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Evaluation of Children's Anxiety During the Pandemic Based on Their Drawings

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 12 Sayı: 65, 320 - 342, 01.07.2022
https://doi.org/10.17066/tpdrd.1138538

Öz

The coronavirus outbreak which emerged in late 2019 and originated in Wuhan and spread all over the world, was declared by the World Health Organization as a pandemic in 2020. During the pandemic the increasing number of infected and dying individuals, negative reflections in the media and news, unemployment and decreasing income have had negative effects on the mental health of individuals, and this increased their anxiety levels. It is seen that children are as negatively affected by the pandemic as adults. The aim of the study is to reveal the level of anxiety of children during the pandemic, how they experience this anxiety, the main factors that increase their anxiety and their level of knowledge about the coronavirus. For this purpose, a qualitative study was conducted with nine primary school students using the drawing technique and semi-structured online interview method. The pictures drawn by the children were analyzed by using document analysis, and the transcripts of the interviews by descriptive analysis method. As a result of the research, it was revealed that children had limited knowledge about the coronavirus, their fears and anxiety were high, and they also experienced different negative emotions such as anger, sadness, and restriction. The findings were discussed within the scope of the relevant literature, and in this context, suggestions were made for future research and applications.

Kaynakça

  • Abdi, S., Jalili, B., Tavakoli, H., Naderpour, M. (2015). Emotional changes in children undergoing cochlear ımplantation through evaluation of their drawings. Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences, 29(2), 62-66. https://www.sid.ir/en/Journal/ViewPaper.aspx?ID=13118
  • Akoğlu, G., & Karaaslan, B. T. (2020). Covıd-19 ve izolasyon sürecinin çocuklar üzerindeki olası psikososyal etkileri [Possible psychosocial effects of the Covid-19 and isolation process on children]. İzmir Kâtip Çelebi Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Dergisi, 5(2), 99-103. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/1196425
  • American Academy of Pediatrics (2015). Ensuring the health of children in disasters. Pediatrics, 136(5), e1407-e1417. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2015-3112
  • Berksun, E. O. (2003). Anksiyete ve anksiyete bozuklukları [Anxiety and anxiety disorders]. Turgut Publishing.
  • Boelen, P. A., & Spuij, M. (2013). Symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder in bereaved children and adolescents: Factor structure and correlates. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 41(7), 1097-1108. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10802-013-9748-6
  • Bozkurt, Y., Zeybek, Z., & Aşkın, R. (2020). Covid-19 pandemisi: Psikolojik etkileri ve terapötik müdahaleler [Covid-19 pandemic: Psychological effects and therapeutic interventions]. İstanbul Ticaret Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 19(37), 304-318. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/1166182
  • Cao, W., Fang, Z., Hou, G., Han, M., Xu, X., Dong, J., & Zheng, J. (2020). The psychological impact of the COVID-19 epidemic on college students in China. Psychiatry Research, 287, 112934. http://doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112934
  • Carleton, R. N. (2016). Fear of the unknown: One fear to rule them all? Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 41, 5-21. http://doi: 10.1016/j.janxdis.2016.03.011
  • Choi, E. P. H., Hui, B. P. H., & Wan, E. Y. F. (2020). Depression and anxiety in Hong Kong during COVID-19. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(10), 3740. http://doi: 10.3390/ijerph17103740
  • Chorney, D. B., Detweiler, M. F., Morris, T. L., & Kuhn, B. R. (2008). The interplay of sleep disturbance, anxiety, and depression in children. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 33(4), 339-348. https://doi.org/10.1093/jpepsy/jsm105
  • Chrisman, A. K., & Dougherty, J. G. (2014). Mass trauma: Disasters, terrorism, and war. Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics, 23(2), 257-279. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chc.2013.12.004
  • Clatworthy, S., Simon, K., & Tiedeman, M. (1999). Child drawing: Hospital manual. Journal of Pediatric Nursing 14(1), 10–18. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0882-5963(99)80055-4
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  • Çaykuş, E. T. & Mutlu Çaykuş, T. (2020). Covıd-19 Pandemi sürecinde çocukların psikolojik dayanıklılığını güçlendirme yolları: Ailelere, öğretmenlere ve ruh sağlığı uzmanlarına öneriler [Ways to promote children’ resiliency to the Covid-19 pandemic suggestions for families, teachers and mental health specialists]. Avrasya Sosyal ve Ekonomi Araştırmaları Dergisi (ASEAD), 7(5), 95-113. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/1128102
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Pandemi Sürecinde Çocukların Kaygı Durumlarının Çizimleri Üzerinden Değerlendirilmesi

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 12 Sayı: 65, 320 - 342, 01.07.2022
https://doi.org/10.17066/tpdrd.1138538

Öz

2019 yılının sonlarında Wuhan'da ortaya çıkan ve tüm dünyaya yayılan koronavirüs salgını, 2020 yılında Dünya Sağlık Örgütü tarafından pandemic olarak ilan edilmiştir. Pandemi sırasında enfekte olan ve ölen birey sayısının artması, medyadaki olumsuz yansımalar ve haberler, işsizlik ve azalan gelir; bireylerin ruh sağlığını olumsuz etkilemekte ve kaygı düzeylerini artırmaktadır. Çocukların da salgından yetişkinler kadar olumsuz etkilendiği görülmektedir. Çalışmanın amacı, çocukların pandemi dönemindeki kaygı düzeylerini, bu kaygıyı nasıl yaşadıklarını, kaygılarını artıran başlıca faktörleri ve koronavirüs hakkındaki bilgi düzeylerini ortaya koymaktır. Bu amaçla dokuz ilkokul öğrencisiyle resim çizme tekniği ve yarı-yapılandırılmış çevrimiçi görüşme yöntemi kullanılarak nitel bir araştırma yapılmıştır. Çocukların çizdikleri resimler doküman incelemesiyle, görüşme dökümleri ise betimsel analiz yöntemiyle analiz edilmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda çocukların koronavirüs hakkında sınırlı düzeyde bilgi sahibi oldukları, korku ve kaygılarının yüksek olduğu, ayrıca öfke, üzüntü, kısıtlanmışlık gibi farklı olumsuz duygular da yaşadıkları ortaya çıkmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular ilgili literatür kapsamında tartışılmış ve bu bağlamda ileride yapılacak araştırma ve uygulamalar için önerilerde bulunulmuştur.

Kaynakça

  • Abdi, S., Jalili, B., Tavakoli, H., Naderpour, M. (2015). Emotional changes in children undergoing cochlear ımplantation through evaluation of their drawings. Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences, 29(2), 62-66. https://www.sid.ir/en/Journal/ViewPaper.aspx?ID=13118
  • Akoğlu, G., & Karaaslan, B. T. (2020). Covıd-19 ve izolasyon sürecinin çocuklar üzerindeki olası psikososyal etkileri [Possible psychosocial effects of the Covid-19 and isolation process on children]. İzmir Kâtip Çelebi Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Dergisi, 5(2), 99-103. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/1196425
  • American Academy of Pediatrics (2015). Ensuring the health of children in disasters. Pediatrics, 136(5), e1407-e1417. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2015-3112
  • Berksun, E. O. (2003). Anksiyete ve anksiyete bozuklukları [Anxiety and anxiety disorders]. Turgut Publishing.
  • Boelen, P. A., & Spuij, M. (2013). Symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder in bereaved children and adolescents: Factor structure and correlates. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 41(7), 1097-1108. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10802-013-9748-6
  • Bozkurt, Y., Zeybek, Z., & Aşkın, R. (2020). Covid-19 pandemisi: Psikolojik etkileri ve terapötik müdahaleler [Covid-19 pandemic: Psychological effects and therapeutic interventions]. İstanbul Ticaret Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 19(37), 304-318. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/1166182
  • Cao, W., Fang, Z., Hou, G., Han, M., Xu, X., Dong, J., & Zheng, J. (2020). The psychological impact of the COVID-19 epidemic on college students in China. Psychiatry Research, 287, 112934. http://doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112934
  • Carleton, R. N. (2016). Fear of the unknown: One fear to rule them all? Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 41, 5-21. http://doi: 10.1016/j.janxdis.2016.03.011
  • Choi, E. P. H., Hui, B. P. H., & Wan, E. Y. F. (2020). Depression and anxiety in Hong Kong during COVID-19. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(10), 3740. http://doi: 10.3390/ijerph17103740
  • Chorney, D. B., Detweiler, M. F., Morris, T. L., & Kuhn, B. R. (2008). The interplay of sleep disturbance, anxiety, and depression in children. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 33(4), 339-348. https://doi.org/10.1093/jpepsy/jsm105
  • Chrisman, A. K., & Dougherty, J. G. (2014). Mass trauma: Disasters, terrorism, and war. Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics, 23(2), 257-279. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chc.2013.12.004
  • Clatworthy, S., Simon, K., & Tiedeman, M. (1999). Child drawing: Hospital manual. Journal of Pediatric Nursing 14(1), 10–18. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0882-5963(99)80055-4
  • Cole, A. H. Jr. (2009). Anxiety. In D. A. Leeming, K. W. Madden, & S. Marlan (Eds.), Encyclopedia of psychology and religion (pp. 59-62). Springer.
  • Cüceloğlu, D. (2000). İnsan ve davranışı: Psikolojinin temel kavramları (Yedinci basım) [Human and his/her behavior: Basic concepts of psychology (Seventh edition)]. Remzi Publishing.
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  • Yoshikawa, H., Wuermli, A. J., Britto, P. R., Dreyer, B., Leckman, J. F., Lye, S. J., Ponguta, L. A., Richter, L. M., & Stein, A. (2020). Effects of the global coronavirus disease-2019 pandemic on early childhood development: Short- and long-term risks and mitigating program and policy actions. The Journal of Pediatrics, 223, 188-193. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpeds.2020.05.020
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Toplam 74 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Psikoloji
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Fatma Nur Aras Kemer

Erken Görünüm Tarihi 30 Haziran 2022
Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Temmuz 2022
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2022 Cilt: 12 Sayı: 65

Kaynak Göster

APA Aras Kemer, F. N. (2022). Evaluation of Children’s Anxiety During the Pandemic Based on Their Drawings. Turkish Psychological Counseling and Guidance Journal, 12(65), 320-342. https://doi.org/10.17066/tpdrd.1138538

!! From 30 November 2023, English language proofreading will be required for accepted articles to ensure language quality.