Otonom Araç Radarları için 79 GHz Fazlı Mikroşerit Anten Dizisinin Besleme Analizi

Abstract

Otomotiv radarı, güvenilirliği nedeniyle otonom araçlarda umut vadeden bir algılama teknolojisi olarak bilinmektedir. Günümüz otonom araçlarında, 77 – 81 GHz frekans bandı otomotiv radarları için ana çalışma bandıdır. Otomotiv radarlarının verimli çalışabilmesi için radar anteninin son derece hassas olması gerekir. Ancak, yüksek çalışma frekansları, yüksek kazanç, geniş bant genişliği ve düşük yan lob seviyeleri (SLL) gerektiren radar anteni tasarımında zorluklar ortaya çıkarabilmektedir. Bu sorunu ele almak için, bu çalışmada, eş düzlemli boşluk kaynak portu, dikey toprak köprüsü ve dalga portu dahil olmak üzere üç farklı topraklanmış eş düzlemli dalga kılavuzu (GCPW) besleme konfigürasyonu kullanılarak düzlemsel seri beslemeli doğrusal bir anten dizisinin 79 GHz otomotiv radar uygulamalarına uyarlaması amaçlanmaktadır. Antenin besleme yapılandırmalarıyla performansını değerlendirmek için benzetimler yürütülmüştür. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre, dalga portu beslemeli antenin en iyi empedans bant genişliğini (>3 GHz) elde ettiği, eş düzlemli boşluk kaynak portu veya dikey toprak köprüsü konfigürasyonları beslemeli antenin ise daha iyi ana lob faz merkezlemesi ve daha yüksek bir kazanç (>18,4 dBi) sergilediği, yan lob seviyelerinin (SLL) -16,28 dB’nin altında olduğu gösterilmiştir. Bu bulguların, yeni nesil otonom araçlar için yüksek performanslı radar antenlerinin geliştirilmesine katkıda bulunabileceği düşünülmektedir.

Keywords

• Otonom araçlar
• radar
• mikroşerit anten
• anten beslemesi
• dizi anten
• besleme analizi

Feeding Analysis of a 79 GHz Phased Microstrip Antenna Array for Autonomous Vehicle Radar Applications

Abstract

Automotive radar is known as a promising sensing technology in autonomous vehicles due to its reliability. In current autonomous vehicles, the 77 – 81 GHz frequency band is the principal operating band for automotive radars. For the efficient operation of automotive radars, the radar antenna needs to be highly accurate. However, higher operating frequencies may present challenges in radar antenna design, requiring high gain, wide bandwidth, and low sidelobe levels (SLL). To address this issue, this study aims to adapt a planar series-fed linear antenna array to 79 GHz automotive radar applications using three different grounded coplanar waveguide (GCPW) feed configurations, including coplanar gap source port, vertical ground bridge, and wave port. Simulations were conducted to evaluate the performance of the antenna with the feed configurations. According to the results, it was shown that the antenna with wave port feed achieved the best impedance bandwidth (>3 GHz), whereas the antenna with either the coplanar gap source port or the vertical ground bridge configurations exhibited better main lobe phase centering and a higher gain (>18.4 dBi), with an acceptable SLL below -16.28 dB. It is believed that these findings may contribute to the development of high-performance radar antennas for next-generation autonomous vehicles.

Keywords

• Autonomous vehicles
• radar
• microstrip antenna
• antenna feed
• array antenna
• feeding analysis

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