Assessment of Water Quality and Pollution Load Capacity of the Mmubete Stream in Nigeria

Abstract

The continuous discharge of waste with high organic content into water bodies causes water pollution. This study evaluates the level of pollution in the Mmubete Stream by focusing on monitoring and evaluating water pollution. The stream is useful for fishing and domestic activities. Water and effluent samples were collected every two months for one year at 12 sampling points covering a total of 1 km stretch of the stream. Seventy-two water samples were collected during the wet and dry seasons covering January, March, May, July, September, and November 2020. Twelve samples were collected in each sampling month and analyzed for twenty parameters: dissolved oxygen, turbidity, total dissolved solids, total suspended solids, biochemical oxygen demand, pH, temperature, electrical conductivity, phosphate, nitrate, copper, lead, iron, manganese, chloride, salinity, nickel, and chemical oxygen demand. The pollution status was evaluated using the modified Water Pollution Index and the National Sanitation Foundation Water Quality Index (NSFWQI) method. The results revealed that Mmubete stream is moderately polluted with water pollution indices for wet and dry seasons as 1.037 and 1.329 respectively and water quality index of 55.87 and 53.22 for dry and wet seasons respectively.

Keywords

• Stream
• waste discharge
• water pollution
• water quality
• wastewater

Nijerya’daki Mmubete Deresi’nin Su Kalitesi ve Kirlilik Yük Kapasitesinin Değerlendirilmesi

Abstract

Su kütlelerine yüksek organik içerikli atıkların sürekli deşarjı su kirliliğine neden olur. Bu çalışma, su kirliliğinin izlenmesi ve değerlendirilmesine odaklanarak Mmubete Deresi’ndeki kirlilik seviyesini değerlendirmektedir. Dere, balıkçılık ve evsel faaliyetler için faydalıdır. Su ve atık su örnekleri, derenin toplam 1 km’lik bölümünü kapsayan 12 örnekleme noktasından bir yıl boyunca her iki ayda bir toplandı. Ocak, Mart, Mayıs, Temmuz, Eylül ve Kasım 2020’yi kapsayan yağışlı ve kurak mevsimlerde yetmiş iki su örneği toplandı. Her örnekleme ayında on iki örnek toplandı ve yirmi parametre açısından analiz edildi: çözünmüş oksijen, bulanıklık, toplam çözünmüş katılar, toplam askıda katılar, biyokimyasal oksijen ihtiyacı, pH, sıcaklık, elektriksel iletkenlik, fosfat, nitrat, bakır, kurşun, demir, manganez, klorür, tuzluluk, nikel ve kimyasal oksijen ihtiyacı. Kirlilik durumu, değiştirilmiş Su Kirliliği Endeksi ve Ulusal Sanitasyon Vakfı Su Kalitesi Endeksi (NSFWQI) yöntemi kullanılarak değerlendirildi. Sonuçlar, Mmubete Deresi’nin orta düzeyde kirli olduğunu, yağışlı ve kurak mevsimlerdeki su kirliliği indekslerinin sırasıyla 1,037 ve 1,329, kurak ve yağışlı mevsimlerdeki su kalitesi indekslerinin ise sırasıyla 55,87 ve 53,22 olduğunu ortaya koymuştur.

Keywords

• Akarsu
• atık deşarjı
• su kirliliği
• su kalitesi
• atık su

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