ISOLATION, CHARACTERIZATION AND MICROENCAPSULATION OF PROBIOTIC Lactobacillus curvatus G7 FROM CHICKEN CROP

Yıl 2012, Cilt: 2 Sayı: 1, 1 - 6, 23.07.2016

Houria Ouled-haddar Tayeb Idoui Mohamed Sifour Messaouda Guezira Messaouda Bouthabet

Öz

The controlled release of bioactive substances to their site of action in the GIT is essential in modern drug and food industries. The major obstacles that probiotic bacteria should overcome are stomach acidity and bile salts. In this research a Lactobacillus curvatus strain was isolated from chicken crop; it was identified based on morphological and biochemical characteristics and tested for its probiotic properties. Furthermore; the survival of free and microencapsulated Lb curvatus in 1 % sodium alginate was evaluated in GIT-like conditions. The results showed that 27.87 % of the free cells were found to be resistant to acidic conditions (pH 2) after 1 hour of incubation, while only 2.09 % survived after 2 hours of incubation therefore the bacteria could not be capable of resisting in the stomach. Microencapsulation improved the viability particularly after 2 hours for the reason that 11.36 % of the cells survived after 2 hours. On the other hand, in bile salts, the percentage of survival of the free cells of Lb curvatus was 47 after 4 hours of incubation and decreased to 40 after 8 hours. However, the microencapsulated form resists more since 66 % of the cells survived after 4 hours and more than 52 % survived in bile salts after 8 hours. It appears evidently that cell entrapment in sodium alginate protects the bacteria from gastric and intestinal hostile conditions

Anahtar Kelimeler

Lactobacillus curvatus, probiotic, microencapsulation, chicken crop

Kaynakça

• Awad W. A., Ghareeb K., Abdel-Raheem S. and Bohm J. 2009. Effects of dietary inclusion of probiotic and symbiotic on growth performance, organ weights, and intestinal histomorphology of broiler chickens. Poult. Sci. 88: 49-55.
• Bergey D. H. and Holt J. G. 1994. Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology. 9th Ed. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. US.
• Boyawal P., Lebrum A. and Goulet J. 1985. Etude de l’immobilisation de LB. helveticus dans des billes d’alginate de calcium. Lait, 65:185.189.
• Crittenden R., Weerakkody R., Sanguansri L. and Augustin M. 2006. Synbiotic microcapsules that enhance microbial viability during nonrefrigerated storage and gastrointestinal transit. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 72(3): 2280-2282.
• Ding W. K. and Shah N. P. 2007. Acid, bile, and heat Tolerance of free and microencapsulated probiotic bacteria. J. Food Sci. 72 (9): 446–450.
• Fuller R. and Turvey A. 1997. Bacteria associated with intestinal wall of the fowl. J. Appl. Bacteriol. 44: 75- 80.
• Fuller R. 1984. Microbial activity in the alimentary tract of birds. Production and Nutrition. 43: 55-61.
• Gabriel I., Mallet S. and Sibill P. 2005. La microflore digestive des volailles: facteurs de variation et conséquences pour l'animal. INRA, Nouzilly, France: 309-222.
• Gournier-Château N., Larpent J. P., Castillanos M.I. and Larpent J. L. 1994. Les probiotiques en alimentation animale et humaine. Technique et Documentation. Lavoisier : 1-129.
• Higgins J. P., Higgins S. E., Wolfenden A. D., Henderson S. N., Torres-Rodriguez A., Vicente J. L. Hargis B.
• M. and Tellez G. 2010. Effect of lactic acid bacteria probiotic culture treatment timing on Salmonella enteritidis in neonatal broilers. Poult. Sci. 89: 243-247.
• FAO/OMS Rapport d’experts. 2001. Health and nutritional properties of probiotics in food including powder milk with live lactic acid bacteria.
• Kailasapathy K. 2002. Microencapsulation of probiotic Bacteria: technology and potential applications. Curr. Iss. Intest. Microbiol ; 3: 39-48.
• Lee K. I. and Heo T. R. 2000. Survival of Bifidobacterium longum immobilized in calcium alginate beads in simulated gastric juices and bile salt solution. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 66: 869-973.
• Lee J. S., Cha D. S. and Park H. J. 2004. Survival of freeze-dried Lactobacillus bulgaricus KFRI 673 in chitosan-coated calcium alginate microparticles. J. Agri. Food Chem. 72:7300-7305.
• Lin W. H., Yu B., Jang S.H. and Tsen H. Y. 2007. Different probiotic properties for Lactobacillus fermentum strains isolated from swine and poultry. Anaerobe. 13: 107-113.
• Lutful Kabir S. M. 2009. The role of probiotics in the poultry industry. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 10: 3531-3546.
• Pacheco K. C., Del Toro G. V., Martinez F. R. and Duran-Paramo. 2010. Am. J. Agri. Biol. Sci. 5(1): 37-42.
• Reque F. E., Pandey1., Franco S. G. and Soccol C. R. 2000. Isolation, identification and physiological study of Lactobacillus fermentum LBP for use as probiotic in chickens. Braz. J. Microbiol. 31:303-307.
• Robin J. M. and Rouchy A. 2001. Les probiotiques. Nutrithérapie INFO. Roy D., Amiot J., Boutin Y. and Lamoureux M. 2006. Innocuité, Qualité et Efficacité des probiotiques. Biotechnologie des cultures lactiques d’intérêt laitier et probiotique. Canada.
• Shahidi F. and Han X. Q. 1993. Encapsulation of food ingredients. Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr. 33(6): 501-547.
• Simova E. D., Beshkova D. B. and Dimitrov Z. P. 2009. Characterization and antimicrobial spectrum of bacteriocins produced by lactic acid bacteria isolated from traditional Bulgarian dairy products. J. Appl. Microbiol., 106: 692-701.
• Soomro A. H, Masud T. and Anwaar K. 2002. Role of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in food reservation and Human Health: A Review. Pak. J. Nutr., 1: 20-24.
• Sultana K., Godward G., Reynolds N., Arumugasawamy R., Peiris P. and Kailasspathy K. 2000. Encapsulation of probiotic bacteria with alginate- starch and evaluation of survival in simulated gastrointestinal conditions and in yoghurt. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 62:47-55.
• Tagg J. R., Dajani A. S. and Wannamaker L. W. 1976. Bacteriocins of Gram positive bacteria. Bacteriol. Rev. 40: 722-756.
• Vidhyalakshmi R., Bhakyyaraj R. and Subhasree R. S. 2009. Encapsulation. « The future of Probiotics ». Adv. Biol. Res. 3: 96-103.
• Voo W., Ravindra P., Tey B. T. and Chan E. S. 2011. Comparison of alginate and pectin based beads for production of poultry probiotic cells. J. Biosci. Bioeng. 111(3): 294-299.