Vulvovajinal Kandidiyazis Öyküsü Olan Kadınlara Verilen Genital Hijyen Eğitiminin Genital Hijyen Davranışları Ve Öz-Bakım Üzerindeki Etkisi

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, vulvovajinal kandidiyazis öyküsü olan ve kırsal bölgelerde yaşayan kadınlarda genital hijyen eğitiminin genital hijyen uygulamaları ve öz bakım gücü üzerindeki etkisini tespit etmektir. Yöntem: Bu randomize kontrollü araştırmanın katılımcıları, bir önceki yıl vulvovajinal kandidiyaz öyküsü olan ve Türkiye'nin doğusundaki iki kırsal bölgede aile sağlığı merkezlerine kayıtlı olan kadınlardır. Çalışma örnekleminde toplam 114 kadın vardır; 57'si müdahale grubuna ve kalan 57'si kontrol grubuna atanmıştır. Müdahale grubundaki kadınlara genital hijyen davranışları hakkında eğitim verilmiştir. Bulgular: Müdahale öncesinde, müdahale grubundaki kadınlar ile kontrol grubundaki kadınlar arasında öz-bakım düzeyleri ve genital hijyen davranışları açısından anlamlı bir fark bulunmamıştır (p>0.05). Eğitimi takip eden ilk aydan sonra müdahale grubundaki katılımcıların öz bakım düzeylerinin kontrol grubuna göre önemli ölçüde arttığı (sırasıyla; 94.71±8.08, 83.84±9.52), ayrıca müdahale grubundaki katılımcıların uygun genital hijyen davranışları puanının kontrol grubuna göre önemli ölçüde arttığı (sırasıyla; 141.36±15.88, 132.29±20.15) ve gruplar arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark olduğu gösterilmiştir (p<0.05). Sonuç: Çalışmanın bulguları, genital hijyen davranış eğitiminin, üreme çağında olup uzak bölgelerde yaşayan ve vulvovajinal kandidiyazis öyküsü olan kadınlar arasında genital hijyen davranışlarını ve öz bakımı teşvik etmek için yararlı bir strateji olabileceğini göstermiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• genital hijyen
• vulvovajinal kandidiyaz
• genital enfeksiyon
• kişisel bakım
• kırsal alan
• eğitim

The Effect Of Genital Hygiene Training Provided To Women With A History Of Vulvovaginal Candidiasis On Genital Hygiene Behaviors And Self-Care Agency

Öz

Objective: The objective of the study was to determine the impact of genital hygiene training on genital hygiene practices and self-care agency levels in women with a history of vulvovaginal candidiasis who lived in rural locations. Methods: The participants of this randomized controlled study were women who had a history of vulvovaginal candidiasis during the previous year and were registered with family health centers in two rural communities in eastern Türkiye. There were 114 women in the sample, including 57 in the intervention group and 57 in the control group. Training on genital hygiene behaviors was given to the women in the intervention group. Results: Before the intervention, there was no significant difference in terms of self-care agency levels and genital hygiene behaviors between the women in the intervention group and the control group (p>0.05). After the first month following the training, the self-care agency levels of the participants in the intervention group increased significantly compared to the control group (94.71±8.08, 83.84±9.52, respectively;). Additionally, the appropriate genital hygiene behaviors mean score of the participants in the intervention group was significantly higher than those in the control group (141.36±15.88, 132.29±20.15, respectively;) (p<0.05). Conclusions: The results of this study showed that genital hygiene behavior training can be a useful strategy for promoting genital hygiene behaviors and self-care agency among women of reproductive age with a history of vulvovaginal candidiasis who live in remote locations.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• genital hygiene
• vulvovaginal candidiasis
• genital infection
• self-care
• rural area
• training

Kaynakça

1. 1. Denning DW, Kneale M, Sobel JD, Rautemaa-Richardson R. Global burden of recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis: a systematic review. Lancet İnfectious Diseases 2018;18(11): e339-e347. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(18)30103-8
2. 2. Shejuty T, Shamsi S, Mirza T, Nigar K, Nahar S, Begum S, et al. A young girl with a complex female genital tract malformation. Mymensingh Med J 2020;29:725–729
3. 3. Hazra A, Collison MW, Davis AM. CDC sexually transmitted infections treatment guidelines, 2021. JAMA 2022;327(9): 870-871. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2022.1246
4. 4. Uzun K, Goktas S. The effect of training given using three different methods on genital hygiene behaviours after medical curettage. J Obstet Gynaecol 2022; 42(5): 1504-1511.
5. 5. Murina F, Lubrano C, Cappelli E, Campo M, Taraborrelli S. The role of female intimate hygiene practices in the management of vulvovaginal candidiasis: A randomized, controlled open-label trial. Health Care for Women International 2022;1-12. https://doi.org/10.1080/07399332.2022.2061972
6. 6. Tokuç B, Cangöl E. Genital Hygiene Practices of Women who Present to a Gynecology Clinic. Florence Nightingale Hemşirelik Derg 2013; 21(2): 85-91.
7. 7. Czerwinski BS. Variation in Feminine hygiene practices as a function of a age. J Obstet Gynecol & Neonatal Nurs 2000;29(6):625-633. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1552-6909.2000.tb02076.x
8. 8. Farage AM, Meyer JS, Katsarou A, Botwell P, Deliveliotou A, Creatsas G. Cutaneous and Sensory Efect of Femine Hygiene Pads Among Women with Recent Genital Infection. Cutaneous Ocular Toxicology 2006;25(2): 121-130. https://doi.org/10.1080/15569520600695561

9. 9. Öner S, Turfan EÇ. The effect of planned education given to the pregnant women on genital hygiene behaviour and the symptoms of urinary tract ınfection. Van Health Sci J 2020;13(1): 10-18.
10. 10. Palas P, Karaçam Z. The effects of being in prison on women's genital hygiene practical. J Anatolia Nurs Health Sci 2013;16(1): 27-35.
11. 11. Yılmaz Y, Kahraman S. The knowledge about the adolescent girls’ genitals and hygiene who live in Sanliurfa, applications and factors that affect. J Human Sci 2019;16(3):823-832. https://doi.org/10.14687/jhs.v16i3.5678
12. 12. Şen S, Güneri SE. Genital hygiene practices and awareness of student nurses. Celal Bayar Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü Derg 2020; 7(2): 96-101. https://doi.org/10.344087/cbusbed.531635
13. 13. Chen Y, Bruning E, Rubino J, Eder SE. Role of female intimate hygiene in vulvovaginal health: Global hygiene practices and product usage. Women's Health 2017;13(3): 58-67. https://doi.org/10.1177/1745505717731011
14. 14. Karatay G, Özvarış ŞB. Evaluation of applications regarding the genital hygiene of women living in barrel houses within a region existing a health center. Cumhuriyet Nurs J 2016;10(1): 7-14.
15. 15. Süt KH. Investigation of Relationship between Genital Infection and Genital Hygiene Behaviorsin Women Aged 18-49 Years. J Duzce University Health Sci Institute 2016;6(1):8- 13.
16. 16. Hacıalioğlu N, Nazik E, Kılıç MA. Descriptive study of douching practices in Turkish women. Inter J Nurs Practice 2009;15(2):57-64. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-172X.2009.01735.x
17. 17. Özyacıoğlu N, Ünsal A, Sezgin S. The effects of tolet and genital hygiene education on high school students’ behavior. Inter J Caring Sci2011; 4(3).
18. 18. Godfrey CM, Harrison MB, Lysaght R, Lamb M, Graham ID, Oakley P. Care of self–care by other–care of other: The meaning of self‐care from research, practice, policy and industry perspectives. Inter J Evidence‐Based Healthcare 2011; 9(1), 3-24. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-1609.2010.00196.x
19. 19. Remme M, Narasimhan M, Wilson D, Ali M, Vijayasingham L, Ghani F, Allotey P. Self care interventions for sexual and reproductive health and rights: costs, benefits, and financing. BMJ 2019; 365. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.l1228
20. 20. Ross A, Bevans M, Brooks AT, Gibbons S, Wallen GR. Nurses and health-promoting behaviors: Knowledge may not translate into self-care. AORN J 2017;105(3):267-275. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aorn.2016.12.018
21. 21. Kruk ME, Gage AD, Arsenault C, Jordan K, Leslie HH, Roder-DeWan S, Pate M. High-quality health systems in the Sustainable Development Goals era: time for a revolution. Lancet Global Health 2018; 6(11): e1196-e1252.
22. 22. Karahan N. Development of a genital hygiene behavior scale: Validity and reliability study. Istanbul Medical J 2017;18(3):157-162. https://doi.org/10.5152/imj.2017.82957
23. 23. Nahcivan N. Validity and reliability study: Adaptation of Self-Care Scale into Turkish. Florence Nightingale J Nurs 1994;7(33): 109-119
24. 24. Kırbaş ZÖ, Kahriman I, Kaşko Arıcı Y. Training female adolescent students with intellectual disabilities about genital hygiene skills using peer training. Inter J Developmental Disabilities 2022; 68(3):332-341. https://doi.org/10.1080/20473869.2020.1774224
25. 25. Gül S, Yağmur Y. The effect of web-based genital hygiene education provided to the women with disabilities on their self-care agency and genital hygiene behaviors: A randomized controlled trial. Health Care Women Inter 2022;1-19. https://doi.org/10.1080/07399332.2022.2128801
26. 26. Sinan Ö, Çamözü E, Tosun B. Genital Hygiene Behaviors Among Married Women and the Outcomes of Counseling Practices. Turkish J Research Development Nurs 2019; 21(1-2):12-22
27. 27. Sumarah S, Widyasih H. Effect of vaginal hygiene module to attitudes and behavior of pathological vaginal discharge prevention among female adolescents in Slemanregency, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. J Family Reproductive Health 2017;11(2): 104
28. 28. Zhang XJ, Shen Q, Wang GY, Yu YL, Sun YH, Yu GB, Ye DQ. Risk factors for reproductive tract infections among married women in rural areas of Anhui Province, China. European J Obstet Gynecol Reproductive Biology 2009;147(2): 187-191. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejogrb.2009.08.017
29. 29. Şeker S, Canbay FC, Firouz N, Cesur C. Identifying genital hygiene behaviours of pregnant women in rural and urban regions: a cross-sectional study. Clinical Experimental Health Sci 2020; 10(4): 375-381. https://doi.org/10.33808/clinexphealthsci.671328
30. 30. Baraia ZA, Abdallah IM, Nour S. Impact of educational program about self-care practices on the reliving of vaginal infection among high risk women in Ismailia city. IOSR J Nurs Health Sci 2017;6(03):73-78. https://doi.org/10.9790/1959-0603077378