<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.4 20241031//EN"
        "https://jats.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/1.4/JATS-journalpublishing1-4.dtd">
<article  article-type="research-article"        dtd-version="1.4">
            <front>

                <journal-meta>
                                                                <journal-id>tojdac</journal-id>
            <journal-title-group>
                                                                                    <journal-title>The Turkish Online Journal of Design Art and Communication</journal-title>
            </journal-title-group>
                                        <issn pub-type="epub">2146-5193</issn>
                                                                                            <publisher>
                    <publisher-name>Deniz YENGİN</publisher-name>
                </publisher>
                    </journal-meta>
                <article-meta>
                                        <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.7456/tojdac.1376030</article-id>
                                                                <article-categories>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="en">
                                                            <subject>Fine Arts</subject>
                                                            <subject>Interdisciplinary Art</subject>
                                                            <subject>Painting</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="tr">
                                                            <subject>Güzel Sanatlar</subject>
                                                            <subject>Disiplinlerarası Sanat</subject>
                                                            <subject>Resim</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                    </article-categories>
                                                                                                                                                        <title-group>
                                                                                                                        <trans-title-group xml:lang="en">
                                    <trans-title>STUDYING ART &amp; DESIGN THROUGH THE FRAME OF COLOR ‘RED-BLUE-YELLOW’</trans-title>
                                </trans-title-group>
                                                                                                                                                                                                <article-title>RENGİN KADRAJINDAN SANAT/TASARIMI OKUMAK “KIRMIZI-MAVİ- SARI”</article-title>
                                                                                                    </title-group>
            
                                                    <contrib-group content-type="authors">
                                                                        <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                    <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">
                                        https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5418-9687</contrib-id>
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Karaçalı</surname>
                                    <given-names>Berna</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>İSTANBUL TOPKAPI ÜNİVERSİTESİ</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                                                </contrib-group>
                        
                                        <pub-date pub-type="pub" iso-8601-date="20231228">
                    <day>12</day>
                    <month>28</month>
                    <year>2023</year>
                </pub-date>
                                        <volume>14</volume>
                                        <issue>1</issue>
                                        <fpage>1</fpage>
                                        <lpage>18</lpage>
                        
                        <history>
                                    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="20231014">
                        <day>10</day>
                        <month>14</month>
                        <year>2023</year>
                    </date>
                                                    <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="20231204">
                        <day>12</day>
                        <month>04</month>
                        <year>2023</year>
                    </date>
                            </history>
                                        <permissions>
                    <copyright-statement>Copyright © 2011, The Turkish Online Journal of Design Art and Communication</copyright-statement>
                    <copyright-year>2011</copyright-year>
                    <copyright-holder>The Turkish Online Journal of Design Art and Communication</copyright-holder>
                </permissions>
            
                                                                                                <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
                            <p>Color, a strong element of the visual language, should be studied through an interdisciplinary perspective as a phenomenon that should be comprehended at the intersection of theory and practice. Color, which comes into existence as the common ground of the field of art &amp;design from theory to practice, appears in the interaction environment of many fields ranging from medicine to art &amp; design, such as philosophy with the color theories developed since antiquity, sociology with the concept of collective consciousness betokened by the language of symbolism it has created, psychology with its power to effect change in perception, physiology with the profoundness of the mechanism behind visual function, chemistry with the complex structure of the pigment (color) molecule, and physics with the wavelength and frequency characteristics of light. Setting out from the collective memory generated by all disciplines, this study addresses the color phenomenon with a focus on primary colors from the perspective of the art &amp; design within the context of visual language. By analyzing outstanding examples of contemporary art &amp; design, this study reveals how primary colors draw the lines of their own universes with their proximity to each other and their interaction, similarities and differences, besides their underlying and generated meaning, in other words the essential qualities of red, blue and yellow. The dominant and ongoing existence of color in the areas of art &amp; design from past to present and the effort to comprehend such, is the main reason behind bringing up this study to the agenda.</p></trans-abstract>
                                                                                                                                    <abstract><p>Görsel dilin güçlü bir elemanı olan renk teori ve pratiğin ara kesitinde kavranması gereken bir olgu olarak disiplinler arası bir perspektifle incelenmelidir. Kuramdan pratiğe sanat/tasarım alanının ortak paydasında varlık bulan renk; Antik Çağ’dan günümüze üretilen renk teorileri ile felsefenin, üretmiş olduğu sembolizm dilinin işaret ettiği kolektif bilinç kavramıyla toplumbilim alanının; algıdaki değişimi etkileyen kuvvetiyle psikolojinin, görme işlevinin ardındaki mekanizmanın derinliği ile fizyolojinin, pigment (renk) molekülünün karmaşık yapısı ile kimyanın, ışığın dalga boyu ve frekans niteliğiyle fiziğin, tıptan sanat/tasarıma pek çok farklı alanın etkileşim ortamında varlık göstermektedir. Bu çalışma, tüm disiplinlerin ürettiği ortak hafızadan yola çıkarak, renk olgusunu sanat-tasarım alanının perspektifiyle görsel dil bağlamında, ana renkler odağında ele almaktadır. Ana renklerin yaslandığı ve ürettiği anlamın, başka bir ifadeyle kırmızı, mavi ve sarının öz niteliklerinin yanında birbirlerine olan mesafeleri, etkileşimleri, benzerlik ve farklarıyla kendi evrenlerinin sınırlarını nasıl çizdiklerini çağdaş sanat-tasarım alanı içinden öne çıkan örnekleri analiz ederek ortaya koymaktadır. Rengin dünden bugüne sanat-tasarım alanında egemen ve süregelen varlığı ile bunu anlama çabası bu çalışmanın gündeme taşınmasının temel nedeni olmuştur.</p></abstract>
                                                            
            
                                                                                        <kwd-group>
                                                    <kwd>Renk</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Anlam</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Görsel Dil</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Çağdaş Sanat/Tasarım</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Disiplinler Arasılık</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                            
                                                <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
                                                    <kwd>Color</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Meaning</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Visual Language</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Contemporary Art/Design</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Interdisciplinarity</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                                                                                                                                        </article-meta>
    </front>
    <back>
                            <ref-list>
                                    <ref id="ref1">
                        <label>1</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Anatsui, E. (2023,17 Eylül). Fresh and fading memories/ Taze ve solmakta olan anılar 2007, [Enstalasyon]. https://theshinygrocery.tumblr.com/image/117258767019</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref2">
                        <label>2</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Antonioni, M. (2023, 9 Eylül). Kızıl çöl / Il deserto rosso, 1964 [Film]. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/666073</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref3">
                        <label>3</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Antonioni, M. (2023, 17 Eylül). Kızıl çöl / Il deserto rosso, 1964 Film]. http://www.tasteofcinema.com/2020/10-reasons-why-red-desert-is-michelangelo-antonionis-most-poetic-film/</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref4">
                        <label>4</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Albers, J. (2006). Interaction of color. Yale University Press.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref5">
                        <label>5</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Architects Urban Planners/ ANMA. (2023, 17 Eylül). Güney Brittany Ulusal Mühendisler Okulu. [Dijital görsel]. https://bit.ly/417XBaL</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref6">
                        <label>6</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Arnheim, R. (2004). Görsel düşünme. (R. Öğdül, Çev.). MetisYayınları.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref7">
                        <label>7</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Bergman, I. (2023, 9 Eylül). Çığlıklar ve fısıltılar / Viskningar och rop, 1972 [Film]. https://www.yedipencere.com/cigliklar-ve-fisiltilar-filmi-uzerine/</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref8">
                        <label>8</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Barthes, R. (2014). Görüntünün retoriği, sanat ve müzik. (A. Koç, Ö. Albayrak, Çev.). Yapı Kredi Yayınları.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref9">
                        <label>9</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">By Kacakkova, (2023, 9 Eylül). Bergman kırmızısı, 2012. https://mutlaktoz.wordpress.com/2012/04/15/bergman-kirmizisi/</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref10">
                        <label>10</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Deleuze, G. (2003). İki konferas. (U. Baker, Çev.) Norgunk Yayıncılık.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref11">
                        <label>11</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">De Ceulaer, M. (2023, 14 Eylül). Mutation series/ Mutasyon serisi, 2012 [Dijital görsel]. https://assetsglobal.websitefiles.com/5c757e274842bd156aa4606d/5c9fc926f4f12432ce580cd4_Maarten%20De%20Ceulaer-Mutation%20Series%20Sofa-1-Photo%20by%20Nico%20Neefs.jpg.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref12">
                        <label>12</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Eliasson, O. (2023, 17 Eylül). Kör yolcu/ Blinded passanger, 2009-10 [Dijital video görsel:1dk:41sn.]. https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2019/jan/31/olafur-eliasson-your-blind-passenger-tunnel-fog-tate-modern-installation</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref13">
                        <label>13</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Ersoy, N. (1990). Semboller ve yorumlarla görünenden görünmeyene. Zafer ve Sena Ofset Matbaası.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref14">
                        <label>14</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Finlay, V. (2007). Renkler. (K. Emiroğlu, Çev.). Dost Kitabevi.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref15">
                        <label>15</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Fludd, R. (2023, 8 Eylül). Utriusque Cosmi&#039;sinden evrenden önceki hiçliği temsil eden siyah karesi, 1617, [İllüstrasyon]. https://wellcomecollection.org/search/images?query=gbbychu2#gzy3gujm</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref16">
                        <label>16</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Focillon, H. (2015). Biçimlerin yaşamı. (A. Tümertekin, Çev.). Janus Yayıncılık.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref17">
                        <label>17</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Itten, J. (1973). The art of color. John Wiley&amp; Sons, Inc. Hoboken.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref18">
                        <label>18</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Turrel, J. (2023, 10 Eylül). Wolfsburg projesi, 2009-10 [Enstalasyon].   https://www.kunstmuseum.de/ausstellung/james-turrell-the-wolfsburg-project/</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref19">
                        <label>19</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Kapoor, A. (2023, 15 Eylül). Sky mirror/ Gökyüzü aynası. [Dijital görsel]. Fotoğraf: Houghton Hall Arşivi 2018, http://www.dreamideamachine.com/?p=59817</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref20">
                        <label>20</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Klein, Y. (2002). Chelsea otel manifestosu. (D. Artun, A. Gültekin, Çev.). Norgunk Yayıncılık.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref21">
                        <label>21</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Klein, Y. (2023, 14 Eylül). Propositions monochromes, 1957 [Sergi afişi]. https://www.yvesklein.com/en/ressources/#/fr/ressources/view/document/83/poster-for-the-double-exhibition-yves-klein-propositions-monochromes-at-galerie-iris-clert-and-galerie-colette-allendy</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref22">
                        <label>22</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Leppert, R. (2001). Sanatta anlamın görüntüsü. (İ. Türkmen, Çev.). Ayrıntı Yayınları.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref23">
                        <label>23</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Malevich, K. (2023, 10 Eylül). Black square / Siyah kare, 1915 [Resim]. https://asosjournal.com/?mod=tammetin&amp;makaleadi=&amp;makaleurl=718373423_13635%20Berna%20KARA%C3%87ALI.pdf&amp;key=35567</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref24">
                        <label>24</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Malevich, K. (2023, 10 Eylül). Red square / Kırmızı kare, 1915 [Resim]. https://kazimirmalevich.org/red-square/</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref25">
                        <label>25</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Nacar, E. (2023, 9 Eylül). Bir deliliğe sığınma hikayesi: Kızıl çöl. sinecine, 7(1), s. 83-101, https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/666073</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref26">
                        <label>26</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Pastoureau, M. (2005). Mavi bir rengin tarihi. (İ. M. Uysal, Çev.). İmge Kitabevi.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref27">
                        <label>27</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Penique Productions. (2023, 15 Eylül). El Claustro / Manastır, 2011 [Enstalasyon].   https://www.juxtapoz.com/news/cover-it-in-plastic-by-penique-productions/</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref28">
                        <label>28</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Proust, M. (2010). Kayıp zamanın izinde. (R. Hakmen, Çev.). Yapı Kredi Yayınları.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref29">
                        <label>29</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Quinn, M. (2023, 14 Eylül). “Self / Otoportre, 1991 [Dijital görsel]. https://mymodernmet.com/marc-quinn-self-sculpture/</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref30">
                        <label>30</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Ruby, S. (2023, 4 Eylül). Spectre/ Hayalet, 2019 [Enstalasyon]. https://www.xavierhufkens.com/artists/sterling-ruby?modal=artist-related-artworks#artwork-4</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref31">
                        <label>31</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Sharma, R. (2007). Renklerle terapi. (E. Kafalı, Çev.). Nokta Kitap.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref32">
                        <label>32</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Shiota, C. (2023, 10 Eylül). Belirsiz yolculuk/ Uncertain journey, 2016. Photo: Christian Glaeser, [Enstalasyon].   https://www.artforum.com/print/previews/201905/shiota-chiharu-the-soul-trembles-79667</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref33">
                        <label>33</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Smith, T. (2011). Contemporary art-world currents. Laurence King Publishing.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref34">
                        <label>34</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Soto, J. R. (2023, 17 Eylül). Houston penetrable, 2004-14 [Dijital video görsel: 3dk: 52sn.] https://www.mfah.org/exhibitions/jesus-rafael-soto/</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref35">
                        <label>35</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Sözen, M. (2003). Sinemada renk. Detay Yayıncılık.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref36">
                        <label>36</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Suh, D. H. (2023, 10 Eylül). “Home within home within home within home within home / Ev içinde ev içinde ev içinde ev içinde ev içinde, 2014. [Enstalasyon]. https://saglamart.com/do-ho-suh-yapibozumcu-bir-kiskirtma-alani-olarak-ev</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref37">
                        <label>37</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Thacker, E. (2023, 8 Eylül). Siyah üstüne siyah, 2015. https://publicdomainreview.org/essay/black-on-black/</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref38">
                        <label>38</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Uygur, N. (2015). Dilin gücü. Yapı Kredi Yayınları.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref39">
                        <label>39</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Vogue. (2023, 20 Eylül). [Kapak görseli]. https://tr.pinterest.com/pin/249316529365561020/</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                            </ref-list>
                    </back>
    </article>
