  • Shahbaz, M., Iqbal, M., and Ashraf, M. 2011. Response of differently adapted populations of blue panic grass (Panicum antidotale Retz.). J. Appl. Bot. Food Qual. 84: 134 - 141.
  • Soto-Navarro, S.A. , Lopez, R., Sankey, C., Capitan, B.M., Holland, B.P., Balstad L.A., and Krehbiel, C.R. 2014. Comparative digestibility by cattle versus sheep: Effect of forage quality. J. Anim. Sci. 92(4): 1621-1629.
  • Sykes, A.R. and Field, A.C. 1972. Effects of dietary deficiencies of energy, protein and calcium on the pregnant ewe. I. Body composition and mineral content of the ewes. J. Agr. Sci. 78:109-117.
  • Theodoridou, K., Aufrère, J., Andueza, D., Le Morvan, A., Picard, F., Stringano, E., Pourrat, J., Mueller-Harvey, I., and Baumont, R. 2011. Effect of plant development during first and second growth cycle on chemical composition, condensed tannins and nutritive value of three sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia) varieties and Lucerne. Grass Forage Sci. 66(3): 402–414.
  • Underwood, E.J. 1981. The mineral nutrition of livestock. 2nd edition. Commonwealth Agricultural Bureau, London. Van Soest, P.J. 1982. Nutritional ecology of the ruminant. O and B Books, Oregon.
  • Van Soest, P.J., Robertson, J.B., Lewis, B.A. 1991. Methods for dietary fiber, neutral detergent fiber, and nonstarch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition. J. Dairy Res. 74(10): 3583–3597.
  • Wasim, M. A., Iqbal, R.M., and Akram, M. 2013. Growth and physiology of panicum species for thermotolerance under hydroponic conditions. J. Anim. Plant Sci. 23(3): 860-864.
  • Yona, C., and Aviad, T. 1990. Effects of humic substances on plant growth. In: humic substances in soil and crop sciences: selected readings. P. MacCarthy, C.E. Clapp, R.L. Malcolm and P.R. Bloom, eds. p. 161-186. doi:10.2136/1990.humicsubstances.c7.
  • Zebeli, Q., Aschenbach, J.R., Tafaj, M., Boguhn, J., Ametaj, B.N., Drochner, W. 2012. Invited review: Role of physically effective fiber and estimation of dietary fiber adequacy in high-producing dairy cattle. J. Dairy Sci. 95(3): 1041–1056.
  • Zebeli, Q., Dijkstra, J., Tafaj, M., Steingass, H., Ametaj, B.N., and Drochner, W. 2008. Modeling the adequacy of dietary fiber in dairy cows based on the responses of ruminal pH and milk fat production to composition of the diet. J. Dairy Sci. 91(5): 2046–2066.

FEED VALUE OF BLUE PANIC (Panicum antidotale retz.) GRASS AT DIFFERENT GROWTH STAGES AND UNDER VARYING LEVELS OF HUMIC ACID IN SALINE CONDITIONS

Year 2016, , 210 - 217, 15.12.2016
https://doi.org/10.17557/tjfc.18296

Abstract

This study underscored an underexploited crop, blue panic grass as a potential crop for hot and saline regions.
It investigated feed value of the crop at two growth stages, before flowering (BF) and after flowering (AF), and
under different levels of humic acid application (HA, at 0, 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, and 90 kg ha−1
). Significant (P <
0.05) effects of different growth stages, HA while non-significant effect of their interactions were observed for
various parameters. Low dry matter (DM) was recorded for cutting at BF than that for AF, whereas the DM
production increased with increasing HA levels. For plants at BF stage, low acid detergent fiber (ADF) and low
neutral detergent fiber (NDF) levels were observed. In contrast, leaf/stem ratio, digestible dry matter (DDM),
crude protein (CP) content, and the concentrations of macro and micro elements, were all high in plants at BF
stage. A similar pattern for all the above mentioned parameters was observed for augmentation of HA. The
study suggests the application of 75-90 kg ha-1 HA to the soil, whereas cutting of the crop at BF stage for
enhancing both the yield and quality of the crop. Furthermore, findings of this study are expected to be a
valuable reference for researchers and producers, because it broadly highlights the grass feed values

References

  • AOAC. 2000. Official Methods of Analysis of the Association of Official Analytical Chemist. 17th ed. AOAC, Washington, DC. USA.
  • ARC. 1980. The nutrient requirements of ruminant livestock. Commonwealth Agricultural Bureaux, Farnham Royal, U.K.
  • Atis, I., Konuskan, O., Duru, M., Gozubenli H., and Yilmaz, S. 2012. Effect of harvesting time on yield, composition and forage quality of some forage sorghum cultivars. Int. J. Agric. Biol. 14: 879‒886.
  • Barker, A.V., Pilbeam, D.J. 2015. Handbook of plant nutrition, second edition. CRC press, Taylor & Francis Group , LLC. 747p.
  • Barry, T.N. 2013. The feeding value of forage brassica plants for grazing ruminant livestock. Anim. Feed Sci. Tech. 181: 15– 25
  • Daur, I. 2013. Comparative study of farm yard manure and humic acid in integration with inorganic-n on wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Growth and yield. Tarim Bilim Derg. 19: 170-177.
  • Daur, I. 2014. Effect of humic acid on growth, protein and mineral composition of pearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R.Br.] Fodder. Pak. J. Bot. 46(2): 505-509.
  • Daur, I., and Tatar, Ö. 2013. Effects of gypsum and brassinolide on soil properties, and berseem (Trifolium alexandrinum L.) growth, yield and chemical composition grown on saline soil. Legume Res., 36 (4): 306 – 311.
  • Daur, I., Sepetoglu, H., and Sindel, B. 2011. Dynamics of faba bean growth and nutrient uptake and their correlation with grain yield. J. plant Nutr. 34: 1360-1371.
  • Dong, C.F.,, Shen, X.Y., Ding, C.L., Xu, N.X., Cheng, Y.H., and Gu, H.R. 2013. The feeding quality of rice (Oryza sativa L.) straw at different cutting heights and the related stem morphological traits. Field Crop Res. 141: 1–8.
  • Eyheraguibel, B., Silvestre, J., and Morard, P. 2008. Effects of humic substances derived from organic waste enhancement on the growth and mineral nutrition of maize. Bioresour. Technol. 99(10): 4206–4212.
  • Gidenne, T. 2015. Dietary fibres in the nutrition of the growing rabbit and recommendations to preserve digestive health: a review. Animal. 9(2): 227-242.
  • Goto , M., and Gordon, A.H. 2006. Changes in cell-wall composition and degradability of sorghum during growth and maturation. DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.2740540107.
  • Geren, Hakan. 2014. Dry matter yield and silage quality of some winter cereals harvested at different stages under mediterranean climate conditions. Turk J Field Crops. 19(2): 206-211.
  • Geren, Hakan. and Kavut, T.Y. 2015. Effect of different plant densities on the yield and some silage quality characteristics of giant king grass (Pennisetum hybridum) under mediterranean climatic conditions. Turk J Field Crops. 20(1), 85-91.
  • Hameed, M., Batool, S., Naz, N., Nawaz, T., and Ashraf, M. 2012. Leaf structural modifications for drought tolerance in some differentially adapted ecotypes of blue panic (Panicum antidotale Retz.). Acta Physiol. Plant. 34(4): 1479-1491.
  • Hodgson, J.F., Leach, R.M., and Allway, W.H. 1962. Micronutrients in soils and plants in relation to animal nutrition. J. Agri. Food Chem. 10: 171-174.
  • Kabu, M., and Uyarlar, C. 2015. The effects of borax on milk yield and selected metabolic parameters in Austrian Simmental (Fleckvieh) cows. Vet Med – Czech. 60(4): 175– 180.
  • Kabu, M., Uyarlar, C., Katarzyna, Z., Wanda, M., and Przemysław, S. 2015. The role of boron in animal health. J. Elem. 20(2): 535-541.
  • Kawas, J.R, Jorgensen, N.A., and Danelon, J.L. 1991. Fiber requirements of dairy cows: optimum fiber level in lucernebased diets for high producing cows. Livest. Prod. Sci. 28(2): 107–119.
  • Kilcher, M.R., Heinrichs, D.H. 1974. Contribution of stems and leaves to the yield and nutrient level of irrigated alfalfa at different stages of development. Can. J. Soil Sci. 54: 739- 742.
  • Knowles, S.O., and Grace, N.D. 2014. A recent assessment of the elemental composition of New Zealand pastures in relation to meeting the dietary requirements of grazing livestock. J. Anim. Sci. 92(1): 303-310.
  • Lee, C., Smith, D. 1972. Changes in the concentration of nitrogenous fractions in alfalfa herbage with advances in maturity. Agron. J. 64: 326-327.
  • Little, D.A. 1985. The dietary mineral requirements of ruminants; implications for the utilization of tropical fibrous agricultural residues. Pages 34-43 In: P.T. Doyle, ed. The utilization of fibrous agricultural residues as animal feeds. IDP, Canberra, Australia.
  • Long, R.J., Apori, S.O., Castrocorrespondence, F.B ., Grskov, E.R. 1999. Feed value of native forages of the Tibetan Plateau of China. Anim. Feed Sci. Tech. 80(2): 101–113.
  • Main, M.H., Lynch, D.H., Voroney, R.P., and Juurlink, S. 2013. Soil Phosphorus Effects on Forage Harvested and Nitrogen Fixation on Canadian Organic Dairy Farms. Agron. J. 105(3): 827-835.
  • McDowell, L.R. 1985. Nutrition of grazing ruminants in warm climates. Academic Press, New York.
  • McDowell, L.R., Houser, R.H. and Fick, K.R. 1978. Iron, zinc and manganese in ruminant nutrition. Pages 108-116. In: J.R. Conrad and L.R. McDowell, eds. Latin American symposium on mineral nutrition research with grazing ruminants. University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida.
  • McDowell, L.R., Houser, R.H., and Fick, K.R. 1978. Iron, zinc and manganese in ruminant nutrition. Pages 108-116. In: J.R. Conrad and L.R. McDowell, eds. Latin American symposium on mineral nutrition research with grazing ruminants. University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida.
  • Mertens, D.R. 1987. Predicting intake and digestibility using mathematical models of ruminal function. J. Anim. Sci. 64:1548-1558.
  • Minson, D. J. 2012. Magnesium in ruminant nutrition, In: Forage in ruminant nutrition, Academic Press Inc. San Diego, California 92101, United States, 463 Pp.
  • Moore, J.E., Burns, J.C., Fisher, D.S., 1996. Multiple regression equations for predicting relative feed value of grass hays. In: Proceedings of the 1996 American Forage and Grassland Council, Vancouver, BC, pp. 35–139.
  • Nawaz, T., Hameed, M., Ashraf, M., Batool, S., and Naz, N. 2013. Modifications in root and stem anatomy for water conservation in some diverse blue panic (Panicum antidotale retz.) ecotypes under drought stress. Arid Land Res. Manag. 27(3): 286-297.
  • Nazli, R.I., Kuşvuran, A., İnal, İ., Demirbaş, A., Tansi, V. 2014. Effects of different organic materials on forage yield and quality of silage maize (Zea mays L.). Turk J Agric For. 38: 23-31.
  • Nelson, D.W. ,and Sommers, L.E. 1996. Total carbon, organic carbon, and organic matter. In: Methods of Soil Analysis, Part 2, 2nd ed., A.L. Page et al., eds. Agronomy. 9:961-1010. Am. Soc. of Agron., Inc. Madison, WI.
  • NRC. 1978. Nutrient requirements of domestic animals. Nutrient requirements of dairy cattle. 5th edition. National Academy of Sciences, Washington, D.C.
  • NRC. 1984. Nutrient requirements of domestic animals. Nutrient requirements of sheep. 6th edition. National Academy of Sciences, Washington, D.C.
  • NRC. 1985. Nutrient requirements of sheep. 6th edition. National Research Council, National Academy Press, Washington, D.C.
  • Page A.L., Miller, R.H., and Keeney, D.R. 1982. Methods of soil analysis, Part 2. Chemical and microbiological properties (Agronomy), 2nd ed. Soil Sci. Soc. Am., Madison, Wisconsin, USA.
  • Peiretti, P.G., Gai, F., and Tassone, S. 2013. Fatty acid profile and nutritive value of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) seeds and plants at different growth stages. Anim Feed Sci. Tech. 183: 56–61.
  • Restelatto, R., Pavinato, P.S., Sartor, L.R., Paixao, and S.J. 2014. Production and nutritional value of sorghum and black oat forages under nitrogen fertilization. Grass Forage Sci. 69(4): 693-704.
  • Rominger, R.S., Smith, D., Peterson, L.A. 1975. Changes in elemental concentrations in alfalfa herbage at two soil fertility levels with advance in maturity. Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. 6: 163-180.
  • Ryan, J., Estefan, G., and Rashid, A. 2001. Soil and plant analysis laboratory manual, 2nd ed. Aleppo, Syria: International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas and the National Agricultural Research Center.
  • Shahbaz, M., Iqbal, M., and Ashraf, M. 2011. Response of differently adapted populations of blue panic grass (Panicum antidotale Retz.). J. Appl. Bot. Food Qual. 84: 134 - 141.
  • Soto-Navarro, S.A. , Lopez, R., Sankey, C., Capitan, B.M., Holland, B.P., Balstad L.A., and Krehbiel, C.R. 2014. Comparative digestibility by cattle versus sheep: Effect of forage quality. J. Anim. Sci. 92(4): 1621-1629.
  • Sykes, A.R. and Field, A.C. 1972. Effects of dietary deficiencies of energy, protein and calcium on the pregnant ewe. I. Body composition and mineral content of the ewes. J. Agr. Sci. 78:109-117.
  • Theodoridou, K., Aufrère, J., Andueza, D., Le Morvan, A., Picard, F., Stringano, E., Pourrat, J., Mueller-Harvey, I., and Baumont, R. 2011. Effect of plant development during first and second growth cycle on chemical composition, condensed tannins and nutritive value of three sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia) varieties and Lucerne. Grass Forage Sci. 66(3): 402–414.
  • Underwood, E.J. 1981. The mineral nutrition of livestock. 2nd edition. Commonwealth Agricultural Bureau, London. Van Soest, P.J. 1982. Nutritional ecology of the ruminant. O and B Books, Oregon.
  • Van Soest, P.J., Robertson, J.B., Lewis, B.A. 1991. Methods for dietary fiber, neutral detergent fiber, and nonstarch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition. J. Dairy Res. 74(10): 3583–3597.
  • Wasim, M. A., Iqbal, R.M., and Akram, M. 2013. Growth and physiology of panicum species for thermotolerance under hydroponic conditions. J. Anim. Plant Sci. 23(3): 860-864.
  • Yona, C., and Aviad, T. 1990. Effects of humic substances on plant growth. In: humic substances in soil and crop sciences: selected readings. P. MacCarthy, C.E. Clapp, R.L. Malcolm and P.R. Bloom, eds. p. 161-186. doi:10.2136/1990.humicsubstances.c7.
  • Zebeli, Q., Aschenbach, J.R., Tafaj, M., Boguhn, J., Ametaj, B.N., Drochner, W. 2012. Invited review: Role of physically effective fiber and estimation of dietary fiber adequacy in high-producing dairy cattle. J. Dairy Sci. 95(3): 1041–1056.
  • Zebeli, Q., Dijkstra, J., Tafaj, M., Steingass, H., Ametaj, B.N., and Drochner, W. 2008. Modeling the adequacy of dietary fiber in dairy cows based on the responses of ruminal pH and milk fat production to composition of the diet. J. Dairy Sci. 91(5): 2046–2066.
There are 53 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Articles
Authors

İhsanullah Daur This is me

Publication Date December 15, 2016
Published in Issue Year 2016

Cite

APA Daur, İ. (2016). FEED VALUE OF BLUE PANIC (Panicum antidotale retz.) GRASS AT DIFFERENT GROWTH STAGES AND UNDER VARYING LEVELS OF HUMIC ACID IN SALINE CONDITIONS. Turkish Journal Of Field Crops, 21(2), 210-217. https://doi.org/10.17557/tjfc.18296
AMA Daur İ. FEED VALUE OF BLUE PANIC (Panicum antidotale retz.) GRASS AT DIFFERENT GROWTH STAGES AND UNDER VARYING LEVELS OF HUMIC ACID IN SALINE CONDITIONS. TJFC. December 2016;21(2):210-217. doi:10.17557/tjfc.18296
Chicago Daur, İhsanullah. “FEED VALUE OF BLUE PANIC (Panicum Antidotale retz.) GRASS AT DIFFERENT GROWTH STAGES AND UNDER VARYING LEVELS OF HUMIC ACID IN SALINE CONDITIONS”. Turkish Journal Of Field Crops 21, no. 2 (December 2016): 210-17. https://doi.org/10.17557/tjfc.18296.
EndNote Daur İ (December 1, 2016) FEED VALUE OF BLUE PANIC (Panicum antidotale retz.) GRASS AT DIFFERENT GROWTH STAGES AND UNDER VARYING LEVELS OF HUMIC ACID IN SALINE CONDITIONS. Turkish Journal Of Field Crops 21 2 210–217.
IEEE İ. Daur, “FEED VALUE OF BLUE PANIC (Panicum antidotale retz.) GRASS AT DIFFERENT GROWTH STAGES AND UNDER VARYING LEVELS OF HUMIC ACID IN SALINE CONDITIONS”, TJFC, vol. 21, no. 2, pp. 210–217, 2016, doi: 10.17557/tjfc.18296.
ISNAD Daur, İhsanullah. “FEED VALUE OF BLUE PANIC (Panicum Antidotale retz.) GRASS AT DIFFERENT GROWTH STAGES AND UNDER VARYING LEVELS OF HUMIC ACID IN SALINE CONDITIONS”. Turkish Journal Of Field Crops 21/2 (December 2016), 210-217. https://doi.org/10.17557/tjfc.18296.
JAMA Daur İ. FEED VALUE OF BLUE PANIC (Panicum antidotale retz.) GRASS AT DIFFERENT GROWTH STAGES AND UNDER VARYING LEVELS OF HUMIC ACID IN SALINE CONDITIONS. TJFC. 2016;21:210–217.
MLA Daur, İhsanullah. “FEED VALUE OF BLUE PANIC (Panicum Antidotale retz.) GRASS AT DIFFERENT GROWTH STAGES AND UNDER VARYING LEVELS OF HUMIC ACID IN SALINE CONDITIONS”. Turkish Journal Of Field Crops, vol. 21, no. 2, 2016, pp. 210-7, doi:10.17557/tjfc.18296.
Vancouver Daur İ. FEED VALUE OF BLUE PANIC (Panicum antidotale retz.) GRASS AT DIFFERENT GROWTH STAGES AND UNDER VARYING LEVELS OF HUMIC ACID IN SALINE CONDITIONS. TJFC. 2016;21(2):210-7.

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