Research Article
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Year 2023, Volume: 5 Issue: 1, 30 - 41, 30.06.2023

Bariş Çıvak

https://doi.org/10.48119/toleho.1192035
Cited By: 1

Abstract

References

  • Abubakar, A. M., Anasori, E., & Lasisi, T. T. (2019). Physical attractiveness and managerial favoritism in the hotel industry: The light and dark side of erotic capital. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 38, 16-26.
  • Abubakar, A. M., Namin, B. H., Harazneh, I., Arasli, H., & Tunç, T. (2017). Does gender moderates the relationship between favoritism/nepotism, supervisor incivility, cynicism and workplace withdrawal: A neural network and SEM approach. Tourism Management Perspectives, 23, 129-139.
  • Aykac, A. (2010). Tourism employment: Towards an integrated policy approach. Anatolia, 21(1), 11–27.
  • Balcı İzgi, B. & Olcay, A. (2008). Çalışma koşullarının önemi: Gaziantep ilindeki 4 ve 5 yıldızlı otel işletmesi çalışanlarına yönelik bir araştırma. Gazi Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 10(1), 43-62.
  • Baum, T. (1993). Human resource concerns in European tourism: Strategic response and the EC. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 12(1), 77–88.
  • Baum, T. (1999). Seasonality in tourism: Understanding the challenges: Introduction. Tourism Economics, 5(1), 5–8. Baum, T. (2013). International perspectives on women and work in hotels, catering, and tourism, Bureau for Gender Equality. International Labour Office.
  • Baum, T., & Hagen, L. (1999). Responses to seasonality: The experiences of peripheral destinations. International Journal of Tourism Research, 1(5), 299–312.
  • Bazeley, P., & Jackson, K. (2013). Qualitative data analysis with NVivo. SAGE.
  • Bourdieu, P (2005) The forms of capital. In: Stehr, N, Grundmann, R (eds) Knowledge: Critical Concepts. Abingdon: Routledge, 93–111.
  • Bourdieu, P. (1987). Distinction: A social critique of the judgement of taste. Harvard University Press.
  • Braverman, H. (1998). Labor and monopoly capital: The degradation of work in the twentieth century. Monthly Review Press.
  • Brien, A. (2004). The New Zealand hotel industry: Vacancies increase while applicant numbers and calibre decrease. International Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Administration, 5(1), 87–104.
  • Burell, G., & Morgan, G. (1979). Sociological paradigms and organisational analysis. Heineman Educational Books.
  • Carvalho, I., Costa, C., Lykke, N., & Torres, A. (2014). An analysis of gendered employment in the Portuguese tourism sector. Journal of Human Resources in Hospitality & Tourism, 13(4), 405-429.
  • Cave, P., & Kilic, S. (2010). The role of women in tourism employment with special reference to Antalya, Turkey. Journal of Hospitality Marketing & Management, 19(3), 280-292.
  • Çavuş, Ö. & Kurar, İ. (2015). Turizm sektöründe çalışanların hukuki haklarına ilişkin farkındalıkları: Konaklama ve yiyecek-içecek işletmeleri çalışanları üzerine bir araştırma. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 17(2), 147-174.
  • Çelik, C., & Erkuş-Öztürk, H. (2016). Role of precariousness and space on class formation process: The case of Antalya’s tourism workers. Capital & Class, 40(3), 419–445.
  • Chalkiti, K. ve Sigala, M. (2010). Staff Turnover in the Greek Tourism Industry, Inter- national Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 22(3), 335-359.
  • Çıvak, B. (2021). Otel işletmelerinde emek sömürüsü, tahakküm ve direniş ilişkilerine dair niteliksel bir araştırma [A qualitative research on the relations of labor exploitation, domination and resistance in hotel businesses] [Doctoral Dissertation]. Anadolu University.
  • Çıvak, B., & Besler, S. (2022). A Critical Analysis of Managerial Control Mechanisms in Hotel Businesses. SAGE Open, 12(1).
  • Cooper, C., Fletcher, J., Fyall, A., Gilbert, D., & Wanhill, S. (2005). Tourism principles and practice (3rd ed.). Pearson Education.
  • Edwards, R. (1979), Contested terrain: The transformation of the workplace in the twentieth century. Basic Books Inc.
  • Efthymiou, L. (2010). Workplace control and resistance from below: An ethnographic study in a Cypriot luxury hotel [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Leicester.
  • Elbaz, A. M., Haddoud, M. Y., & Shehawy, Y. M. (2018). Nepotism, employees’ competencies and firm performance in the tourism sector: a dual multivariate and qualitative comparative analysis approach. Tourism Management, 67, 3-16.
  • Elsayed, K., & Daif, R. (2019). Use of the Ishikawa Diagram to understand the employees’ perceptions towards nepotism in tourism and hospitality industry. Journal of Tourism and Hospitality Management, 7(2).
  • Erköse, H. Y. (2020). The battlefields of leisure: Simple forms of labor control in the Turkish hospitality sector. New Perspectives on Turkey, 63, 4–31. Foucault, M. (2012). Discipline and punish: The birth of the prison. Vintage.
  • Fusch, P. I. & Ness, L. R. (2015). Are we there yet? Data saturation in qualitative research. The Qualitative Report, 20 (9), 1408.
  • International Labour Organization (2012). Employment in the tourism sector. http://www.ilo.org/ilostat/content/conn/ILOSTATContentServer/path/ Contribution%20Folders/statistics/web_pages/static_pages/statistical_ briefs/Tourism_factsheet.pdf
  • International Labour Organization. (2010). Developments and challenges in the hospitality and tourism sector. https://www.ilo. org/wcmsp5/groups/public/—ed_norm/—relconf/documents/ meetingdocument/wcms_166938.pdf
  • Jolliffe, L., & Farnsworth, R. (2003). Seasonality in tourism employment: Human resource challenges. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 15(6), 312–316.
  • Kaya, İ. & Atçı, D. (2015). Türk turizm sektöründe çalışma saatlerinin analizi ve değerlendirilmesi, Çağ Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 12(2),24-47.
  • Kim, Y. (2011). The pilot study in qualitative inquiry: Identifying issues and learning lessons for culturally competent research. Qualitative Social Work, 10(2), 190-206.
  • Kıykaç, B., & Aslan, A. (2019). Disipline Edici İktidar ve Çalışanları Ağırlamak. Trakya Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi.
  • Kusluvan, S., & Kusluvan, Z. (2000). Perceptions and attitudes of undergraduate tourism students towards working in the tourism industry in Turkey. Tourism Management, 21(3), 251–269.
  • Lee, D., Hampton, M., & Jeyacheya, J. (2015). The political economy of precarious work in the tourism industry in small island developing states. Review of International Political Economy, 22(1), 194–223.
  • Lundmark, L. (2006). Mobility, migration and seasonal tourism employment: Evidence from Swedish mountain municipalities. Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism, 6(3), 197-213.
  • Merriam, S. B. (2009). Qualitative research: A guide to design and implementation. John Wiley & Sons.
  • Messenger, J. C., Lee, S., & McCann, D. (2007). Working time around the world: Trends in working hours, laws, and policies in a global comparative perspective. Routledge.
  • Pizam, A. (1982). Tourism manpower: The state of the art. Journal of Travel Research, 21(2), 5–9.
  • Poulston, J. M. (2009). Working conditions in hospitality: Employees’ views of the dissatisfactory hygiene factors. Journal of Quality Assurance in Hospitality & Tourism, 10(1), 23–43.
  • Poulston, J. M. (2009). Working conditions in hospitality: Employees' views of the dissatisfactory hygiene factors. Journal of Quality Assurance in Hospitality & Tourism, 10(1), 23-43.
  • Robinson, R. N., Martins, A., Solnet, D., & Baum, T. (2019). Sustaining precarity: Critically examining tourism and employment. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 27(7), 1008– 1025.
  • Rowlinson, M., Hassard, J. (2001), Marxist political economy revolutionary politics, and labour process theory. International Studies of Management & Organization, 30(4), 85–111
  • Sayar, A. (2015). Yılkı Atı. Ötüken.
  • Scott, J. (1992). Domination and the arts of resistance: Hidden transcripts. Yale University Press.
  • Sekaran, U. (2003). Research methods for business: A skill building approach (4th ed.). John Wiley and Sons.
  • Silva, P. (2006). Effects of Disposition on Hospitality Employee Job Satisfaction and Commitment, International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 18(4), 317-328.
  • Standing, G. (2017). The precariat: The new dangerous class. Bloomsbury Academic.
  • Tashakkori, A. & Teddlie, C. (Eds.). (2003). Handbook of mixed methods in social & behavioral research. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
  • The Ministry of Labor and Social Security (2011). Turizm Sektöründe Çalışma Sürelerinin İyileştirilmesi Programlı Teftişi Sonuç Raporu, Retrived July, 27, 2020 from http://www.csgb.gov.tr/csgbPortal/ShowProperty/WLP%20Repository/itkb/ dosyalar/yayinlar/yayinlar2013/2011_48
  • The World Tourism Organisation (UNWTO). (2019). Global Report on Women in Tourism. Retrieved April 14, 2021, from https://www.e-unwto.org/doi/epdf/10.18111/9789284420407
  • Timmo, N. (1993). Employment relations and labour markets in the tourism and hospitality industry. International Journal of Employment Studies, 1(1), 33–50.
  • Tosun, C., Çalişkan, C., Şahin, S. Z., & Dedeoğlu, B. B. (2021). A critical perspective on tourism employment. Current Issues in Tourism, 1-21.
  • Uzar, U., & Eyuboglu, K. (2019). Can tourism be a key sector in reducing income inequality? An empirical investigation for Turkey. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research, 24(8), 822-838.
  • Van Wijk, E. ve Harrison, T. (2013). Managing ethical problems in qualitative research involving vulnerable populations using a pilot study. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 12(1), 570-586.
  • Weiss, R. S. (1994). Learning from strangers: The art and method of qualitative interview studies. Simon and Schuster.
  • WTTC - World Travel&Tourism Council. (2021). Economic impact. Retrieved May 31, 2021, from https://www.wttc.org/ economic-impact/.
  • Yıldırım, M. (2021). Tracing the consent, adaptation and resistance practices of an ‘unsustainable’ workforce: The governmentality of workplaces in tourism industry. Tourism Management, 84, 104260

The nature of working in the hospitality industry: Evidence from 3S tourism in Turkiye

Year 2023, Volume: 5 Issue: 1, 30 - 41, 30.06.2023

Bariş Çıvak

https://doi.org/10.48119/toleho.1192035
Cited By: 1

Abstract

The main purpose of the study is to reveal the nature of working in the field of hospitality by examining employment forms and working conditions. For this purpose, the phenomenology approach was used and interviews were conducted with 32 hotel employees. According to the findings, it has been seen that temporary and precarious forms of employment are common in tourism. It is seen that the employees are kept under strict control for efficiency and productivity and the managerial hegemony is at a significant level. In addition, it has been determined that due to standardization and simplification in hotel businesses with an all-inclusive system, employees are deprived of their qualifications and become unqualified.

Keywords

Employment pattern working conditions labor process power relation hospitality industry

References

  • Abubakar, A. M., Anasori, E., & Lasisi, T. T. (2019). Physical attractiveness and managerial favoritism in the hotel industry: The light and dark side of erotic capital. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 38, 16-26.
  • Abubakar, A. M., Namin, B. H., Harazneh, I., Arasli, H., & Tunç, T. (2017). Does gender moderates the relationship between favoritism/nepotism, supervisor incivility, cynicism and workplace withdrawal: A neural network and SEM approach. Tourism Management Perspectives, 23, 129-139.
  • Aykac, A. (2010). Tourism employment: Towards an integrated policy approach. Anatolia, 21(1), 11–27.
  • Balcı İzgi, B. & Olcay, A. (2008). Çalışma koşullarının önemi: Gaziantep ilindeki 4 ve 5 yıldızlı otel işletmesi çalışanlarına yönelik bir araştırma. Gazi Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 10(1), 43-62.
  • Baum, T. (1993). Human resource concerns in European tourism: Strategic response and the EC. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 12(1), 77–88.
  • Baum, T. (1999). Seasonality in tourism: Understanding the challenges: Introduction. Tourism Economics, 5(1), 5–8. Baum, T. (2013). International perspectives on women and work in hotels, catering, and tourism, Bureau for Gender Equality. International Labour Office.
  • Baum, T., & Hagen, L. (1999). Responses to seasonality: The experiences of peripheral destinations. International Journal of Tourism Research, 1(5), 299–312.
  • Bazeley, P., & Jackson, K. (2013). Qualitative data analysis with NVivo. SAGE.
  • Bourdieu, P (2005) The forms of capital. In: Stehr, N, Grundmann, R (eds) Knowledge: Critical Concepts. Abingdon: Routledge, 93–111.
  • Bourdieu, P. (1987). Distinction: A social critique of the judgement of taste. Harvard University Press.
  • Braverman, H. (1998). Labor and monopoly capital: The degradation of work in the twentieth century. Monthly Review Press.
  • Brien, A. (2004). The New Zealand hotel industry: Vacancies increase while applicant numbers and calibre decrease. International Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Administration, 5(1), 87–104.
  • Burell, G., & Morgan, G. (1979). Sociological paradigms and organisational analysis. Heineman Educational Books.
  • Carvalho, I., Costa, C., Lykke, N., & Torres, A. (2014). An analysis of gendered employment in the Portuguese tourism sector. Journal of Human Resources in Hospitality & Tourism, 13(4), 405-429.
  • Cave, P., & Kilic, S. (2010). The role of women in tourism employment with special reference to Antalya, Turkey. Journal of Hospitality Marketing & Management, 19(3), 280-292.
  • Çavuş, Ö. & Kurar, İ. (2015). Turizm sektöründe çalışanların hukuki haklarına ilişkin farkındalıkları: Konaklama ve yiyecek-içecek işletmeleri çalışanları üzerine bir araştırma. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 17(2), 147-174.
  • Çelik, C., & Erkuş-Öztürk, H. (2016). Role of precariousness and space on class formation process: The case of Antalya’s tourism workers. Capital & Class, 40(3), 419–445.
  • Chalkiti, K. ve Sigala, M. (2010). Staff Turnover in the Greek Tourism Industry, Inter- national Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 22(3), 335-359.
  • Çıvak, B. (2021). Otel işletmelerinde emek sömürüsü, tahakküm ve direniş ilişkilerine dair niteliksel bir araştırma [A qualitative research on the relations of labor exploitation, domination and resistance in hotel businesses] [Doctoral Dissertation]. Anadolu University.
  • Çıvak, B., & Besler, S. (2022). A Critical Analysis of Managerial Control Mechanisms in Hotel Businesses. SAGE Open, 12(1).
  • Cooper, C., Fletcher, J., Fyall, A., Gilbert, D., & Wanhill, S. (2005). Tourism principles and practice (3rd ed.). Pearson Education.
  • Edwards, R. (1979), Contested terrain: The transformation of the workplace in the twentieth century. Basic Books Inc.
  • Efthymiou, L. (2010). Workplace control and resistance from below: An ethnographic study in a Cypriot luxury hotel [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Leicester.
  • Elbaz, A. M., Haddoud, M. Y., & Shehawy, Y. M. (2018). Nepotism, employees’ competencies and firm performance in the tourism sector: a dual multivariate and qualitative comparative analysis approach. Tourism Management, 67, 3-16.
  • Elsayed, K., & Daif, R. (2019). Use of the Ishikawa Diagram to understand the employees’ perceptions towards nepotism in tourism and hospitality industry. Journal of Tourism and Hospitality Management, 7(2).
  • Erköse, H. Y. (2020). The battlefields of leisure: Simple forms of labor control in the Turkish hospitality sector. New Perspectives on Turkey, 63, 4–31. Foucault, M. (2012). Discipline and punish: The birth of the prison. Vintage.
  • Fusch, P. I. & Ness, L. R. (2015). Are we there yet? Data saturation in qualitative research. The Qualitative Report, 20 (9), 1408.
  • International Labour Organization (2012). Employment in the tourism sector. http://www.ilo.org/ilostat/content/conn/ILOSTATContentServer/path/ Contribution%20Folders/statistics/web_pages/static_pages/statistical_ briefs/Tourism_factsheet.pdf
  • International Labour Organization. (2010). Developments and challenges in the hospitality and tourism sector. https://www.ilo. org/wcmsp5/groups/public/—ed_norm/—relconf/documents/ meetingdocument/wcms_166938.pdf
  • Jolliffe, L., & Farnsworth, R. (2003). Seasonality in tourism employment: Human resource challenges. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 15(6), 312–316.
  • Kaya, İ. & Atçı, D. (2015). Türk turizm sektöründe çalışma saatlerinin analizi ve değerlendirilmesi, Çağ Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 12(2),24-47.
  • Kim, Y. (2011). The pilot study in qualitative inquiry: Identifying issues and learning lessons for culturally competent research. Qualitative Social Work, 10(2), 190-206.
  • Kıykaç, B., & Aslan, A. (2019). Disipline Edici İktidar ve Çalışanları Ağırlamak. Trakya Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi.
  • Kusluvan, S., & Kusluvan, Z. (2000). Perceptions and attitudes of undergraduate tourism students towards working in the tourism industry in Turkey. Tourism Management, 21(3), 251–269.
  • Lee, D., Hampton, M., & Jeyacheya, J. (2015). The political economy of precarious work in the tourism industry in small island developing states. Review of International Political Economy, 22(1), 194–223.
  • Lundmark, L. (2006). Mobility, migration and seasonal tourism employment: Evidence from Swedish mountain municipalities. Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism, 6(3), 197-213.
  • Merriam, S. B. (2009). Qualitative research: A guide to design and implementation. John Wiley & Sons.
  • Messenger, J. C., Lee, S., & McCann, D. (2007). Working time around the world: Trends in working hours, laws, and policies in a global comparative perspective. Routledge.
  • Pizam, A. (1982). Tourism manpower: The state of the art. Journal of Travel Research, 21(2), 5–9.
  • Poulston, J. M. (2009). Working conditions in hospitality: Employees’ views of the dissatisfactory hygiene factors. Journal of Quality Assurance in Hospitality & Tourism, 10(1), 23–43.
  • Poulston, J. M. (2009). Working conditions in hospitality: Employees' views of the dissatisfactory hygiene factors. Journal of Quality Assurance in Hospitality & Tourism, 10(1), 23-43.
  • Robinson, R. N., Martins, A., Solnet, D., & Baum, T. (2019). Sustaining precarity: Critically examining tourism and employment. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 27(7), 1008– 1025.
  • Rowlinson, M., Hassard, J. (2001), Marxist political economy revolutionary politics, and labour process theory. International Studies of Management & Organization, 30(4), 85–111
  • Sayar, A. (2015). Yılkı Atı. Ötüken.
  • Scott, J. (1992). Domination and the arts of resistance: Hidden transcripts. Yale University Press.
  • Sekaran, U. (2003). Research methods for business: A skill building approach (4th ed.). John Wiley and Sons.
  • Silva, P. (2006). Effects of Disposition on Hospitality Employee Job Satisfaction and Commitment, International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 18(4), 317-328.
  • Standing, G. (2017). The precariat: The new dangerous class. Bloomsbury Academic.
  • Tashakkori, A. & Teddlie, C. (Eds.). (2003). Handbook of mixed methods in social & behavioral research. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
  • The Ministry of Labor and Social Security (2011). Turizm Sektöründe Çalışma Sürelerinin İyileştirilmesi Programlı Teftişi Sonuç Raporu, Retrived July, 27, 2020 from http://www.csgb.gov.tr/csgbPortal/ShowProperty/WLP%20Repository/itkb/ dosyalar/yayinlar/yayinlar2013/2011_48
  • The World Tourism Organisation (UNWTO). (2019). Global Report on Women in Tourism. Retrieved April 14, 2021, from https://www.e-unwto.org/doi/epdf/10.18111/9789284420407
  • Timmo, N. (1993). Employment relations and labour markets in the tourism and hospitality industry. International Journal of Employment Studies, 1(1), 33–50.
  • Tosun, C., Çalişkan, C., Şahin, S. Z., & Dedeoğlu, B. B. (2021). A critical perspective on tourism employment. Current Issues in Tourism, 1-21.
  • Uzar, U., & Eyuboglu, K. (2019). Can tourism be a key sector in reducing income inequality? An empirical investigation for Turkey. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research, 24(8), 822-838.
  • Van Wijk, E. ve Harrison, T. (2013). Managing ethical problems in qualitative research involving vulnerable populations using a pilot study. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 12(1), 570-586.
  • Weiss, R. S. (1994). Learning from strangers: The art and method of qualitative interview studies. Simon and Schuster.
  • WTTC - World Travel&Tourism Council. (2021). Economic impact. Retrieved May 31, 2021, from https://www.wttc.org/ economic-impact/.
  • Yıldırım, M. (2021). Tracing the consent, adaptation and resistance practices of an ‘unsustainable’ workforce: The governmentality of workplaces in tourism industry. Tourism Management, 84, 104260
There are 58 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Tourism (Other)
Journal Section Peer-reviewed Articles
Authors

Bariş Çıvak 0000-0001-9334-3683

Early Pub Date June 11, 2023
Publication Date June 30, 2023
Submission Date October 20, 2022
Acceptance Date January 16, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 5 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Çıvak, B. (2023). The nature of working in the hospitality industry: Evidence from 3S tourism in Turkiye. Journal of Tourism Leisure and Hospitality, 5(1), 30-41. https://doi.org/10.48119/toleho.1192035

Cited By

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