Feasibility Analysis of NDT Methods Using to Estimate the Concrete Strength as Part of Urban Regeneration
Year 2018,
Volume: 13 Issue: 1, 9 - 17, 01.03.2018
Kürşat Esat Alyamaç
Merve Açıkgenç Ulaş
,
Yavuzhan Taş
Ehsan Ghafari
Abstract
Most of the countries are placed in a seismic
zone which has high activity and has extremely experienced large-scale losses
due to several destructive earthquakes such as Turkey. Therefore, governments
are seriously trying to produce the projects that will significantly reduce the
earthquake effects. The most important part of these projects is urban
regeneration. Within the context of urban regeneration activities, renewal of
the buildings which have low earthquake-resistant is targeted. While the
earthquake resistance level of a building is decided, one of the important
steps is the determination of the strength of the building materials. There are
many standard NDT methods that will be able to be used to determine the
compressive strength. However, it is necessary to choose the appropriate
methods in order to quickly and reliably estimate the strength properties of
the materials. The purpose of this study is to determine the optimum NDT method
for the urban regeneration. So, feasibility analysis was carried out for the
standard NDT methods, and the performance of these methods was evaluated based
on the cost and the accuracy. The result is the requirement new NDT method
which is the practical and efficient for the large-scale projects such as urban
regeneration.
References
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16. ASTMC900-15. (2015). Standard Test Method for Pullout Strength of Hardened Concrete. ASTM International: West Conshohocken. p. 10.
17. ASTMC1150-96. (1996). Standard Test Method for The Break-Off Number of Concrete. ASTM International: West Conshohocken. p. 4.
18. ASTMC1074−11. (2011). Standard Practice for Estimating Concrete Strength by the Maturity Method. ASTM International: West Conshohocken. p. 10.
19. ASTMC873/C873M−15. (2016). Standard Test Method for Compressive Strength of Concrete Cylinders Cast in Place in Cylindrical Molds. ASTM International: West Conshohocken. p. 4.
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22. Selcuk, L., Gokce, H.S., Kayabali, K. and Simsek, O. (2012). A Nondestructive Testing Technique: Nail Penetration Test. ACI Struct. J., 109(2): 245-252.
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27. Yaman, I.O., Inci, G., Yesiller, N. and Aktan, H.M. (2001). Ultrasonic pulse velocity in concrete using direct and indirect transmission. ACI Materials Journal, 98(6): 450.
28. Hellier, C.J. (2003). Handbook of Nondestructive Evaluation. The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
29. Nasser, K. and Al-Manaseer, A. (1987). New non-destructive test. Concrete International, 9(1): 41-44.
30. Malhotra, V. (1974). Evaluation of the Windsor probe test for estimating compressive strength of concrete. Matériaux et Construction, 7(1): 3-15.
31. Bin Ibrahim, A., Bin Ismail, P., Forde, M., Gilmour, R., Kato, K., Khan, A., Ooka, N., Siong, S., Terada, K. and Wiggenhauser, H. (2002). "Guidebook on non-destructive testing of concrete structures. International Atomic Energy.
32. Bommer, J., Spence, R., Erdik, M., Tabuchi, S., Aydinoglu, N., Booth, E., Del Re, D. and Peterken, O. (2002). Development of an earthquake loss model for Turkish catastrophe insurance. Journal of Seismology, 6(3): 431-446.
33. Gunes, O. (2015). Turkey's grand challenge: Disaster-proof building inventory within 20 years. Case Studies in Construction Materials, 2: 18-34.
34. Erdik, M. (1994). "Developing a comprehensive earthquake disaster masterplan for Istanbul," in Issues in Urban Earthquake Risk. Springer. 125-166.
35. Güzey, Ö. (2009). Urban regeneration and increased competitive power: Ankara in an era of globalization. Cities, 26(1): 27-37.
36. Güzey, Ö. (2016). The last round in restructuring the city: Urban regeneration becomes a state policy of disaster prevention in Turkey. Cities, 50: 40-53.
37. Jones, R. (1949). The non-destructive testing of concrete*. Magazine of Concrete Research, 1(2): 67-78.
38. McCann, D. and Forde, M. (2001). Review of NDT methods in the assessment of concrete and masonry structures. NDT&E Int, 34(2): 71-84.
39. Uomoto, T. (2000). “Non-destructive testing in civil engineering 2000”. Elsevier.
40. Blocher, E.J. (2009). Teaching cost management: A strategic emphasis. Issues in Accounting Education, 24(1): 1-12.
41. Hassan, A. and Jones, S. (2012). Non-destructive testing of ultra high performance fibre reinforced concrete (UHPFRC): A feasibility study for using ultrasonic and resonant frequency testing techniques. Construction and Building Materials, 35: 361-367.
Year 2018,
Volume: 13 Issue: 1, 9 - 17, 01.03.2018
Kürşat Esat Alyamaç
Merve Açıkgenç Ulaş
,
Yavuzhan Taş
Ehsan Ghafari
References
- 1.Bikce, M. and Celik, T.B. (2016). Failure analysis of newly constructed RC buildings designed according to 2007 Turkish Seismic Code during the October 23, 2011 Van earthquake. Eng. Fail. Anal., 64: 67-84.
2.Dogangun, A. (2004). Performance of reinforced concrete buildings during the May 1, 2003 Bingol Earthquake in Turkey. Eng. Struct., 26(6): 841-856.
3. Norio, O., Ye T., Kajitani, Y., Shi, P.J. and Tatano, H. (2011). The 2011 Eastern Japan Great Earthquake Disaster: Overview and Comments. Int. J. Disaster. R. Sci., 2(1): 34-42.
4. Saatcioglu, M., Ghobarah, A. and Nistor, I. (2006). Performance of structures in Indonesia during the December 2004 great Sumatra earthquake and Indian Ocean tsunami. Earthq. Spectra., 22: S295-S319.
5. Sezen, H., Whittaker, A., Elwood, K. and Mosalam, K. (2003). Performance of reinforced concrete buildings during the August 17, 1999 Kocaeli, Turkey earthquake, and seismic design and construction practise in Turkey. Eng. Struct., 25(1): 103-114.
6. Zhao, B., Taucer, F. and Rossetto, T. (2009). Field investigation on the performance of building structures during the 12 May 2008 Wenchuan earthquake in China. Eng. Struct., 31(8): 1707-1723.
7. Yon, B., Sayin, E., Calayir, Y., Ulucan, Z.C., Karatas, M., Sahin, H., Alyamac, K.E. and Bildik, A.T. (2015). Lessons learned from recent destructive Van, Turkey earthquakes. Earthquakes and Structures, 9(2): 431-453.
8. Karaman, O. (2013). Urban Renewal in Istanbul: Reconfigured Spaces, Robotic Lives. Int. J. Urban Regional, 37(2): 715-733.
9. Anthony, O.S. (1990). Post-Disaster Housing Reconstruction and Social Inequality: A Challenge to Policy and Practice. Disasters, 14(1): 7-19.
10. Gunay, Z., Koramaz, T.K. and Ozuekren, A.S. (2015). "From Squatter Upgrading to Large-scale Renewal Programmes: Housing Renewal in Turkey," in Renewing Europe's Housing, (Ed) Turkington, R. and Watson, C., Thu University of Chicago Press, 215-243.
11. Alyamac, K. (2014). Earthquake Resistance and Future Planning of the Existing Building Stock in Elazig/TURKEY. The International Congress on Elazig from the Past to the Present. Prime Ministry of Turkish Republic, Ataturk Culture Language and History Higher Institution, Ataturk Research Center. 583-600.
12. ACI_2281r_03 (2003). In-Place Methods to Estimate Concrete Strength. American Concrete Institute: Farmington Hills. p. 44.
13. ASTMC805/C805M−13a. (2014). Standard Test Method for Rebound Number of Hardened Concrete. ASTM International: West Conshohocken. p. 4.
14. ASTMC597-09. (2010). Standard Test Method for Pulse Velocity Through Concrete. ASTM International: West Conshohocken. p. 4.
15. ASTMC803/C803M-03. (2010). Standard Test Method for Penetration Resistance of Hardened Concrete. ASTM International: West Conshohocken. p. 4.
16. ASTMC900-15. (2015). Standard Test Method for Pullout Strength of Hardened Concrete. ASTM International: West Conshohocken. p. 10.
17. ASTMC1150-96. (1996). Standard Test Method for The Break-Off Number of Concrete. ASTM International: West Conshohocken. p. 4.
18. ASTMC1074−11. (2011). Standard Practice for Estimating Concrete Strength by the Maturity Method. ASTM International: West Conshohocken. p. 10.
19. ASTMC873/C873M−15. (2016). Standard Test Method for Compressive Strength of Concrete Cylinders Cast in Place in Cylindrical Molds. ASTM International: West Conshohocken. p. 4.
20. Gucci, N. and Barsotti, R. (1995). A non-destructive technique for the determination of mortar load capacityin situ, Mater. Struct., 28(5): 276-283.
21. Rodrigues, J.D., Pinto, A.F. and da Costa, D.R. (2002). Tracing of decay profiles and evaluation of stone treatments by means of microdrilling techniques. J. Cult. Herit., 3(2): 117-125.
22. Selcuk, L., Gokce, H.S., Kayabali, K. and Simsek, O. (2012). A Nondestructive Testing Technique: Nail Penetration Test. ACI Struct. J., 109(2): 245-252.
23. Naderi, M. (2007). New twist-off method for the evaluation of in-situ strength of concrete. J. Test. Eval., 35(6): 602-608.
24. Kolek, J. (1958). An appreciation of the Schmidt rebound hammer. Magazine of Concrete Research, 10(28): 27-36.
25. Malhotra, V.M. and Carino, N.J. (2004). Handbook on Nondestructive Testing of Concrete. CRC Press.
26. Panzera, T.H., Christoforo, A.L., Cota, F.P., Borges, P.H.R. and R.B.C. (2011). "Advances in Composite Materials–Analysis of Natural and Man-Made Materials, chapter 17," in Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity Evaluation of Cementitious Materials. InTech.
27. Yaman, I.O., Inci, G., Yesiller, N. and Aktan, H.M. (2001). Ultrasonic pulse velocity in concrete using direct and indirect transmission. ACI Materials Journal, 98(6): 450.
28. Hellier, C.J. (2003). Handbook of Nondestructive Evaluation. The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
29. Nasser, K. and Al-Manaseer, A. (1987). New non-destructive test. Concrete International, 9(1): 41-44.
30. Malhotra, V. (1974). Evaluation of the Windsor probe test for estimating compressive strength of concrete. Matériaux et Construction, 7(1): 3-15.
31. Bin Ibrahim, A., Bin Ismail, P., Forde, M., Gilmour, R., Kato, K., Khan, A., Ooka, N., Siong, S., Terada, K. and Wiggenhauser, H. (2002). "Guidebook on non-destructive testing of concrete structures. International Atomic Energy.
32. Bommer, J., Spence, R., Erdik, M., Tabuchi, S., Aydinoglu, N., Booth, E., Del Re, D. and Peterken, O. (2002). Development of an earthquake loss model for Turkish catastrophe insurance. Journal of Seismology, 6(3): 431-446.
33. Gunes, O. (2015). Turkey's grand challenge: Disaster-proof building inventory within 20 years. Case Studies in Construction Materials, 2: 18-34.
34. Erdik, M. (1994). "Developing a comprehensive earthquake disaster masterplan for Istanbul," in Issues in Urban Earthquake Risk. Springer. 125-166.
35. Güzey, Ö. (2009). Urban regeneration and increased competitive power: Ankara in an era of globalization. Cities, 26(1): 27-37.
36. Güzey, Ö. (2016). The last round in restructuring the city: Urban regeneration becomes a state policy of disaster prevention in Turkey. Cities, 50: 40-53.
37. Jones, R. (1949). The non-destructive testing of concrete*. Magazine of Concrete Research, 1(2): 67-78.
38. McCann, D. and Forde, M. (2001). Review of NDT methods in the assessment of concrete and masonry structures. NDT&E Int, 34(2): 71-84.
39. Uomoto, T. (2000). “Non-destructive testing in civil engineering 2000”. Elsevier.
40. Blocher, E.J. (2009). Teaching cost management: A strategic emphasis. Issues in Accounting Education, 24(1): 1-12.
41. Hassan, A. and Jones, S. (2012). Non-destructive testing of ultra high performance fibre reinforced concrete (UHPFRC): A feasibility study for using ultrasonic and resonant frequency testing techniques. Construction and Building Materials, 35: 361-367.