MULTICULTURALISM, CULTURAL SENSITIVITY AND COUNSELING

Yıl 2008, Cilt: 3 Sayı: 29, 115 - 129, 23.04.2008

Özlem Karaırmak

Öz

In this study, information was given about some concepts like diversity, cultural differences, ethnicity or cultural identity shaping the contemporary approaches in counseling and psychotherapy. Multiculturalism under the influnce of constructivism which places cultural realities and beliefs and subjective truths constructed by individuals from diverse cultural groups in a theoretical framework was presented and cultural
sensitivity was discussed. A need of metatheory offering integrative bridges between Western counseling theories and indigenous elements which have healing and curing effects was discussed from a multiculturalist view. In addition, the characteristics of individualist and collectivist cultures were briefly examined. To what extend Turkish society seeking a
place within European Union in a rapidly globalizing world protects its collectivist structure was discussed. In summary, in the present study, multicultural understanding in counseling evolving under the influence of constructivist approach which underlines subjective realities and personal narratives were
examined in detail. Its possible effects on counseling services in Turkey and applicability in Turkish culture were discussed as well.

Anahtar Kelimeler

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Çok Kültürlülük, Kültürel Duyarlılık ve Psikolojik Danışma

Öz

Bu makalede, postmodernizmin etkisiyle ortaya çıkan çesitlilik, kültürel farklılıklar, etnik köken ve kültürel kimlik gibi kavramların psikolojik danısma ve psikoterapi alanlarındaki çagdas yaklasımları sekillendirmeye baslaması hakkında bilgi verilmistir. Farklı kültür gruplarından insanların yapılandırdıkları bireysel gerçekliklerini, kültürel dogrularını ve inanıslarını kuramsal bir çerçeveye oturtan yapılandırmacı yaklasımın
etkisindeki çok kültürlülük bakıs açısı sunulmus ve bu anlayısın gerektirdigi kültürel duyarlılık tartısılmıstır. Batılı psikolojik danısma kuramları ile iyilestirici ve tedavi edici etkisi olan kültüre özgü ögeleri birlestirici köprüler sunan çok kültürlülük kavramının hakim oldugu bir meta-kuram ihtiyacı üzerinde durulmustur. Ayrıca, bireyselci ve kolektif toplumların özellikleri incelenmis ve iki kavram arasında farklar göz önüne alınarak
hızla globallesen dünyada Avrupa Birligi’ne girme hazırlıklarında olan Türk toplumunun kolektif yapısını ne kadar korudugu tartısılmıstır. Özet olarak, yapılandırmacı yaklasımın etkisiyle ortaya çıktıgı düsünülen psikolojik danısmada çok kültürlü anlayıs ayrıntılı olarak incelenmistir. Türkiye’deki psikolojik danısma uygulamalarına etkileri ve Türk kültürüne uygunlugu ayrıca tartısılmıstır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

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Kaynakça

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