The Antioxidant Potential Role of Mate Leaf (Ilex paraguariensis) Extract on Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Abstract

Mate leaf (Ilex paraguariensis), a medicinal plant rich in polyphenolic compounds, has been found to possess various biological activities, including antimicrobial, antifungal, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticancer, anti-cholesterol, antidiabetic, and antihypertensive effects. This study investigates the protective and preventive effects of Mate leaf extract on oxidative damage induced by potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7) in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Four groups were created for the study: (i) Control Group: The group created with yeast only; (ii) Mate Leaf Group: The group receiving Mate leaf extract (10%); (iii) K2Cr2O7 Group: The group receiving K2Cr2O7 (10 millimolar); (iv) Mate Leaf + K2Cr2O7 Group: The group receiving both Mate leaf (10%) and K2Cr2O7 (10 millimolar). Cell development time (1, 3, 5, 24 hours), lipid peroxidation, malondialdehyde (MDA) analysis, catalase (CAT) activity, and glutathione (GSH) levels were measured using a spectrophotometer. Total protein changes in S. cerevisiae cultures were determined at 1, 3, 5, and 24 hours using SDS-PAGE electrophoresis and calculated by the Bradford method. Results revealed that Mate leaf extract had protective and preventive effects against oxidative stress caused by K2Cr2O7 in S. cerevisiae. Data showed that Mate leaf improved biochemical parameters (GSH, CAT) in cells against K2Cr2O7-induced oxidative damage. Specifically, the Mate leaf-treated group exhibited decreased lipid peroxidation levels, increased catalase (CAT) activity, and elevated glutathione (GSH) levels. Moreover, analyses of cell development time and total protein levels indicated that Mate leaf treatment protected cell health. These findings support the potential of Mate leaf as a protective agent against oxidative damage and suggest that its biological activity could be beneficial.

Keywords

• Ilex paraguariensis
• GSH
• Potasyum dikromat
• SDS-PAGE.

Mate Yaprağı (Ilex paraguariensis) Ekstraktının Saccharomyces cerevisiae Üzerinde Antioksidan Potansiyel Rolü

Abstract

Mate yaprağı (Ilex paraguariensis), polifenolik bileşikler bakımından zengin olan ve antimikrobiyal, antifungal, antiviral, antienflamatuar, antioksidan, antikanser, anti-kolesterol, antidiyabetik ve antihipertansif etkiler gibi çeşitli biyolojik aktivitelere sahip olduğu bilinen tıbbi bir bitkidir. Bu çalışma, potasyum dikromat (K₂Cr₂O₇) tarafından Saccharomyces cerevisiae’de oluşturulan oksidatif hasar üzerinde Mate yaprağı ekstraktının koruyucu ve önleyici etkilerini araştırmaktadır. Çalışma için dört grup oluşturulmuştur: (i) Kontrol Grubu: Sadece maya içeren grup; (ii) Mate Yaprağı Grubu: %10 Mate yaprağı ekstraktı verilen grup; (iii) K₂Cr₂O₇ Grubu: 10 milimolar K₂Cr₂O₇ verilen grup; (iv) Mate Yaprağı + K₂Cr₂O₇ Grubu: Hem %10 Mate yaprağı ekstraktı hem de 10 milimolar K₂Cr₂O₇ verilen grup. Hücre gelişim süresi (1, 3, 5, 24 saat), lipid peroksidasyonu, malondialdehit (MDA) analizi, katalaz (CAT) aktivitesi ve glutatyon (GSH) düzeyleri spektrofotometre kullanılarak ölçülmüştür. S. cerevisiae kültürlerinde toplam protein değişiklikleri 1, 3, 5 ve 24. saatlerde SDS-PAGE elektroforezi yöntemiyle belirlenmiş ve Bradford yöntemiyle hesaplanmıştır. Mate yaprağı ekstraktı K₂Cr₂O₇’nin neden olduğu oksidatif strese karşı koruyucu ve önleyici etkilere sahip olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Veriler, Mate yaprağının K₂Cr₂O₇ kaynaklı oksidatif hasara karşı hücrelerdeki biyokimyasal parametreleri (GSH, CAT) iyileştirdiğini göstermektedir. Özellikle Mate yaprağı ile muamele edilen grupta lipid peroksidasyon düzeylerinde azalma, katalaz (CAT) aktivitesinde artış ve glutatyon (GSH) seviyelerinde yükselme gözlemlenmiştir. Ayrıca hücre gelişim süresi ve toplam protein düzeyleri analizleri, Mate yaprağı uygulamasının hücre sağlığını koruduğunu göstermiştir. Bu sonuçlar, mate yaprağının oksidatif hasara karşı koruyucu bir ajan olarak potansiyelini desteklemekte ve biyolojik aktivitesinin faydalı olabileceğini düşündürmektedir.

Keywords

• Ilex paraguariensis
• GSH
• Potasyum dikromat
• SDS-PAGE

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