ENDOKRİN BOZUCULARIN FERTİLİTE ÜZERİNE ETKİLERİ: LİTERATÜR İNCELEMESİ

Öz

Amaç Endokrin sistem, hormonlar aracılığıyla vücuttaki temel biyolojik süreçleri düzenlemektedir. Endokrin bozucu kimyasallar (EDC’ler) ise bu dengeyi bozarak üreme sistemi üzerinde olumsuz etkiler oluşturabilmektedir. Bu derlemenin amacı, Bisfenol A (BPA), ftalatlar, dioksinler, pestisitler, ağır metaller, PFAS ve parabenler olmak üzere EDC’lerin kadın ve erkek fertilitesi üzerindeki etkilerini güncel bilimsel çalışmalar doğrultusunda değerlendirmektir. Yöntem Bu derleme, BPA, ftalatlar, dioksinler, pestisitler, ağır metaller, PFAS ve parabenler gibi belirli kimyasallara maruziyet ile üreme sağlığı arasındaki ilişkiyi değerlendiren güncel bilimsel çalışmalar temel alınarak hazırlanmıştır. Bulgular Yapılan çalışmalarda, EDC maruziyetinin oosit gelişimi, sperm kalitesi, hormonal denge, üreme organlarının fonksiyonu ve gebe kalabilme başarısı gibi parametrelerde belirgin bozulmalara yol açabildiği saptanmıştır. Ayrıca, intrauterin dönemde maruziyetin nesiller arası aktarılabildiği, kalıcı toksik etkiler oluşturduğu ve infertilite, doğumsal anomaliler ile nörogelişimsel bozukluklar gibi sonuçlarla ilişkili olduğu görülmüştür. Sonuç Dünya çapında gerçekleşen çevresel olaylar (DES kullanımı, Minamata, Seveso ve Love Canal kazaları), EDC’lerin etkilerinin büyüklüğünü ve yaygınlığını ortaya koymaktadır. EDC’lerin üreme sağlığı üzerinde yol açtığı sorunların önlenmesi için maruziyetin azaltılması, farkındalığın artırılması ve ulusal ile uluslararası düzeyde düzenlemelerin hayata geçirilmesi gerekmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• ENDOKRİN BOZUCULAR
• FERTİLİTE
• İNFERTİLİTE
• ÇEVRESEL TOKSİNLER

EFFECTS OF ENDOCRINE DISRUPTORS ON FERTİLİTY: A LITERATURE REVİEW

Öz

Purpose The endocrine system regulates the basic biological processes in the body through hormones. Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) can disrupt this balance and have negative effects on the reproductive system. The purpose of this review is to evaluate the effects of EDCs, including Bisphenol A (BPA), phthalates, dioxins, pesticides, heavy metals, PFAS and parabens, on male and female fertility in line with current scientific studies. Methods This review is based on current scientific studies evaluating the relationship between EDC exposure and reproductive health, focusing on specific chemicals such as BPA, phthalates, dioxins, pesticides, heavy metals, PFAS, and parabens. Results Studies have shown that EDC exposure can cause significant deterioration in parameters such as oocyte development, sperm quality, hormonal balance, reproductive organ function and pregnancy success. In addition, it has been observed that intrauterine exposure is transmitted between generations and causes permanent toxic effects and is associated with outcomes such as infertility, congenital anomalies and neurodevelopmental disorders. Conclusion Environmental events occurring worldwide (DES use, Minamata, Seveso and Love Canal accidents) reveal the magnitude and prevalence of the effects of EDCs. In order to prevent the problems caused by EDCs on reproductive health, exposure should be reduced, awareness should be increased and national and international regulations should be implemented.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Endocrine disruptors
• Environmental toxins
• FERTİLİTY
• İNFERTİLİTY

Kaynakça

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