The Potential for Climate Change Mitigation in Solid Waste Disposal: A Case Study of Lagos Landfills

Yıl 2012, Cilt: 2 Sayı: 4, 84 - 89, 23.07.2016

Aboyade A.o Rabiu A. Amigun B.

Öz

Solid waste disposal sites account for up to 20% of global emissions of methane the second most significant greenhouse gas. However, under proper management landfills can in fact have a positive carbon balance, by capturing the methane-rich landfill gas (LFG) produced from the dumpsites. This paper assesses the potential for implementing such a project in the Olusosun waste disposal site in Lagos, Nigeria. Data regarding municipal solid wastes (MSW) generation and composition, regulations as well as relevant aspects of the Nigerian energy market and its regulations and climate change policies were evaluated. This is employed to assess the potential for a viable implementation of a landfill gas to energy project at the site. The analyses revealed that the flaring only scenario was observed to be the most economically feasible. The cost of producing electricity from LFG (approx. US$50/MWh) is higher than the estimated long term cost from natural-gas fed thermal plants (at US$39/MWh)

Anahtar Kelimeler

Lagos landfill, Climate change, Solid waste disposal

Kaynakça

• Agunwamba, J. (1998). Solid waste management in Nigeria: problems and issues. Environmental Management, 22(6), 849–856.
• Bamgbose, O. A., Arowolo, T. A., Oresanya, O., & Yusuf, A. A. (2000). Assessment of Urban Solid Waste Management Practices in Lagos, Nigeria. African Scientist, 1(1), 23-31.
• Barish, N. N. (1962). Economic Analysis for Engineering and Managerial Decision-Making (Later Printing.). McGraw Hill Book Co.
• Bossel, H. (1994). Modeling and Simulation. A K Peters/CRC Press.
• Cygnet Services Limited. (2002). Technical and Commercial Proposal for Management of Olusosun Landfill Site. Lagos: Lagos State Ministry of Environment.
• Ellis, J., Corfee-Morlot, J., & Winkler, H. (2004). Taking stock of progress under the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM). Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Paris.
• EPA, U. (1996). Turning a Liability into as asset: A Landfill Gas-to-energy Project Development Handbook. USA Environmental Protection Angency-EPA.
• Haites, E., & Seres, S. (2004). Estimating the market potential for the clean development mechanism: review of models and lessons learned. PCFplus Report, 19.
• Krey, M., & Welt-Wirtschafts-Archiv, H. (2004). Transaction costs of CDM projects in India: An empirical survey. Hamburgisches Welt-Wirtschafts-Archiv (HWWA).
• World Bank, B. (2004). The World Bank handbook for the preparation of landfill gas to energy projects in Latin America and the Caribbean. Waterloo, Ontario.
• Rushbrook, P., Pugh, M., & Mundial, B. (1999). Solid waste landfills in middle-and lower-income countries: a technical guide to planning, Design, and operation. Banco Mundial.
• Ruth, M., & Hannon, B. (1997). Modeling Dynamic Economic Systems (1st ed.). Springer.
• Sterman, J. D. (2000). Business dynamics: systems thinking and modeling for a complex world. 2000. Boston et al: Irwin McGraw-Hill, 110.
• UNFCCC. (2004). Approved baseline methodology AM0003: Simplified Financial Analysis for Landfill Gas Capture Projects. UNFCCC.
• Villavicencio, A. (2003). A systems view of sustainable energy development. Discussion Paper. Quito.
• Watson, R. T. (2001). IPCC Third Assessment Report: Climate Change 2001: Synthesis report. IPCC.